Effective Cooperation Among Airports and Local and Regional Emergency Management Agencies for Disaster Preparedness and Response (2014)

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28 GLOSSARY Agency—A division of government with a specific function offering a particular kind of assistance. Airport emergency plan (AEP)—A concise planning doc- ument developed by the airport operator that establishes airport operational procedures and responsibilities during various contingencies. Aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF)—Specialized fire fighters, rescuers, procedures, and equipment to deal with aircraft accidents at an airport. Airport security program—A security program approved by TSA. It describes requirements for security programs, including establishing secured areas, air operations areas, security identification display areas, and access to control systems. ARFF Index—The minimum aircraft rescue and firefighting personnel and equipment required for an airport as deter- mined by the length of the longest air carrier aircraft for which there is an average of five or more daily departures. When there are fewer than five average daily departures of the longest air carrier aircraft serving the airport, the Index required by the airport will be the next lower Index group than the Index group prescribed for the longest aircraft. Continuity of business—Practices that provide the focus and guidance for the decisions and actions necessary for a busi- ness to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, respond to, resume, recover, restore, and transition from a disruptive (crisis) event in a manner consistent with its strategic objectives. Continuity of operations—An effort within an organiza- tion to ensure that its primary mission essential functions continue during a wide range of emergencies, including localized acts of nature, accidents, and technological or attack-related emergencies. Commercial service airport—A public airport receiving scheduled passenger service and having 2,500 or more enplaned passengers per year. Community—A political entity with the authority to adopt and enforce laws and ordinances for the area under its jurisdic- tion. In most cases, the community is an incorporated town, city, township, village, or unincorporated area of a county. However, each state defines its own political subdivisions and forms of government. Disaster—An occurrence of a natural catastrophe, techno- logical accident, or human-caused event that has resulted in severe property damage, multiple injuries, and/or deaths. Drill—A coordinated, supervised activity usually used to test a single specific operation or function in a single agency. Emergency—Any occasion or instance that warrants action to save lives and to protect property, public health, and safety. Emergency Management (EM)—The coordination and integration of all activities necessary to build, sustain, and improve the capabilities to prepare for, respond to, recover from, or mitigate against threatened or actual disasters or emergencies, regardless of cause. Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC)— The congressionally ratified organization that provides a fast and flexible response system through which states send requested personnel and equipment to help disaster relief efforts in other states. Emergency operations center (EOC)—A protected site from which emergency officials coordinate, monitor, and direct response activities during an emergency. Enplanement—The boarding of a revenue passenger at an airport. Exercise—A planned, staged implementation of the critical incident plan to evaluate processes that work and identify those needing improvement. Fixed-base operator—A commercial entity providing aero- nautical services such as fueling, maintenance, storage, ground and flight instruction, etc., to the public. Full-time equivalent employee (FTE)—A measure of work equivalent to one employee who works approximately 2020 hours per year, as compared to a part-time employee. General aviation (GA) airport—An airport that does not meet the criteria for classification as a commercial service airport may be included in the NPIAS as a general aviation airport if they account for enough activity (having usually at least 10 locally based aircraft) and are at least 20 miles from the nearest NPIAS airport. Hub—A very busy commercial service airport. Incident—An occurrence or event, natural or manmade, that requires a response to protect life or property. Incident Command System (ICS)—A standardized organi- zational structure used to command, control, and coordinate the use of resources and personnel that have responded to the scene of an emergency. Incident Commander—The individual responsible for all incident activities, including the development of strategies and tactics and the ordering and the release of resources. Incident Management Team (IMT)—An Incident Com- mander and the appropriate Command and General Staff personnel assigned to an incident; the level of training and experience of the IMT members, coupled with the identi- fied formal response requirements and responsibilities of the IMT, are factors in determining “type,” or level, of IMT. Interoperability—The ability of systems, personnel, and equipment to provide and receive functionality, data, infor- mation and/or services to and from other systems, personnel, and equipment, between both public and private agencies, departments, and other organizations, in a manner enabling them to operate effectively together. Irregular operations (IROPS)—Those actions taken to adjust for and recover from the impacts of disrupted airline schedules such as aircraft accidents, security incidents, crew absences, mechanical failures, and bad weather. Large hub airport—An airport that accounts for at least one percent of total U.S. passenger enplanements.

29 Mass care—The actions taken to protect evacuees and other disaster victims from the effects of a disaster. Medium hub airport—An airport which accounts for between 0.25 percent and 1 percent of total U.S. passenger enplanements. Mutual aid—Reciprocal assistance by emergency services under a predetermined plan. National Incident Management System (NIMS)—A sys- tematic, proactive approach guiding government agen- cies at all levels, the private sector, and nongovernmental organizations to work seamlessly to prepare for, prevent, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of inci- dents, regardless of cause, size, location, or complexity, in order to reduce the loss of life and property and reduce harm to the environment. National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS)—A national airport plan prepared by the FAA in accordance with Section 47103 of Title 49 of the United States Code; the plan includes primary and commercial service airports, all general aviation airports designated as reliever airports by the FAA, and selected general aviation airports. Part 139 airport—An airport that serves scheduled and unscheduled air carrier aircraft with more than 30 seats, serves scheduled air carrier operations in aircraft with more than 9 seats but less than 31 seats, and that the FAA Admin- istrator requires to have a certificate for operation. Primary airport—Public airports receiving scheduled passen- ger service and having more than 10,000 annual passenger enplanements. Non-hub primary airport—An airport that enplanes less than 0.05 percent of all commercial passenger enplanements but has more than 10,000 annual enplanements. Non-primary commercial service airport—A public air- port receiving scheduled passenger service and having 2,500 or more enplaned passengers per year but fewer than 10,000 annual passenger enplanements. Reliever airport—A high-capacity general aviation airport in a major metropolitan area; such airports must have 100 or more based aircraft or 25,000 annual itinerant operations; the FAA officially designates reliever airports. Small hub airport—An airport that enplanes 0.05 percent to 0.25 percent of total U.S. passenger enplanements. Tabletop exercise (TTX)—An activity that involves key per- sonnel discussing simulated scenarios in an informal setting. This type of exercise can be used to assess plans, policies, and procedures; or to assess the systems needed to guide the prevention of, response to, and recovery from a defined inci- dent. TTXs typically are aimed at facilitating understand- ing of concepts, identifying strengths and shortfalls, and achieving changes in attitude. Participants are encouraged to discuss issues in depth and develop decisions through slow- paced problem solving, rather than the rapid, spontaneous decision making that occurs under actual or simulated emer- gency conditions. Unified Command—The Unified Command organization operating within NIMS consists of the Incident Command- ers from the various jurisdictions or organizations operat- ing together to form a single command structure.