(NAS Colloquium) Plants and Population Is There Time? (1999) / Chapter Skim
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Ecological approaches and the development of truly integrated pest management
Ecological approaches and the development of truly integrated pest management
Pages 5944-5951
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From page 5944... ...
Drawing on two case histories, this paper demonstrates that by increasing our basic understanding of how individual pest control technologies act and interact, new opportunities for improving pest control can be revealed. This approach stresses the need to break away from the existing single-technology, pesticide-dominated paradigm and to adopt a more ecological approach built around a fundamental understanding of population biology at the local farm level and the true integration of renewable technologies such as host plant resistance and natural biological control, which are available to even the most resource-poor farmers.
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From page 5945... ...
1. Proportional sensitivities of pest population growth rate for different pest life history parameters combined with natural enemy mortality acting on the adult pests.
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From page 5946... ...
The results show that the effectiveness of individual mechanisms in suppressing pest population growth rate depends critically on pest life history. They also show that biological control and host plant resistance can be compatible and can combine additively or synergistically to improve pest control.
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From page 5947... ...
In the LUBILOSA program, therefore, evaluation of the horizontal transmission has been aided by the development of some simple population models, built around empirical data describing the different biological processes governing pathogen cycling. Full details of these models can be found in refs.
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From page 5948... ...
the biopesticide acts just like a chemical pesticide inducing a standard level of density-independent mortality. The addition of horizontal transmission (described in the model again by empirically derived data)
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From page 5949... ...
Beyond this, the work on temperature and thermal biology has major implications for use of microbial agents in insect pest control and for managing disease dynamics in natural populations. For example, basic screening bioassays for selecting pathogens for use in biological control usually are conducted under constant laboratory conditions far removed from conditions in the field (24~.
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From page 5950... ...
Similarly, the simple addition of narrow grasscovered banks to cereal fields in the United Kingdom has been shown to improve overwintering conditions for key predators of aphids and facilitate effective colonization of the fields in the spring (31~. Finally, in any particular setting, the role of IPM needs to be considered in the context of the overall production system.
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From page 5951... ...
(1996) Integration of Biological Control and Host Plant Resistance Breeding: A Scientific and Literature Review (Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation of the European Union, Wageningen, The Netherlands)
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