Permissible Exposure Levels for Selected Military Fuel Vapors (1996) / Chapter Skim
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10 Carcinogenic Effects of Military Fuel Vapors
10 Carcinogenic Effects of Military Fuel Vapors
Pages 84-100
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From page 84... ...
Air Force personnel constituted 86% of the cohort potentially exposed to jet fuel vapor, as well as to aviation l |
From page 85... ...
In 1991, Selden and AhIborg reported further results of a historical cohort study undertal |
From page 86... ...
Selden and Ahiborg ~ ~ 99 ~ ~ concluded that the results from this study indicated that there was no increased risk of lymphatic cancer due to aircraft-fuel exposure. Possible limitations in the study inclucle short follownp (9 years for cancer incidence ant!
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From page 87... ...
Among those exposed to jet fuel, there was a significantly increased risk only to Icidney cancer (odds ratio (OR)
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From page 88... ...
with development of kidney cancers in male rats; however, these exposures were not reported in this stucly. The investigators concluded that the results of this study supports the hypothesis that the development of Iciciney cancer is more likely to be due to exposure to aviation gasoline than to exposure to jet fuel.
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From page 89... ...
The findings of excess Icidney cancer, though not consistent, are pertinent to the weight of evidence of adverse health effects resulting from exposure to jet fuels. The results of studies examining kidney cancer among employees of the petrochemical industry are summarized in Table ~ 0- ~ .
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From page 90... ...
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From page 94... ...
The excess in acute myeloid leukemia was limited to land-based terminal employees hired before 194S, whereas a deficit for this cause of death was observed among marine employees (SMR = 74~. The cohort study (ENSR Health Sciences, ~ 992)
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From page 95... ...
refinery cohort studies. They found no association between Icidney-cancer mortality and exposure to nonaromatic liquid gasoline ctistilIates at concentrations typical of refinery background exposure.
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From page 96... ...
Benign hepatocellular adenomas were slightly increased in female mice exposed at high dosages, but the trend was reversed in male mice. The study did not demonstrate targetorgan toxicity or carcinogenesis that could be extrapolated to other species.
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From page 97... ...
Cell death in the Iciciney is followed by cell proliferation and development of tubular hyperplasia in the convoluted proximal tubules; if exposure to the chemical continues, these effects can persist for prolonged periocis. At the same time, granular casts formed from sloughed cell debris form in the tubular lumen, accompanied by tubular dilatation and papillary mineralization.
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From page 98... ...
The histopathological changes described in mate rats after exposure to JP-5, JP-S, or DFM are similar to the changes that were described in rats exposed to unleaded gasoline and other compounds known to produce this syndrome. Absence of similar changes in female rats, mice, and dogs exposed to the military fuels reinforce the conclusion.
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From page 99... ...
In mice exposed to shale- and petroleum-derived diesel fuel, only 7% developed skin neoplasms (Clark et al., 1988~. Water treatment of the fuels usually greatly diminished or even completely abolisher!
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From page 100... ...
However, the data do not provide a consistent body of evidence needed to support the conclusion that exposure to military fuels carries a risk of kidney cancer, hematopoietic cancer, or other cancer. ICidney lesions seen in male rats exposed to IP-5, JP-S, and DFM vapors resemble a lesion known as oc2u-giobulin nephropathy.
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