Transportation's Role in Emergency Evacuation and Reentry (2009)

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109 APPENDIX D SURVEY RESULTS Note: The totals and subtotals of the various responses do not always sum to the number of responses received (n) for all questions. The reasons for this are that not all agencies responded to all parts of a question and others indicated more than one response to a single question. Section 1: Preparedness, Planning and Policy Question 1: Please select all that apply to your agency Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total State 29 0 29 18 11 29 Regional 0 4 4 1 3 4 City 0 6 6 2 4 3 Emergency Management 14 7 21 0 18 18 Transportation Agency 18 3 21 21 0 21 n = 39 Question 2: Does your agency have an Emergency Operation Plan? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 28 9 37 20 17 37 No 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 28 9 37 20 17 37 n = 37 Question 2a: If yes, is your plan written in the Annex or the Emergency Support Function Format? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Annex 14 7 21 10 11 21 ESF 13 0 13 9 4 13 Total 27 7 34 19 15 34 n = 34

110 Question 3: In your Emergency Operations Plan please identify the roles of the following agencies for Emergency Support Function 1 – Evacuation and Transportation: (Select all that apply): Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Emergency Management Agency Coordinating Agency 16 7 23 12 11 23 Lead Agency 7 2 9 3 6 9 Support Agency 9 1 10 7 3 10 Transportation Agency Coordinating Agency 2 0 2 2 0 2 Lead Agency 21 5 26 18 8 26 Support Agency 6 4 10 2 8 10 National Guard Coordinating Agency 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lead Agency 1 0 1 1 0 1 Support Agency 25 4 29 16 13 29 Law Enforcement Coordinating Agency 0 1 1 0 1 1 Lead Agency 4 2 6 3 3 6 Support Agency 22 6 28 16 12 28 Question 4: What type of evacuation scenarios currently are included in your agency’s Emergency Operations Plan: (Select all that apply) Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Hurricanes 11 6 17 10 7 17 Tornadoes 10 4 14 8 5 13 Wildfire 11 5 16 9 7 16 Flood 14 6 20 8 11 19 Fire 8 5 13 8 5 13 Chemical 18 7 25 12 13 25 Radiological Release 22 7 29 16 13 29 Dam / Levee Failure 12 5 17 8 9 17 Others: Earthquake, public health emergency, terrorist scenario, tsunami, volcanic ash fallout, energy shortage

111 Question 5: If someone refuses to evacuate during a mandatory evacuation, would you remove them forcibly? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 3 1 4 1 3 4 No 25 8 33 19 14 33 Total 28 9 37 20 17 37 n = 37 Question 5a: If yes, does your transportation agency have a role in the plan? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 3 2 5 1 4 5 No 10 3 13 9 4 13 Total 13 5 18 10 8 18 n = 18 Question 6: What are the levels of evacuation in your jurisdiction? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Mandatory 13 5 18 7 11 18 Voluntary 22 6 28 16 12 28 Total 35 11 46 23 23 46 n = 35 Others: Recommended, shelter in place, advisory (also described as equivalent to “pre- voluntary”) Question 7: Does your Emergency Operations Plan include considerations for evacuating people with animals? (Select all that apply) Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Pets 19 8 27 13 14 27 Service Companion 20 9 29 13 16 29 Livestock 10 3 13 7 6 13 Total 49 20 69 33 36 69 n = 32 Others: Sled dogs

112 Question 8: Does your Emergency Operations Plan include considerations for sheltering people with animals? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Pets 19 5 24 11 13 24 Service Companion 19 6 25 10 15 25 Livestock 9 1 10 7 3 10 Total 37 12 59 28 31 59 n = 34 Question 9: What type of evacuation scenarios currently are included in your agency’s Emergency Operations Plan: (Select all that apply) Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Road Networks 27 6 33 18 15 33 Rail 12 3 15 8 7 15 Air 15 1 16 9 7 16 Water 8 2 10 4 6 10 Pedestrian 4 4 8 3 5 8 School Bus 20 3 23 11 12 23 Military Bus 4 0 4 0 4 4 Military Vehicles 11 0 11 7 4 11 Commercial Bus 17 4 21 9 12 21 Transit Bus 15 6 21 10 11 21 Others: Government vehicle fleet, various aircraft

