Sag Vertical Curve Design Criteria for Headlight Sight Distance (2013)

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92 REFERENCES American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. 2004. A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C. Austroads Guide to Road Design. http://www.austroads.com.au/cms/Guide%20to%20Road%20Design.pdf. (As of August 20, 2010). Blanco, M., J. M. Hankey, and T. A. Dingus. 2005. Enhanced Night Visibility Series, Volume III: Phase II—Study 1: Visual Performance During Nighttime Driving in Clear Weather (Report no. FHWA HRT 04 134). Washington, D.C.: Federal Highway Administration. Carlson, P. J., and H. G. Hawkins, Jr. 2003. Updated minimum retroreflectivity levels for traffic signs. FHWA-RD-03-081, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C. Fambro, D.B., K. Fitzpatrick, and R.J. Koppa. 1997. “Determination of Stopping Sight Distances” NCHRP 400, Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C. Gogula, M. 2006. “The impact of modern headlamps on the design of sag vertical curves”, Masters Thesis, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX. GTB Coordinating Committee. Summary of the GTB Proposal for a Harmonised Passing Beam Specification. 2002. http://213.174.196.126/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gre/greinfdoc/48inf18e.pdf. (As of October 23, 2010). Hawkins, H. G. 2007. “How Modern Headlamp Performance Impacts Sag Vertical Curve Design.” Journal of Transportation Engineering, April, pp. 223-231. Headlamp Aiming Procedure. 2006. Retrieved from http:\\www.solsticeforum.com/forum/attachments/f12/8687d1165372938-headlight-aiming-how- headlamp_aim_procedure.pdf. (As of October 23, 2010). Highways Agency, Scottish Executive Development Department, The National Assembly for Wales Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru and the Department For Regional Development. 2002. Northern Ireland Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, Volume 6, Section 1. http://www.dft.gov.uk/ha/standards/dmrb/vol6/section1/td993.pdf (As as 2012) Krammes, R, and M.A. Graham. 1997. “Worldwide Review of Alignment Design Policies.” Transportation Research Circular Issue Number E-C003, International Symposium on Highway Geometric Design Practices, Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C. Moore, D. W. 1998. Headlamp History and Harmonization. Technical Report No. UMTRI-98- 21. The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI.

93 Ministerio de Fomento, Gobierno de Espana, Direccion Nacional de Carreteras 2011 Series Normativas, Trazado, Instrucción de Carreteras Norma 3.1-IC, 2011 Overseas Road Note 6. A guide to geometric design. 1998. Overseas Unit Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Crowthorne Berkshire, United Kingdom, 35. PIARC. 2003. PIARC Road Safety Manual. PIARC, Paris, France. Schoettle, B., M. Sivak, M.J. Flannagan, and W.J. Kosmatka. 2004. A Market-Weighted Description of Low-Beam Headlighting Patterns in the U.S.: 2004, Technical Report No. UMTRI-2004-23. The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI. Sivak, M. and M.J. Flannagan. 1993. Partial Harmonization of International Standards for Lowbeam Headlighting Patterns (Report No. UMTRI-93-11). The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI. Sivak, M., M.J. Flannagan, and T. Miyokawa. 2000. A First Look at Visually Aimable and Harmonized Low-beam Headlamps (Report No. UMTRI-2000-1). The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI. Sivak, M., M.J. Flannagan, and T. Sato. 1993. Light Output of U.S., European, and Japanese Low-Beam Headlamps. Technical Report No. UMTRI-93-36. The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, MI. Transit New Zealand State Highway Geometric Design Manual. January 2002. Section 5, Vertical Alignment. http://www.nzta.govt.nz/resources/state-highway-geometric-design- manual/docs/shgdm-part-1.pdf (As of September 2010). Whitaker, T. 2007 LED headlamps illuminate the way forward. http://www.coolon.com.au/downloads/headlamps.pdf. (As of August 20, 2010). Wood, J.M., R.A. Tyrrell, and T.P. Carberry. 2002. Pedestrian Visibility at Night: Effects of Pedestrian Clothing, Driver Age, and Headlamp Beam Setting. Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.