Microbial Processes Promising Technologies for Developing Countries (1979) / Chapter Skim
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1 Raw Materials for Microbial Processes
1 Raw Materials for Microbial Processes
Pages 10-17
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From page 10... ...
One important aim of science and technology has been to domesticate beneficial microbes, especially for the transformation of raw materials to worthwhile end products. In general, most raw materials are naturally occurring substances from which more useful materials can be produced.
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From page 11... ...
These raw materials provide carbon, nitrogen, salts, trace elements, vitamins, and other requirements for the processes; hey are few in number because the conditions for large-scale microbial processes impose limitations on the materials that may serve as substrates. In general, the raw materials mentioned in Table 1.2 are traditionally used for microbial processes because of their suitability for specific processes.
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From page 12... ...
These crops or their residues may also be considered as raw materials for microbial processes. A variety of other common waste materials derived from agricultural, forest, and urban sources, may serve as substrates for microbial processes (Table 1.4~.
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From page 13... ...
25997 (2.98) Citrus 22040 2.53 Millet 2145 2 2.46 Barley 20775 2.38 Sweet Potatoes 17630 2.02 Soybeans 13842 1.59 Groundnuts 13502 1.55 Tomatoes 1275 5 1.46 Grapes 12720 1.46 Mangoes 12556 1.44 Watermelon 10436 1.20 Dry Beans 8537 0.98 Onions 6474 0.74 Percentage of Total Developing Country l God Crop Production 94.39 *
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From page 14... ...
Among raw materials commonly used for microbial processes (Table 1.2) , molasses is probably the one most readily available for use as a substrate in developing countries.
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From page 15... ...
However, underdeveloped raw materials selected for large-scale microbial processes will probably have to meet Me requirements discussed in the Introduction. Plants can also be grown specifically for biomass as a fermentation substrate.
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From page 16... ...
But countries with large oil and gas deposits also have a supply of methane, which may be used as a carbon and hydrogen substrate for the grown of organisms for single-cell protein. Research Needs In many developing countries there is need to establish basic information about potential substrates for microbial processes by: · Systematic identification of resources; · Analysis of constituents and properties of promising individual sources; · Identification of scientific, technological, and institutional resources and constraints; and · Determination of optimal process based on best use of substrate, economic justification, available technical support, and unique area needs.
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From page 17... ...
Report of an Ad Hoc Panel of the Advisory Committee on Technology Innovation, Board on Science and Technology for International Development, Commission on International Relations. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences.
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