113 Question 10: Does your plan address providing en route services during an evacuation once an order is given? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Mobile Fuel Emergency Management 8 4 12 6 6 12 Transportation Agency 8 3 11 6 4 11 Agricultural Agency 2 0 2 1 1 2 City Government 1 3 4 3 1 4 Wrecker Emergency Management 6 3 9 3 5 8 Transportation Agency 10 2 12 8 4 12 Agricultural Agency 0 0 0 0 0 0 City Government 0 4 4 2 2 4 Water Emergency Management 13 3 16 8 7 15 Transportation Agency 2 1 3 3 0 3 Agricultural Agency 0 0 0 0 0 0 City Government 1 2 3 2 1 3 Food Emergency Management 13 3 16 8 7 15 Transportation Agency 0 1 1 1 0 1 Agricultural Agency 1 0 1 1 0 1 City Government 1 2 3 2 1 3 Other: Medical response; food and water provided by the Red Cross  Question 11: Is your agency’s plan part of a broader regional or statewide evacuation plan? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Regional 11 5 16 8 8 16 Statewide 22 3 25 14 11 25 Single Jurisdiction 2 1 3 1 2 3 Total 35 9 44 23 21 44 n = 39

114 Question 12: Does your plan include a Phased Evacuation? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 18 7 25 14 11 25 No 11 2 13 7 6 13 Total 29 9 38 21 17 38 n = 38 Question 13: Does your plan include contraflow operations? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Lead Elected Official 7 3 10 5 5 10 EMA Director 4 0 4 3 1 4 Lead DOT Official 3 3 6 4 2 6 Lead Law Enforcement Official 3 2 5 2 3 5 Adjutant General 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 17 8 25 14 11 25 n = 25 Others: Unified Commander, incident commander Question 13a: How much time is required to implement contraflow from the time the decision is made until it is ready to be executed? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total 1-4 hours 2 2 4 2 2 4 4-8 hours 7 1 8 3 5 8 8-12 hours 0 1 1 0 1 1 12-24 hours 1 1 2 2 0 2 24+ hours 1 0 1 1 0 1 Total 11 5 16 8 8 16 n = 16 Question 13b: What are your jurisdiction’s criteria for the termination of contraflow? Observation of diminished traffic volume; terminated by neighboring state since contraflow traffic enters from that state; onset of tropical storm force winds, and onset of darkness after sunset.

115 Question 14: What barriers/obstacles to coordination and planning has your agency encountered? Coordination with various other state agencies, including the Governor's Office, county governments; the lack of a joint operations command capability; staff availability; lack of local evacuation planning; lack of funding to develop detailed plans; need to coordinate multiple law enforcement and transportation jurisdictions and districts; transportation assets for special needs and medical patients; evacuee apathy; lack of integrated state/local plans, lack of experience; lack of leadership from lead evacuation agency (DOT); and no guidelines/standards. Question 15: Has your jurisdiction identified all resources using the FEMA Typed Resource Definitions? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 13 4 17 9 8 17 No 14 5 19 11 8 19 Total 27 9 36 20 16 36 n = 36 Question 15a: Has your transportation agency Typed all of your available resources? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 12 2 14 9 5 14 No 15 6 21 11 10 21 Total 27 8 35 20 15 35 n = 35 Question 16: Is your jurisdiction using a software system to manage your resources? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 23 6 29 14 15 29 No 6 3 9 8 1 9 Total 29 9 38 22 16 38 n = 38

116 Question 16a: If yes, which software system? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total IRIS 1 0 1 1 0 1 WebEOC 11 3 14 5 9 14 E-Team 4 3 7 2 5 7 RIMS 2 0 2 2 0 2 Total 18 6 24 10 14 24 n = 24 Other: SAP, MMS, in-development, custom system, DLAN, Maximo, and PeopleSoft Question 17: Please identify what types of transportation resources are currently available for emergency evacuation (Example are transit buses, school buses, barricades, electronic road signs): Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total VMS/CMS 23 5 28 18 10 28 Arrow Boards 2 0 2 2 0 2 Barricades 18 2 20 11 9 20 Moveable Barriers 4 1 5 5 0 5 Agency Vehicles Fleet 7 2 9 6 3 9 School Buses 15 5 20 10 10 20 Transit Buses 15 9 24 12 12 24 SART vehicles 1 0 1 1 0 1 HAR 7 0 7 6 1 7 Route patrol crews 5 1 6 4 2 6 511 3 0 3 2 1 3 Traffic control crews 1 0 1 1 0 1 Most critical: Buses; CMS; all; traffic control crews; communication, corridor coalitions; signage; 511; busses; ambulance, airplanes/helicopters; trains; boats; manpower; military vehicles; tow trucks; subway; paratransit, TMC; Reverse 911; light rail

