Skip to main content

The Working Environment for Research in U.S. and Japanese Universities Contrasts and Commonalities (1989) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:

3. The University Role: Research or Education?
Pages 9-14

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 9...
... At best, the university experience is a time for individualized learning. At least, it offers l Sogo ni Mita Nichi-Bei Kyoih1 no Kadai: Nichi-Bei Kyoi~u Kyoryoku Kenlyu Hokokusho [Tasks for Education in Japan and the United States: A Binational Perspective, Report of the Cooperative Research Project on Education in Japan and the United States]
Read the entire page →
From page 10...
... Although Monbusho states publicly that the primary function of Japanese universities is to educate, there have been calls for closer integration between the two functions in order to improve both. Tokyo Institute of Technology Professor Eiji Oshima, for example, recently told a U.S.-Japan forum that the most important function of the Japanese university is research, because education requires hands-on research.2 Lawrence Grayson has also argued that because research is an important element of graduate education, it may be necessary to integrate research and education to improve and expand graduate education in Japan.3 In 1984 there were 7,477 doctoral degrees conferred in Japan; the United States granted 32,971 In 1985.4 Although the percentage of those degrees offered in the combined fields of natural science and engineering is about the same in both countries, the split between natural sciences and engineering is illuminating (see liable 3-1~.
Read the entire page →
From page 11...
... . engineering SOURCE: Percentages calculated from numbers in: National Science Foundation, The Science and Technology Resources of Japan: A Comparison with the United States, 1988, 61.
Read the entire page →
From page 12...
... earners are probably better suited to doing excellent and efficient applied work. A striking difference between the two countries is the large number of foreign-born students in the United States.
Read the entire page →
From page 13...
... educational standards are being lowered by the increasing number of foreign teaching assistants who lack a proper mastery of English, the possibility that foreign teaching assistants of different cultural backgrounds may be discouraging women and minorities, and the possibility of future inadequacy in the supply of native engineers for national security worlds Despite the large number of Japanese researchers coming to the United States (more than 23,000 in 1986) , Japan does not account for a large share of foreign engineering students.
Read the entire page →
From page 14...
... While it is true that some of the unemployed Ph.D. graduates in Japan are on postdoctoral fellowships waiting for a suitable university facula position to become available, it is unclear how many of these fellowships have been created purely for the purpose of utilizing unemployed Ph.D.
Read the entire page →

Key Terms

  • engineering students
  • natural sciences
  • teaching assistants
  • fourth united
  • foreign teaching

  • foreign engineering
  • percentages calculated
  • japanese university
  • eiji oshima
  • policy seminar

  • work accepted
  • educational role
  • foreign students
  • degrees conferred
  • natural science

  • degrees offered
  • industry researchers
  • japanese move
  • closer integration
  • created purely

  • corresponding share
  • share granted
  • binational perspective
  • proper mastery
  • kobe university

  • future inadequacy
  • education requires
  • freshmen discover
  • professor kazukai
  • salary gaps


    • This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
    More information on Chapter Skim is available.