The Life Sciences Recent Progress and Application to Human Affairs The World of Biological Research Requirements for the Future (1970) / Chapter Skim
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Man and His Environment
Man and His Environment
Pages 188-194
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From page 188... ...
The new wheats and rices emerged from painstaking crossbreeding with available strains to provide seeds that carry the most advantageous characteristics and with new mutants, each being examined for new useful properties. These new grains demand careful nurture.
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From page 189... ...
Because of these factors, coupled with a concurrent increase in sources of contamination i.e., human and animal wastes completely uncontaminated primary sources of water are becoming difficult to find. As knowledge of the factors that affect the survival of waterborne pathogens and their sensitivity to various forms of water treatment increases, new
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From page 190... ...
Such materials do not announce themselves; one must be aware of the problem, perform appropriate analyses, establish standards, and, when feasible, institute procedures for removal of offending chemicals. Such actions may be taken on the general principle that no contaminants are acceptable, but there is greater conviction and urgency when the biological effects of a given contaminant are known.
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From page 191... ...
It is clear that all urban dwellers, because of the relatively high atmospheric concentrations of carbon monoxide, carry significant amounts of carboxyhemoglobin but not in sufficient quantity to limit physiological function. In episodes of striking increase, the consequence is an additional pumping burden on the heart, of no account in normal persons but perhaps sufficient to lead to serious crisis in those with incipient cardiac failure.
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From page 192... ...
Attempts to separate the effects of cigarette smoke from those of more general air pollution indicate a much higher correlation between smoking and disease than between community pollution and disease. It seems quite conceivable that a combination of cigarette smoking and general air pollution accounts for the higher statistical incidence of disease in the smoking population.
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From page 193... ...
The very fact that cyclamates were then consumed by many people in substantial amounts generated concern. Experiments voluntarily conducted by a pharmaceutical house revealed bladder tumors in a group of mice that had been fed vast doses of cyclamate over their entire life-spans (the equivalent of several thousand sweetened cups of coffee per day for many.
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From page 194... ...
, both organophosphate insecticides, are fed together to experimental animals, the toxic effects are considerably greater than the sum of the toxicities of both chemicals. In consequence, the Food and Drug Administration issued a regulation requiring that each new organophosphate be tested jointly with every organophosphate already approved before the new insecticide is cleared for sale.
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