117 Question 17a: Do you think your plan and available resources for evacuations are adequate to support a large scale evacuation of your jurisdiction? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 12 4 16 10 6 16 No 14 5 19 8 11 19 Total 26 9 35 18 17 35 n = 35 If no, what other additional resources or support is required? Tow trucks; law enforcement and EMA support; ambulances and litter equipped; busses; manpower and funding; regional coordination; public education/awareness; a reentry plan; special needs; additional drivers; refueling stations; MOU's w/private contractors; more trained people; and better cooperation across various levels of government Question 18: Does your jurisdiction conduct exercises on evacuations? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 26 7 33 19 14 33 No 4 0 4 3 1 4 Total 30 7 37 22 15 37 n = 37 Question 18a: Is your transportation agency included in the exercises? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 24 9 33 17 16 33 No 1 0 1 1 0 1 Total 25 9 34 18 16 34 n = 34 Question 18b: Do your exercises follow the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 26 6 32 17 15 32 No 1 2 3 2 1 3 Total 27 8 35 19 16 35 n = 35

118 Question 18c: Are transportation agencies reimbursed for expenses incurred from participating in the exercise? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 15 4 19 7 12 19 No 20 5 25 13 12 25 Total 35 9 44 20 24 44 n = 44 Question 19: Does your agency have criteria for defining a “successful” evacuation of your jurisdiction? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 10 4 14 8 6 14 No 18 4 22 11 11 22 Total 28 8 36 19 17 36 n = 36 Question 19a: If yes, what is the criterion/criteria: (Select all that apply) Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Total # of Evacuees 7 2 9 3 6 9 No Fatalities or Injuries 6 2 8 6 2 8 Reduced Travel Times 5 1 6 3 3 6 High Travel Speeds 1 0 1 1 0 1 Positive Public/Media Feedback 5 3 8 6 2 8 Effective Communications 6 4 10 6 4 10 Other: Deployment time for C/F

119 Section 2: Direction and Control Question 20: Who is responsible for making the decision that a large scale evacuation order will be given for your jurisdiction? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Chief Elected Official (usually local) 17 4 21 13 8 21 Unified Command 4 4 8 3 5 8 DOT Director Single Agency 0 0 0 0 0 0 Unified Command Advises Governor. 7 1 8 5 3 8 Total 28 9 37 21 16 37 n = 37 Question 20a: Once an Evacuation Order has been issued, who is responsible for overall execution of the order? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Emergency Management Agency 18 3 21 14 7 21 Transportation Agency 6 0 6 5 1 6 Law Enforcement 11 4 15 7 8 15 National Guard 4 0 4 3 1 4 Unified Command 4 2 6 2 4 6 Total 43 9 52 31 21 52 Question 21: What is the role of the transportation agency in your Emergency Operations Plan? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Official & in plan 26 8 34 20 14 34 Ad hoc / Unofficial 1 1 2 0 2 2 Total 27 9 36 20 16 36 n = 36

120 Question 22: Are contracts currently in place to assist with evacuations? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 12 4 16 9 7 16 No 16 4 20 11 9 20 Total 28 8 36 20 16 36 n = 36 Question 22a: If yes, who is responsible for managing the contract? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Transportation Agency 7 2 9 5 4 9 Emergency Management Agency 0 1 1 1 0 1 Other Administrative Agency 3 2 5 2 3 5 Total 10 5 15 8 7 15 n = 15 Other: Transit Authority Question 23: Does your jurisdiction have a timeline / decision matrix for committing resources and calling for evacuations? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Committing Resources 9 4 13 7 6 13 Calling for Evacuations 9 4 13 7 6 13 Total 18 8 26 14 12 26 n = 31

121 Question 24: One of the complex problems facing emergency management agencies is the fluid activity of sheltering and changing sheltering capacity. Does your plan allow for in vehicle communications with buses moving transportation dependent citizens once they are en route to a shelter? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 8 5 13 6 7 13 No 17 3 20 12 8 20 Total 25 8 33 18 15 33 n = 33 Question 25: Has your jurisdiction conducted a large scale evacuation (50,000 or more citizens) within the last: (Select all that apply) Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total 1-2 Years 2 2 4 0 4 4 3-4 Years 7 2 9 4 5 9 5-6 Years 6 0 6 2 4 6 Total 15 4 19 6 13 19 Hazard: Tropical Storm Isabel, Hurricane Katrina, Hurricane Rita, and wildfires in 2006 and 2007 Question 26: Has your jurisdiction conducted a large scale evacuation (50,000 or more citizens) within the last: (Select all that apply) Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total 1-2 Years 9 2 11 8 3 11 3-4 Years 13 3 16 9 7 16 5-6 Years 10 1 11 8 3 11 Total 32 6 38 25 13 38

