Drinking Water and Health, Volume 9 Selected Issues in Risk Assessment (1989) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C: Models of Response: Dose Additivity and Response Additivity
Appendix C: Models of Response: Dose Additivity and Response Additivity
Pages 177-181
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From page 177... ...
of animals dead in a yes-no response, but could just as well show (for example) average creatinine clearance or average weight loss.
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From page 178... ...
if and only if every contour is a straight line. The straight lines need not be parallel, nor need they be equally spaced in any sense, but this is still a very tight restriction.
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Additivity is now defined in terms of the corners of a rectangle, rather than in terms of an isocontour plus the straight line connecting its endpoints. Response additivity seems to be more tractable in the laboratory (as well as more tractable mathematically)
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From page 180... ...
For example, chemicals A and B are tested in various combinations with results as shown below: Cancer Incidence Percent at Dose of A, ~g/kg O IO 20 Dose of0 5% 19% 22% B,~g/kg100 17% 27% 39% 200 25% 42% 61% Are the effects of A and B additive, synergistic, or antagonistic with A at 10 g/kg and B at 100 ~g/kg? Response additivity is easily tested inasmuch as 0.22/0.95 = 0.232 is less than 0.
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From page 181... ...
Modeling the joint action of toxicants: Basic concepts and approaches. EPA 230-03-87-027 ASA/EPA Conferences on the Interpretation of Environmental Data: Cur rent Assessment of Combined Toxicant Effects, May 5-6, 1986.
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