Professional Societies and Ecologically Based Pest Management Proceedings of a Workshop (2000) / Chapter Skim
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5 Opportunities to Integrate Soil, Crop, and Weed Management in Low-External-Input Farming Systems
5 Opportunities to Integrate Soil, Crop, and Weed Management in Low-External-Input Farming Systems
Pages 26-31
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From page 26... ...
Ecologically based weed management strategies begin with the premise that no single tactic will remain successful in the face of genetically heterogeneous weed populations, range expansions by dispersing weed species, variable weather conditions, and changes in crop management practices. Rather than relying on a single "large hammer," such as herbicide technology, to suppress weeds, ecologically based strategies seek to integrate many "little hammers" that act in concert to stress and kill a wide range of weed species at many points in their life cycles (Liebman and Gallandt, 1997~.
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From page 27... ...
Legume residues, composts, and manures are widely used in organic and low-external-input farming systems to maintain soil productivity. Experiments conducted with several crop-weed combinations indicate that use of these soil amendments in place of synthetic fertilizer can also reduce weed density, biomass production, and competitive ability, at the same time maintaining or improving crop performance.
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From page 28... ...
Other soil- and crop-related approaches that may serve as components of ecologically based weed management strategies include: · tillage practices that move weed seeds and vegetative propagules in ways that reduce their survival and disrupt the timing and success rate of seedling or shoot emergence (Buhler, 1995; Mohler, 1993~; · residue management practices that promote attack on weed seeds and seedlings by vertebrates, insects, and microbes (Boyetchko, 1996; Brust and House, 1988; Pitty et al., 1987~; · soil solarization techniques that use temporary plastic tarps to alter soil conditions and kill weed seeds before crops are sown (Stapleton and DeVay, 1995~;
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From page 29... ...
A better understanding of weed dynamics and soil-related processes on organic and lowexternal-input farms, which often use diversified cropping systems, crop residues, composts, and manures to maintain soil productivity, will also further the development of integrated weed management systems. Given that private industry has little incentive to aid farmers interested in reducing the use of herbicides and other purchased inputs, public funding to support research on ecologically based weed management is highly desirable.
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From page 30... ...
1996. Cover crops affect sorghum seedling growth.
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From page 31... ...
1996. Effects of compost-derived humic acids on vegetable biomass production and microbial growth within a plant (Cichorium intybus)
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