122 Section 3: Evacuee and Mode Characterization Question 27: Does your plan address evacuating citizens with Special Needs? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 18 8 26 11 15 26 No 9 1 10 8 2 10 Total 27 9 36 19 17 36 n = 36 Question 27a: If yes, please identify which groups your plan addresses: (Select all that apply) Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Frail Elderly 16 7 23 10 13 23 Nursing Homes 13 7 20 9 11 20 Citizens using Home Health 13 6 19 10 9 19 Hospitals 13 5 18 8 10 18 Tourists 7 4 11 4 7 11 Citizens without transportation 13 8 21 8 13 21 Homeless 3 4 7 3 4 7 Persons with Disabilities 15 8 23 9 14 13 Assisted Living Facilities 11 7 18 7 11 18 Other: Schools, prisoners, unaccompanied minors, protected populations, other disabled persons Question 27b: What % of your jurisdiction’s population would you estimate to be considered Special Needs? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total 1% - 5% 2 0 2 2 1 3 6% - 10% 8 0 8 7 2 9 11% - 15% 3 2 5 1 3 4 16% - 20% 2 1 3 0 3 3 Greater than 20% 4 4 8 2 6 8 Total 19 7 26 12 14 26

123 Question 28: Does your plan allow citizens with Special Needs to register for assistance prior to an evacuation being ordered? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 13 5 18 6 12 18 No 9 3 12 9 3 12 Total 22 8 30 15 15 30 n = 36 Method: Public health agency registries, self-registration system, local registration; 211, 311, and 911 systems; nuclear plant registration; webpage; phone/mail-in; Internet, fire department Question 28a: If yes, what percentage of the total special needs population in your jurisdiction, do you estimate registers? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total 1% - 10% 8  1  9 3  6  9 11% - 20% 1  2  3 0  3  3 21% - 30% 1  1  2 1  1  2 31% - 40% 1  0  1 0  1  1 Greater than 41% 1  0  1 0  1  1 Total 12 4 16 4 12 16 n=16 Question 28b: What role does your transportation agency have with evacuating individuals with Special Needs? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Picking up and Transportation 4 5 9 4 5 9 Registration 0 1 1 0 1 1 Managing Special Needs 0 2 2 0 2 2 Total 4 8 12 4 8 12 n=12 Other: Driving busses

124 Question 28c: Does your plan allow citizens with Special Needs to register for assistance prior to an evacuation being ordered? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 5 6 11 3 8 11 No 16 1 17 10 7 17 Total 21 7 28 13 15 28 n = 28 Question 29: Does your plan have a City Assisted Evacuation Component (citizens without transportation)? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 6 6 12 8 4 12 No 14 3 17 6 11 17 Total 20 9 29 14 15 29 n = 29 Question 29a: If yes, does your plan call for multiple pick up points for citizens to report to that do not have the necessary means to evacuate themselves? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 7 6 13 8 5 13 No 5 1 6 1 5 6 Total 12 7 19 9 10 19 n = 19 Question 29b: If yes to either question, does your plan utilize a central location that serves as an evacuation center to manage your City Assisted Evacuation Component? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 4 3 7 3 4 7 No 6 5 11 5 6 11 Total 10 8 18 8 10 18 n = 18

125 Section 4: Communications and Public Information Question 30: What information and data is collected from the evacuation event? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Travel Time 12 2 14 9 5 14 Origin-Destination Data 11 5 16 7 9 16 Time of Departure/Arrival 8 2 10 8 2 10 Speed 10 1 11 8 3 11 Volume 12 1 13 9 4 13 Congestion/Delay 12 3 15 11 4 15 Number of People Evacuated 15 5 20 8 12 20 Other: None Question 31: What systems / methods does your agency use to collect data and or monitor evacuation processes? (Select all that apply) Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Video Surveillance 17 5 22 14 8 22 Vehicle Detection 12 0 12 10 2 12 Automatic Vehicle Locating 4 2 6 3 3 6 Field Observation 21 8 29 15 14 29 Other: None Question 32: How is information communicated from the evacuation location to the State Emergency Operations Center? Select all that apply: Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Analog Radio 14 4 18 10 8 18 Digital Radio 18 4 22 13 9 22 Land Telephone 23 8 31 16 15 31 Electronic Reports 18 8 26 13 13 26 Text Messaging 9 4 13 8 5 13 Video Streaming 8 2 10 6 4 10 P25 Radio System 9 1 10 6 4 10 Email (Blackberry) 18 6 24 13 11 24 Cell Phone 24 6 30 18 12 30 EOC Software 20 5 25 14 11 25 Other: Satellite phone/radio; Chart workstation; amateur radio

