Age factors, 3, 11, 54

see also Developmental factors;

Prenatal/perinatal risk factors;

Status offenses

adjudication, general, 1, 167, 170-173, 206-209 (passim), 212, 215-216

adult criminal justice system, age of waiver to, 1, 25, 206-209 (passim), 215-216, 220, 250

after care, 196-199

arrest rates, 10, 14, 27, 28, 32-48, 322

assault, 37, 39, 41, 46

child abuse, 96-97

community age structure, 96-97

criminal justice system, understanding of, 16

criminal responsibility, 14, 16, 17, 18, 20, 157, 206

definition of juvenile, 23, 236

detention, alternatives to, 180-183

elderly persons, 330, 331, 332, 336

gender related to, 68, 69, 95

gun use, 10, 209, 216

homicide, 37, 38, 40, 42, 43, 62-63, 207, 209, 322, 325, 326, 333, 336-344

incarceration, 186-187, 220, 221, 222

international perspectives, criminal responsibility, 17, 18, 20

job training, 151

juvenile justice system, 16, 157, 167, 170-173, 175-176, 180-183, 206-211 (passim), 215, 256

longitudinal studies, 68, 72

parental discipline, 78

peer influences, 80-82

prevalence, 10, 27, 28, 32-56, 64, 68, 319, 320-348

preventive interventions, 8, 105, 152

projections of crime rates, 319, 320-348

property crime, 48-53

rape, 37, 38, 40

research methodology, 10, 64

risk factors, general, 10-11, 67-69, 71, 72, 73, 76-77, 85, 87, 96-97, 105

robbery, 37, 39, 41

school suspension/expulsion, 85, 87

sentencing, 210-212, 253-254

suicide, 45

teenage parents, 76-77, 102, 105, 116, 242

victim-offender mediation, 175-176

victims of crime, 29, 30, 35, 42

victim's perception of offender, 29, 35, 64

violent crimes, 10, 33-48 (passim), 54, 68, 207, 322, 323, 324, 326-329;

see also “assault”, “homicide,” and “rape” supra

Aid to Families with Dependent Children, 109

Alcohol and drug abuse, 14, 23, 56-57

see also Smoking

adult justice system, waiver to, 214-215, 216, 220

after care, 194, 196-197, 199

black persons, 56, 63, 97-98, 258

cocaine, 9, 57, 71, 97, 98, 104, 190, 258, 317, 330

community-based interventions, 141, 143, 146-147

community-level factors, 93, 97-98

crack cocaine, 45, 46, 97, 98, 330

defined, 317-318

detention, alternatives to, 182-183

detention for, 177

developmental factors, 73-74

gender factors, 56-57, 59, 102, 203

heroin, 9, 71, 104, 317

historical perspectives, 54, 55, 56-57

homicides, 43-44, 45-46

incarceration, 45, 186, 187, 190-191, 220

marijuana, 55, 141, 147

peer group interventions, 137

policing policies, 98, 245

prenatal exposure, 9, 71, 104-105, 108

prevalence, 43-44, 45-46, 54, 55, 56-57, 59, 74, 330, 332

preventive interventions, 9, 108, 122, 129, 137, 141, 143, 146-147, 152-153

racial factors, 56, 63, 97-98, 258

school-based interventions, 122, 129

status offenses, 54, 55, 59, 74, 160

testing offenders, 194

American Bar Association, 211

American Correctional Association, 226

Front Matter (R1-R20)

Executive Summary (1-12)

Introduction (13-24)

Patterns and Trends in Juvenile Crime and Juvenile Justice (25-65)

The Development of Delinquency (66-106)

Preventing Juvenile Crime (107-153)

The Juvenile Justice System (154-227)

Race, Crime, and Juvenile Justice: The Issue of Racial Disparity (228-260)

References (261-314)

Appendix A: Definition of Offenses Used in Uniform Crime Reporting (315-318)

Appendix B: The Indeterminancy of Forecasts of Crime Rates and Juvenile Offenses (319-348)

Appendix C: Workshop Agendas (349-354)

Appendix D: Biographical Sketches (355-362)

Index (363-384)