Regulations Affecting the Exercise of First Amendment Activities at Airports (2015)

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A-1 APPENDIX A—STATE CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS TABLE Alabama Speech: Freedom of speech and press. See Ala. Const. art. I, § 4. Religion: Religious freedom. See Ala. Const. art. I, § 3. Alabama Religious Free- dom Amendment. See Ala. Const. art. I, § 3.01. Assembly: Right to Peaceably Assemble and Petition for Redress of Grievances. See Ala. Const. art. I, § 25. Alaska Speech: Freedom of Speech. See Alaska Const. art. I, § 5. Religion: Freedom of Religion. See Alaska Const. art. I, § 4. Assembly: Assembly; Petition. See Alaska Const. art. I, § 6. Arizona Speech: Freedom of Speech and Press. See Ariz. Const. art. II, § 6. Religion: Liberty of Conscience, Appropriations for Religious Purposes Prohib- ited; Religious Freedom. See Ariz. Const. art. II, § 12. Toleration of Religious Sen- timent. See Ariz. Const. art. XX, First. Assembly: Right of Petition and of Assembly. See Ariz. Const. art. II, § 5. Arkansas Speech: Freedom of Speech, Press; Criminal Prosecutions for Libel. See Ark. Const. art. II, § 6. Religion: Freedom of Religion. See Ark. Const. art. II, § 24. Religious Freedom Protected. See Ark. Const. art. II, § 25. Assembly: Freedom of Assembly; Petition. See Ark. Const. art. II, § 4. California Speech: Liberty of speech or of the press; responsibility for abuse; right to refuse to disclose source of information by member of news media. See Cal. Const. art. I, § 2. Religion: Religious liberty. See Cal. Const. art. I, § 4. Assembly: Right to instruct representatives, petition, and assembly; right of access to government information. See Cal. Const. art. I, § 3. Colorado Speech: Freedom of speech and press. See Colo. Const. art. II, § 10. Religion: Religious freedom. See Colo. Const. art. II, § 4. Assembly: Right to assemble and petition. See Colo. Const. art. II, § 24.

A-2 Connecticut Speech: Liberty of speech and the press. See Conn. Const. art. 1, § 4. Prohibit- ing laws limiting liberty of speech or press. See Conn. Const. art. 1, § 5. Religion: Right of religious liberty. See Conn. Const. art. 1, § 3. Assembly: Right to assemble and petition. See Conn. Const. art. 1, § 14. Delaware Speech: Freedom of press and speech; evidence in libel prosecutions; jury ques- tions. See Del. Const. art. I, § 5. Religion: Freedom of religion. See Del. Const. art. I, § 1. Assembly: Right of assembly; petition for redress of grievances. See Del. Const. art. I, § 16. Florida Speech: Freedom of speech and press. See Fla. Const. art. I, § 4. Religion: Religious freedom. See Fla. Const. art. I, § 3. Assembly: Right to assemble. See Fla. Const. art. I, § 5. Georgia Speech: Freedom of speech and of the press guaranteed. See Ga. Const. art. I, § 1, ¶ V. Religion: Freedom of conscience. See Ga. Const. art. I, § 1, ¶ III. Religious opin- ions; freedom of religion. See Ga. Const. art. I, § 1, ¶ IV. Separation of church and state. See Ga. Const. art. I, § 2, ¶ VII. Assembly: Right to assemble and petition. See Ga. Const. art. I, § 1, ¶ IX. Hawaii Speech, Religion, and Assembly: Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly and Petition. See Haw. Const. art. I, § 4. Idaho Speech: Freedom of speech. See Idaho Const. art. I, § 9. Religion: Guaranty of religious liberty. See Idaho Const. art. I, § 4. Assembly: Right of assembly. See Idaho Const. art. I, § 10. Illinois Speech: Freedom of Speech. See Illinois Compiled Statutes, Const. art. 1, § 4. Religion: Religious Freedom. See Illinois Compiled Statutes, Const. art. 1, § 3. Assembly: Right to Assemble and Petition. See Illinois Compiled Statutes, Const. art. 1, § 5.

