Measuring Functional Capacity and Work Requirements Summary of a Workshop (1999) / Chapter Skim
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3 Linking Components of Functional Capacity Domains with Work Requirements
3 Linking Components of Functional Capacity Domains with Work Requirements
Pages 32-44
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From page 32... ...
A systematic and valid method for linking impairment-related functional capacities with work requirements and the ability to perform SGA would be highly desirable in a redesigned SSA disability decision process. It is important 32
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From page 33... ...
Research is needed to perfect abilities to measure in order to move the field closer to the ideal of accuracy in disability determinations. Three real-world examples relevant to linking assessment of functional capacity to work in the disability determination process, together with related research, can be described: Review of the reliability of the Social Security Administration's psychiatric and mental impairment standards in the early 1980s: Many people's benefits were terminated as a result of the redetermination.
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From page 34... ...
is attempting to link functional capacity measures with work requirements, using a large matrix for rating purposes. They asked a group of raters who are knowledgeable in the subject to rate the extent to which a specific component of functional capacity (called "functional assessment constructs")
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From page 35... ...
Specific functional assessment constructs included sensory, physical, cognitive-intellectual, emotional stability, general work behavior, activities of daily living, and medical conditions affecting work. Each domain contains a subset of conceptual factors (36 in all)
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From page 36... ...
Distinguished University Professor of Psychology, George Mason University, and President, Management Research Institute This presentation summarizes a program of research, extending over 40 years, to develop methods that link job requirements to human capabilities for performing job tasks. Specifically, the presentation reviewed the research which identified abilities in the cognitive, psychomotor, physical, and sensoryperceptual domains of human performance.
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From page 37... ...
One extensive effort concerned the development of a job analysis methodology for rating job tasks in terms of their ability requirements (Fleishman, 1975; 1979; 19821. The methodology developed involved presenting very carefully defined abilities, based on the best factor analysis research information about the ability, and a series of rating scales containing empirically derived task anchors repre
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From page 38... ...
A database describing the levels of each of the 52 abilities required in more than 1,200 occupations has been developed (Peterson et al., 1996~. Thus, the ability requirements of occupations can be described in the same terms as the functional assessment measures.
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From page 39... ...
One line of work involved classifying jobs in terms of common levels of requirements in each of the F-JAS physical ability scales (Fleishman, 1988~. Occupational medical specialists were able to link disqualifying symptomatologies in relation to the different levels of job ability requirements (e.g., Gebhardt et al., 1981; Fleishman, 1988; Hogan et al., 19781.
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From page 40... ...
To fulfill this responsibility, it is depending not only on expert opinion, but also is conducting international field trials of the concepts, clarity, organization, cultural sensitivity, and innovations to build an empirical base either to substantiate the draft document or to indicate areas in need of additional revision. Representation on the task force from the United States includes professional organizations such as the American Psychiatric Association, people with disabilities and their advocates, such as the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill; private disability insurance companies; and U.S.
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From page 41... ...
is not intended to reflect the employment hierarchy, it does more suitably describe professional and supervisory work requirements than basic manual labor. In the ICIDH-2 Activities dimension, work is currently classified along with school-related activities, since they tend to be differentiated by age rather than
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From page 42... ...
Studies such as these begin to expand the boundaries of traditional research in rehabilitation associated with mental disorders. The studies illustrate the association of particular mental functions with specific activities, provide empirical support for the statutory definition of disability, and can be applied as the framework for developing both a process and guidelines for SSA's disability determination.
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From page 43... ...
The existing literature needs to be examined intensively for leads and for application in the disability determination work. Disability assessment and determining disability according to the statutory definition are different tasks; the application of the assessment is to a specific job, not to any or all jobs in the national economy.
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From page 44... ...
SSA faces the daunting challenge to develop a process with more specificity than the determination process currently in place. It has to be able to implement nationally whatever process develops, and the redesigned process has to allow SSA to make better decisions.
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