Harnessing Science and Technology for America's Economic Future National and Regional Priorities (1999) / Chapter Skim
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5 The University Role in Research
5 The University Role in Research
Pages 33-38
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From page 33... ...
The immigration of talented scientists and engineers to the United States, stable and increasing funding from the state and federal governments, particularly after World War II, and an expanding job market for graduates have contributed to the preeminence of U.S. research universities.
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From page 34... ...
In 1993, 27 percent of all full-time graduate students in science and engineering received primary support from research assistantships, roughly half of which were federally funded. At the doctoral level, about 38 percent of academic doctoral scientists and engineers reported receiving federal support in the spring of 1993.
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From page 35... ...
The university, as a source of science and engineering, thus changes from being at one end of a funnel to being part of a circle, which involves continuous interaction with the marketplace. That the technological requirements of industrial customers increasingly call for solution of fundamental scientific puzzles means that faculty are increasingly attracted to this sort of use-oriented research on their own; in addition, graduate students involved in research now are trained in science and engineering practices that can lead to employment in industry just as easily as employment in academe.
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From page 36... ...
However, further learning and adaptation on each side will be required to bring about expanded industry support for university research consistent with the core values of academe. A 1996 report suggests that increases in industry funding are not compromising the basic integrity of university research, as some critics have charged (Blumenthal et al., 1996~.
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From page 37... ...
The SEMATECH industry research consortium also supports research on future manufacturing processes. Two recent initiatives by the industry are academic research centers at two leading universities working on design and interconnect issues for future semiconductor products (Nelson et al., 1996~.
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