A-3 Indiana Speech: Right to free thought, speech, writing, and printing; abuse of right. Ind. Const. art. I, § 9. Religion: Freedom of religious opinions and rights of conscience. Ind. Const. art. I, § 3. Freedom of religion. Ind. Const. art. I, § 4. Assembly: Right to assemble, to instruct, and to petition. Ind. Const. art. I, § 31. Iowa Speech: Liberty of speech and press. Iowa Const. art. I, § 7. Religion: Religion. Iowa Const. art. I, § 3. Assembly: Right of assemblage—petition. Iowa Const. art. I, § 20. Kansas Speech: Liberty of press and speech; libel. Kan. Const. Bill of Rts. § 11. Religion: Religious liberty; property qualification for public office. Kan. Const. Bill of Rts. § 7. Assembly: Right of peaceable assembly; petition. Kan. Const. Bill of Rts. § 3. Kentucky Speech: Freedom of speech and of the press. Ky. Const. § 8. Religion: Right of religious freedom. Ky. Const. § 5. Assembly, Speech, and Religion: Rights of life, liberty, worship, pursuit of safety and happiness, free speech, acquiring and protecting property, peaceable assembly, redress of grievances, bearing arms. Ky. Const. § 1. Louisiana Speech: Freedom of Expression. La. Const. art. I, § 7. Religion: Freedom of Religion. La. Const. art. I, § 8. Assembly: Right of Assembly and Petition. La. Const. art. I, § 9. Maine Speech: Freedom of speech and publication; libel; truth given in evidence; jury determines law and fact. Me. Const. art. I, § 4. Religion: Religious freedom; sects equal; religious tests prohibited; religious teachers. Me. Const. art. I, § 3. Assembly: Right of petition. Me. Const. art. I, § 15. Maryland Speech: Freedom of speech and press. Md. Const. Decl. of Rts., art. 40. Religion: Freedom of religion. Md. Const. Decl. of Rts., art. 36. Assembly: Redress of grievances by petition to legislature. Md. Const. Decl. of Rts., art. 13.

A-4 Massachusetts Speech: Liberty of the press; free speech. Mass. Const. pt. 1, art. XVI. Religion: Right and duty of worship; freedom of religion. Mass. Const. pt. 1, art. II. Assembly: Right of people to assemble peaceably, to instruct representatives, and to petition legislature. Mass. Const. pt. 1, art. XIX. Michigan Speech: Freedom of speech and of press. Mich. Const. art. I, § 5. Religion: Freedom of worship and religious belief; appropriations. Mich. Const. art. I, § 4. Assembly: Assembly, consultation, instruction, petition. Mich. Const. art. I, § 3. Minnesota Speech: Liberty of the press. Minn. Const. art. I, § 3. Religion: Freedom of conscience; no preference to be given to any religious establishment or mode of worship. Minn. Const. art. I, § 16. Assembly: No state provision. Mississippi Speech: Freedom of speech and press; libel. Miss. Const. art. III, § 13. Religion: Freedom of religion. Miss. Const. art. III, § 18. Assembly: Peaceful assemblage; right to petition government. Miss. Const. art. III, § 11. Missouri Speech: Freedom of speech—evidence of truth in defamation actions—province of jury. Mo. Const. art. I, § 8. Religion: Religious freedom—liberty of conscience and belief—limitations. Mo. Const. art. I, § 5. Practice and support of religion not compulsory—contracts therefore enforceable. Mo. Const. art. I, § 6. Public aid for religious purposes— preferences and discriminations on religious grounds. Mo. Const. art. I, § 7. Assembly: Rights of peaceable assembly and petition. Mo. Const. art. I, § 9. Montana Speech: Freedom of speech, expression, and press. Mont. Const. art. II, § 7. Religion: Freedom of religion. Mont. Const. art. II, § 5. Assembly: Freedom of assembly. Mont. Const. art. II, § 6. Nebraska Speech: Freedom of speech and press. Neb. Const. art. I, § 5. Religion: Religious freedom. Neb. Const. art. I, § 4. Assembly: Right of peaceable assembly and to petition government. Neb. Const. art. I, § 19.

A-5 Nevada Speech: Liberty of speech and the press. Nev. Const. art. I, § 9. Religion: Liberty of conscience. Nev. Const. art. I, § 4. Assembly: Right to assemble and to petition. Nev. Const. art. I, § 10. New Hampshire Speech: Free Speech; Liberty of the Press. N.H. Const. pt. 1, art. 22. Religion: Religious Freedom Recognized. N.H. Const. pt. 1, art. 5. Assembly: Rights of Assembly, Instruction, and Petition. N.H. Const. pt. 1, art. 32. New Jersey Speech: Liberty of speech and of the press; libel; province of jury. N.J. Const. art. I, ¶ 6. Religion: Rights of conscience; religious freedom. N.J. Const. art. I, ¶ 3. Assembly: Right of assembly and to petition. N.J. Const. art. I, ¶ 18. New Mexico Speech: Freedom of speech and of the press; libel. N.M. Const. art. II, § 17. Religion: Religious freedom. N.M. Const. art. II, § 11. Assembly: No state provision. New York Speech: Freedom of speech and press; criminal prosecutions for libel. N.Y. Const. art. I, § 8. Religion: Freedom of worship; religious liberty. N.Y. Const. art. I, § 3. Assembly: Right to assemble and petition; judicial divorces; gambling, except pari-mutuel betting, prohibited. N.Y. Const. art. I, § 9. North Carolina Speech: Freedom of speech and press. N.C. Const. art. I, § 14. Religion: Religious liberty. N.C. Const. art. I, § 13. Assembly: Right of assembly and petition. N.C. Const. art. I, § 12. North Dakota Speech: N.D. Const. art. I, § 4. Religion: N.D. Const. art. I, § 3. Assembly: N.D. Const. art. I, § 5. Ohio Speech: Freedom of speech. Ohio Const. art. I, § 11. Religion: Religious freedom; encouraging education. Ohio Const. art. I, § 7. Assembly: Rights of assembly and petition. Ohio Const. art. I, § 3.

