Guidelines for Providing Access to Public Transportation Stations (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 33-43
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From page 33... ...
Finally, it suggests station access policy guidelines based on the typology and characteristics of each access mode. General Considerations Passenger access to rapid transit stations can be provided by several modes.
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Conceptual illustration of density's effect on access mode choice.
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A suggested station access typology is shown in Exhibit 4-3. This classification system applies to stations along commuter rail, heavy rail, light rail, and BRT lines.
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Low 0-2 10-20 miles Employer shuttles, limited bus connections Isolated, difficult connections Suburban Employment Center Low 1 – 3 5-15 miles Some local bus connections, employer shuttles Poor connectivity, highvolume roadways Suburban Retail Center Low 1 – 3 5-15 miles Some local bus connections Poor connectivity, highvolume roadways Intermodal Transit Center LowMedium 1-3 5-15 miles Intermodal facility/transit hub Good connections between systems; isolated Freeway/ Highway Park & Ride Low 0-2 15-40 miles Employer shuttles, limited bus connections Isolated, difficult connections Busway Varies Varies 10 – 30 miles Subregional hub High-volume roadways, difficult connections Special Event/ Campus LowMedium 1 – 3 Varies Some local bus connections Limited connectivity with emphasis on special facility Shuttle Station Low 0-2 15 – 40 miles Employer, airport, special event shuttles Isolated, difficult connections Satellite City Low-Medium 1-3 >30 miles Subregional hub High-quality network; good connectivity Legacy Low 0-2 Varies Limited connections Isolated, difficult connections Exhibit 4-3. Station access typology.
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East Liberty (Port Authority) Heavy Rail Light Rail BRT Residential, neighborhood retail, limited office Access No/limited offstreet parking Kingsbridge Road (NYCT)
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(%) Urban Commercial 82 1 10 2 5 High-Density Urban Neighborhood 72 2 14 4 10 Medium-Density Urban Neighborhood 80 1 9 4 7 Urban Neighborhood with Parking 35 3 21 10 31 Historic Transit Village 25 1 3 17 53 Suburban TOD 32 2 13 14 39 Suburban Village Center 30 2 16 12 40 Suburban Neighborhood 29 1 11 13 46 Suburban Freeway 10 1 12 12 65 Suburban Employment Center 29 3 25 9 36 Suburban Retail Center 30 2 19 11 39 Intermodal Transit Center 27 1 36 6 30 Special Event/Campus 55 2 24 6 13 Satellite City 7 6 12 16 59 Exhibit 4-4.
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Drove Alone 35 40 29 Carpooled - 5 1 Dropped Off 5 5 9 Subtotal Auto 40 50 39 Bus 29 21 22 Walked 28 25 33 Bicycled 3 1 1 Other 0 3 5a Total 100% 100% 100% a 4% commuter rail Source: Denver RTD and WMATA Exhibit 4-5. Weekday station access modes in Denver and Washington, D.C.
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: Orange Line Oak Grove Suburban Neighborhood 4,970 31 2 22 26 19 0 Sullivan Square Intermodal Transit Center 6,070 28 0 53 16 3 0 Downtown Crossing CBD 3,410 88 0 14 2 2 0 Chinatown Special Urban 1,810 83 1 11 2 1 2 Back Bay Urban 3,140 45 0 53 0 0 2 Massachusetts Ave Urban-High Density 2,720 87 2 9 1 0 1 Ruggles Urban 4,410 54 0 42 4 0 0 Stony Brook Special Urban 2,380 94 0 0 3 3 0 Forest Hills Intermodal Transit Center 10,480 31 0 51 13 5 0 Boston (MBTA) : Red Line Alewife Suburban Employment Center 7,570 27 6 24 36 7 0 Harvard Square High-Density Urban Neighborhood 10,210 49 1 48 2 1 0 Central Square Urban Commercial 7,860 84 1 12 3 1 0 Downtown Crossing CBD - 86 0 13 0 0 1 Andrew High-Density Urban Neighborhood 3,670 66 1 23 6 4 0 JFK/ UMass Special Event/Campus 4,280 51 0 37 7 5 0 Quincy Center Suburban Neighborhood 5,930 42 1 31 17 9 0 Quincy Adams Suburban Freeway 3,180 8 0 3 78 11 0 Braintree Suburban Terminal 3,040 13 0 9 52 25 0 Ashmont Urban Terminal 4,590 55 0 29 10 6 0 - Indicates data not available Source: BART, MBTA Exhibit 4-6.
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Hatfield Government Center Suburban Village Center 640 34 0 30 29 7 0 Hillsboro Central TC Suburban Village Center 900 58 0 27 7 8 0 Willow Creek Transit Center Intermodal Transit Center 780 18 0 41 36 5 0 Beaverton Transit Center Suburban Retail Center 3,860 58 0 25 8 9 0 Pioneer Square South Urban Commercial 11,490 86 0 13 1 0 0 Old Town/ Chinatown Urban Commercial 2,350 87 0 7 5 1 0 Lloyd Center/NE 11th Ave Urban Commercial 2,840 70 0 16 13 1 0 Gateway/NE 99th Ave TC Intermodal Transit Center 4,640 15 0 44 38 3 0 E 162nd Ave Medium-Density Urban Neighborhood 940 70 0 10 8 12 0 Gresham Transit Center Suburban Village Center 2,200 37 0 34 22 7 0 Portland Int'l Airport Special Event/ Campus 2,040 89 0 6 2 3 0 - Indicates data not available Source: NJ Transit, TriMet Exhibit 4-7. Examples of station boardings and arrival modes (light rail transit)
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1995 75.0 4.1 79.1 Pittsburgh, PA 2,360,000 PAT LRT 199697 36.5 1.1 8.0 45.6 PAT Bus incl. busway 199697 7.7 0.2 2.9 10.8 Portland, ORWA 2,260,000 Trimet LRT 199798 25.9 1.1 6.1 33.1 SacramentoYolo, CA 1,800,000 RT LRT 199697 22.5 0.5 5.1 28.1 Buffalo, NY 1,170,000 NFTA LRT 199798 17.7 1.0 2.0 20.7 Note: Sources: Adapted from TCRP Report 95 (2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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Parking charges can cover some or all parking operating costs, depending on demand and market factors. Transit agencies should consider the following guidelines in establishing station access policy: • All modes should be considered, as most stations will have at least some arrivals by each access mode.
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