126 Question 33: Does your jurisdiction have redundant communication systems in place to ensure multiple modes of communications are in place? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 28 9 37 20 17 37 No 1 0 1 1 0 2 Total 29 9 38 21 17 38 n = 38 Question 34: How are local communications being maintained with multiple agencies that are responsible for executing the evacuation process? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Analog Radio 17 3 20 11 9 20 Digital Radio 22 6 28 14 14 28 Land Telephone 3 1 4 4 0 4 Electronic Reports 14 3 17 9 7 17 Text Messaging 11 2 13 9 5 13 Video Streaming 3 1 4 4 0 4 Email (Blackberry) 10 4 14 8 6 14 Cell Phone 21 6 27 15 11 27 EOC Software 14 3 17 12 5 17 Other: Website, conference calls Question 35: Does your transportation agency have adequate communications to communicate directly with law enforcement, emergency management and National Guard personnel? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Yes 20 6 26 14 12 26 No 8 1 9 6 3 9 Total 28 7 35 20 15 35 n = 35

127 Question 36: Does you jurisdiction have a public awareness campaign in which evacuation information is published and distributed to the citizenry? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Hurricanes 8 6 14 7 7 14 Tornados 7 4 11 6 5 11 Wildfires 5 5 10 4 6 10 Floods 11 6 17 7 10 17 Fires 7 5 12 6 6 12 Chemical 10 6 16 7 9 16 Radiological Release 14 5 19 9 10 19 Dam/Levee Failure 8 6 14 7 7 14 Tsunami 2 2 4 3 1 4 Hurricanes 8 6 14 7 7 14 Other: Earthquake, winter storm, heat wave, tsunami, shelter in place is preferred for all hazards Public awareness efforts: Brochures ; public information campaigns; news releases, website,  citizen corps, 511, public radio; local presentations  Question 37: How are evacuation warnings and evacuation related public information provided to the public and special facilities? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Media/TV 23 9 32 16 16 32 Media/Radio 24 8 32 17 15 32 Media/Print 15 4 19 10 9 19 Emergency Alert System 22 9 31 14 17 31 Text Messaging 7 3 10 6 4 10 Government Radio (including HAR) 6 3 9 6 3 9 Reverse 911 10 7 17 7 10 17 Loud Speakers 9 4 13 5 8 13 Sirens 11 5 16 6 10 16 Knocking on Doors 10 7 17 8 9 17 Other: All hazard radio, website, VMS   

128 Question 38: What public information and communication structures does your agency currently have in place to notify the public? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Emergency Alert System 18 8 26 9 17 26 Text Messaging 7 4 11 6 5 11 Government Radio (including HAR) 11 2 13 9 4 13 Reverse 911 7 5 12 2 10 12 Sirens 7 3 10 3 7 10 Other: All hazard radio, website, 511 system, DMS/CMS, media releases       Section 5: Reentry Question 39: Who is the lead agency in planning for re-entry? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Emergency Management Agency 18 4 22 16 6 22 Transportation Agency 2 0 2 1 1 2 Law Enforcement 5 4 9 3 6 9 National Guard 1 0 1 1 0 1 Other – Unified Command 2 2 4 2 2 4 Total 28 10 38 23 15 38 n=38     Question 40: Who is the lead agency in executing the re-entry plan once the hazard has passed?  Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Emergency Management Agency 19 1 20 15 5 20 Transportation Agency 0 1 1 1 0 1 Law Enforcement 4 5 9 2 7 9 National Guard 1 0 1 1 0 1 Total 24 7 31 19 12 31 n=31        

129 Question 41: What is your transportation agency’s role in preparing for reentry? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Road Inspections/Assessments 29 5 34 19 15 34 Traffic Management 22 6 28 19 9 28 Debris Removal 27 4 31 18 13 31 Restoration of Traffic Control 22 6 28 18 10 28   Question 42: If your transportation agency is not responsible for validating the safety of roads, who is? Law Enforcement, Department of Health, private contractors   Question 43: Does your re-entry plan include considerations for the following for re-entry? Response Options State- level Agencies Local- level Agencies Total TransportationAgencies Emergency Management Agencies Total Credentialing/Placards 4 2 6 2 4 6 Tiered Reentry 8 4 12 3 9 12 "Look and Leave" 3 1 4 1 3 4 Total 15 7 22 6 16 22