A-6 Oklahoma Speech: Liberty of speech and press—Truth as evidence in prosecution for libel. Okla. Const. art. II, § 22. Religion: Public money or property—Use for sectarian purposes. Okla. Const. art. II, § 5. Religious liberty—Polygamous or plural marriages. Okla. Const. art. I, § 2. Assembly: Right of assembly and petition. Okla. Const. art. II, § 3. Oregon Speech: Freedom of speech and press. Or. Const. art. I, § 8. Religion: Freedom of worship. Or. Const. art. I, § 2. Free exercise of religious opinion. Or. Const. art. I, § 3. No money appropriated for religion. Or. Const. art. I, § 5. Assembly: Freedom of assembly; instruction of representatives; application to legislature. Or. Const. art. I, § 26. Pennsylvania Speech: Freedom of press and speech; libels. Pa. Const. art. I, § 7. Religion: Religious freedom. Pa. Const. art. I, § 3. Assembly: Right of petition. Pa. Const. art. 1, § 20. Rhode Island Speech: Freedom of press. R.I. Const. art. I, § 20. Religion: Freedom of religion. R.I. Const. art. I, § 3. Assembly and Speech: Right to assemble—Redress of grievances—Freedom of speech. R.I. Const. art. I, § 21. South Carolina Speech, Religion, and Assembly: Religious freedom; freedom of speech; right of assembly and petition. S.C. Const. art. I, § 2. South Dakota Speech: Freedom of speech—Truth as defense—Jury trial. S.D. Const. art. VI, § 5. Religion: Freedom of religion—Support of religion prohibited. S.D. Const. art. VI, § 3. Assembly: Right of petition and peaceable assembly. S.D. Const. art. VI, § 4.

A-7 Tennessee Speech: Freedom of speech and press; defamation. Tenn. Const. art. I, § 19. Religion: Freedom of worship. Tenn. Const. art. I, § 3. Assembly: Right of assembly; redress of grievances. Tenn. Const. art. I, § 23. Texas Speech: Freedom of speech and press; libel. Tex. Const. art. I, § 8. Religion: Freedom of worship. Tex. Const. art. I, § 6. Assembly: Right of assembly; petition for redress of grievances. Tex. Const. art. I, § 27. Utah Speech: Freedom of speech and of the press—Libel. Utah Const. art. I, § 15. Religion: Religious liberty. Utah Const. art. I, § 4. Assembly, Speech, and Religion: Inherent and inalienable rights. Utah Const. art I, § 1. Vermont Speech: Freedom of speech and of the press. Vt. Const. ch. I, art. 13. Religion: Freedom in religion; right and duty of religious worship. Vt. Const. ch. I, art. 3. Assembly: Right to assemble, instruct, and petition. Vt. Const. ch. I, art. 20. Virginia Speech and Assembly: Freedom of speech and of the press; right peaceably to assemble and to petition. Va. Const. art. I, § 12. Religion: Free exercise of religion; no establishment of religion. Va. Const. art. I, § 16. Washington Speech: Freedom of Speech. Wash. Const. art. I, § 5. Religion: Religious Freedom. Wash. Const. art. I, § 11. Assembly: Right of Petition and Assemblage. Wash. Const. art. I, § 4. West Virginia Speech: Freedom of speech and press guaranteed. W. Va. Const. art. III, § 7. Religion: Religious freedom guaranteed. W. Va. Const. art. III, § 15. Assembly: Right of public assembly held inviolate. W. Va. Const. art. III, § 16.

A-8 Wisconsin Speech: Free speech; libel. Wis. Const. art. I, § 3. Religion: Freedom of worship; liberty of conscience; state religion; public funds. Wis. Const. art. I, § 18. Assembly: Right to assemble and petition. Wis. Const. art. I, § 4. Wyoming Speech: Freedom of speech and press; libel; truth a defense. Wyo. Const. art. I, § 20. Religion: Religious liberty. Wyo. Const. art. I, § 18. Appropriations for sectar- ian or religious societies or institutions prohibited. Wyo. Const. art. I, § 19. Assembly: Right of petition and peaceable assembly. Wyo. Const. art. I, § 21.