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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate (2005)

Chapter: Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998

« Previous: Appendix D: U.S. Dietary Intake Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988–1994
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

E
U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998

TABLE E-1 Mean and Selected Percentiles for Daily Intake of Total Water (g): United States, CSFII, 1994–1996, 1998

Sex/Age Categorya

n

Mean

Percentile

1st

5th

10th

Both sexes, 0–6 mo

595

1,007

425

544

655

Both sexes, 7–12 mo

526

1,259

560

751

836

Both sexes, 1–3 y

3,897

1,355

457

655

765

Both sexes, 4–8 y

3,857

1,561

531

766

904

M, 9–13 y

586

2,037

686

942

1,103

M, 14–18 y

471

2,791

695

1,070

1,308

M, 19–30 y

915

3,361

767

1,275

1,558

M, 31–50 y

1,800

3,189

937

1,392

1,652

M, 51–70 y

1,674

2,883

900

1,267

1,539

M, 71+ y

715

2,449

768

1,100

1,351

F, 9–13 y

597

1,744

584

818

964

F, 14–18 y

447

2,021

591

821

997

F, 19–30 y

805

2,367

653

933

1,188

F, 31–50 y

1,686

2,475

705

1,088

1,270

F, 51–70 y

1,600

2,457

834

1,161

1,375

F, 71+ y

667

2,166

784

1,022

1,259

P/L

124

2,775

781

1,049

1,305

All individuals

20,838

2,486

649

953

1,151

All individuals (+P/L)

20,962

2,489

650

954

1,151

a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and/or lactating.

NOTE: Total water intake reflects the sum of plain drinking water and the water content of all foods and beverages consumed.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

25th

50th

75th

90th

95th

99th

785

947

1,157

1,433

1,661

2,139

995

1,182

1,466

1,764

1,939

2,520

984

1,279

1,627

2,016

2,289

3,096

1,138

1,454

1,825

2,373

2,737

3,577

1,417

1,900

2,439

3,099

3,806

5,042

1,778

2,439

3,316

4,467

5,532

8,526

2,127

2,948

3,976

5,699

7,017

11,319

2,169

2,835

3,836

5,032

6,011

9,024

2,057

2,641

3,460

4,380

5,178

7,800

1,827

2,325

2,980

3,585

3,951

5,056

1,229

1,608

2,121

2,660

3,130

4,486

1,368

1,846

2,374

3,119

4,008

5,663

1,548

2,129

2,795

3,862

4,576

6,984

1,702

2,257

2,946

3,826

4,507

6,605

1,819

2,310

2,908

3,637

4,273

5,634

1,567

2,062

2,628

3,229

3,706

5,137

1,909

2,682

3,497

4,269

4,974

6,861

1,574

2,210

3,025

4,050

4,950

7,444

1,576

2,213

3,035

4,057

4,950

7,440

DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996, 1998.

SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation (2002).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

TABLE E-2 Mean and Selected Percentiles for Daily Intake of Drinking Water (g): United States, CSFII, 1994–1996, 1998

Sex/Age Categorya

n

Mean

Percentile

1st

5th

10th

Both sexes, 0–6 mo

595

53

0

0

0

Both sexes, 7–12 mo

526

113

0

0

0

Both sexes, 1–3 y

3,897

281

0

0

0

Both sexes, 4–8 y

3,857

422

0

0

0

M, 9–13 y

586

602

0

0

0

M, 14–18 y

471

854

0

0

0

M, 19–30 y

915

1,052

0

0

0

M, 31–50 y

1,800

890

0

0

0

M, 51–70 y

1,674

825

0

0

0

M, 71+ y

715

798

0

0

0

F, 9–13 y

597

509

0

0

0

F, 14–18 y

447

679

0

0

0

F, 19–30 y

805

777

0

0

0

F, 31–50 y

1,686

799

0

0

0

F, 51–70 y

1,600

841

0

0

89

F, 71+ y

667

814

0

0

177

P/L

124

1,015

0

0

0

All individuals

20,838

759

0

0

0

All individuals (+P/L)

20,962

762

0

0

0

a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and/or lactating.

NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a 24-hour dietary recall on Day 1 and provided a valid response to the question “How many fluid ounces of plain drinking water, that is, tap water or any bottled water that is not carbonated, with nothing added to it, did you drink yesterday?”

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

25th

50th

75th

90th

95th

99th

0

0

59

177

237

473

0

30

148

355

473

946

59

237

414

710

887

1,419

118

296

532

946

1,183

1,892

237

473

946

1,419

1,892

2,602

237

473

946

1,892

2,366

5,677

237

710

1,419

2,366

3,548

7,570

237

591

1,183

1,892

2,366

4,731

237

710

1,183

1,892

2,070

3,785

296

710

1,065

1,892

1,892

2,839

148

355

710

1,183

1,508

2,898

177

473

946

1,479

1,892

3,785

177

473

946

1,892

2,366

4,731

237

532

1,065

1,892

2,247

3,785

296

710

1,183

1,892

1,892

3,785

473

710

1,035

1,656

1,892

2,839

237

946

1,892

2,129

2,691

3,548

237

473

946

1,892

2,129

3,785

237

473

946

1,892

2,129

3,785

DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996, 1998.

SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation (2002).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

TABLE E-3 Mean and Selected Percentiles for Daily Intake of Drinking and Beverage Water (g): United States, CSFII, 1994–1996, 1998

Sex/Age Categorya

n

Mean

Percentile

1st

5th

10th

Both sexes, 0–6 mo

595

927

320

488

568

Both sexes, 7–12 mo

526

935

291

423

535

Both sexes, 1–3 y

3,897

930

219

336

442

Both sexes, 4–8 y

3,857

1,050

221

400

505

M, 9–13 y

586

1,439

296

491

665

M, 14–18 y

471

2,105

321

660

795

M, 19–30 y

915

2,650

442

798

1,022

M, 31–50 y

1,800

2,441

470

828

1,019

M, 51–70 y

1,674

2,129

435

727

995

M, 71+ y

715

1,712

397

665

819

F, 9–13 y

597

1,232

318

451

571

F, 14–18 y

447

1,502

286

458

659

F, 19–30 y

805

1,850

330

567

757

F, 31–50 y

1,686

1,919

429

679

823

F, 51–70 y

1,600

1,847

354

713

884

F, 71+ y

667

1,564

341

636

788

P/L

124

2,083

443

654

872

All individuals

20,838

1,871

326

566

710

All individuals (+P/L)

20,962

1,874

327

566

710

a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and/or lactating.

NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a 24-h dietary recall on Day 1 and provided a valid response to the question “How many fluid ounces of plain drinking water, that is, tap water or any bottled water that is not carbonated, with nothing added to it, did you drink yesterday?”

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

25th

50th

75th

90th

95th

99th

726

858

1,072

1,352

1,553

2,139

671

881

1,136

1,418

1,599

2,199

625

858

1,149

1,475

1,748

2,430

683

946

1,289

1,641

2,002

2,827

915

1,335

1,764

2,378

2,765

3,852

1,230

1,716

2,554

3,619

4,678

7,530

1,504

2,194

3,243

4,883

6,181

10,614

1,516

2,101

3,016

4,203

5,188

8,224

1,358

1,858

2,580

3,529

4,214

6,812

1,166

1,621

2,129

2,676

3,050

4,267

774

1,070

1,547

2,062

2,465

4,004

931

1,354

1,838

2,515

2,956

4,264

1,079

1,595

2,261

3,190

4,007

6,370

1,186

1,730

2,328

3,175

3,824

5,900

1,240

1,655

2,241

2,961

3,528

4,975

1,065

1,418

1,940

2,533

2,839

3,785

1,190

1,829

2,668

3,626

4,406

6,195

1,057

1,593

2,308

3,273

4,132

6,637

1,060

1,595

2,311

3,281

4,132

6,613

DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996, 1998.

SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation (2002).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

TABLE E-4 Mean and Selected Percentiles for Daily Intake of Food Water (g): United States, CSFII, 1994–1996, 1998

Sex/Age Categorya

n

Mean

Percentile

1st

5th

10th

Both sexes, 0–6 mo

595

80

0

0

0

Both sexes, 7–12 mo

526

324

0

36

85

Both sexes, 1–3 y

3,897

424

54

124

173

Both sexes, 4–8 y

3,857

511

87

163

214

M, 9–13 y

586

598

92

178

235

M, 14–18 y

471

686

90

184

245

M, 19–30 y

915

711

94

194

270

M, 31–50 y

1,800

748

92

212

295

M, 51–70 y

1,674

755

102

237

314

M, 71+ y

715

737

81

233

306

F, 9–13 y

597

512

89

148

200

F, 14–18 y

447

519

47

121

172

F, 19–30 y

805

517

55

134

171

F, 31–50 y

1,686

556

49

140

195

F, 51–70 y

1,600

610

99

178

251

F, 71+ y

667

602

69

188

262

P/L

124

692

108

219

262

All individuals

20,838

614

51

158

221

All individuals (+P/L)

20,962

615

52

158

222

a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and/or lactating.

NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided a 24-h dietary recall on Day 1.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

25th

50th

75th

90th

95th

99th

0

0

146

254

319

482

190

306

445

582

637

879

262

387

548

727

840

1,112

324

461

644

847

1,006

1,360

365

520

772

1,076

1,199

1,592

366

582

886

1,269

1,565

2,064

396

642

915

1,300

1,498

1,913

450

660

970

1,325

1,520

2,196

477

703

969

1,251

1,466

1,850

469

671

920

1,263

1,508

1,789

314

458

636

854

1,054

1,691

283

476

684

892

1,097

1,467

292

459

662

926

1,106

1,559

323

508

731

959

1,154

1,561

385

564

786

1,023

1,159

1,443

380

555

758

996

1,173

1,565

431

665

852

1,177

1,403

1,757

354

545

792

1,084

1,309

1,811

355

547

794

1,086

1,311

1,810

DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996, 1998.

SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation (2002).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×

TABLE E-5 Mean Daily Intake of Sodium, Potassium, and Total Water from Weaning Foods by Breastfeeding Infants: United States, CSFII, 1994–1996, 1998

Age Category

n

Sodium (mg)

Potassium (mg)

Water (g)

7–12 mo

51

287

442

324

Standard error

 

61.3

42.8

34.5

NOTE: Sample population includes breastfeeding infants with two 24-hour diet recalls; infants consuming more than 62 g (approximately 1/4 cup) fluid milk and/or infant formula on either of the survey days were not included in the analyses. Means and standard errors were calculated with WesVar Complex Samples 3.0. Total water intake reflects the sum of plain drinking water and the water content of all foods and beverages consumed. Data on plain drinking water intake was provided by a proxy in response to the question “How many fluid ounces of plain drinking water, that is, tap water or any bottled water that is not carbonated, with nothing added to it, did you drink yesterday?”

DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996, 1998.

SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation (2002).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 518
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 519
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 520
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 521
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 522
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 523
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 524
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 525
Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: U.S. Dietary Intake Data for Water and Weaning Foods from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals, 1994–1996, 1998." Institute of Medicine. 2005. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10925.
×
Page 526
Next: Appendix F: Canadian Dietary Intake Data for Adults from Ten Provinces, 1990–1997 »
Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate Get This Book
×

Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people. This new report, the sixth in a series of reports presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients by Americans and Canadians, establishes nutrient recommendations on water, potassium, and salt for health maintenance and the reduction of chronic disease risk. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate discusses in detail the role of water, potassium, salt, chloride, and sulfate in human physiology and health. The major findings in this book include the establishment of Adequate Intakes for total water (drinking water, beverages, and food), potassium, sodium, and chloride and the establishment of Tolerable Upper Intake levels for sodium and chloride. The book makes research recommendations for information needed to advance the understanding of human requirements for water and electrolytes, as well as adverse effects associated with the intake of excessive amounts of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfate. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.

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