Appendices to NCHRP Report 693 (2012)

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Appendix A A-1 Appendix A Region- and State-level Occupational Change Summary: Historical 2005-2010

Appendix A A-2 This appendix first presents the historical occupation data for SOM positions in each of the United States’ four regions, which include the Northeast, Midwest, West, and South. The following table provides an overview of the specific states represented in each regional area. States Included in Each Regional Area Used to Conduct Occupational Analysis Regions State Areas Northeast Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont Midwest Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin West Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming South Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia Following the regional tables are the 50 state tables and the District of Columbia. These tables appear in alphabetical order.

Appendix A A-3 Region-level Occupational Change Summary: Historical 2005–2010

Appendix A A-4 Exhibit A-1 provides the occupational change summary from 2005-2010 for the Northeast region. The Northeast region includes: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Exhibit A-1 NORTHEAST- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 59,523 69,526 10,003 17% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 4,857 5,295 438 9% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 19,054 20,317 1,263 7% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 32,494 34,067 1,573 5% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 72,600 74,177 1,577 2% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 52,111 52,400 289 1% Bachelor's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 36,097 36,541 444 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 9,045 9,050 5 0% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 248,545 247,061 (1,484) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 1,827 1,807 (20) (1%) Short-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 9,014 8,644 (370) (4%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 2,234 2,122 (112) (5%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-2071 Electrical engineers 32,834 31,068 (1,766) (5%) Bachelor's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 18,796 17,713 (1,083) (6%) Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 31,974 29,751 (2,223) (7%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 130,355 115,890 (14,465) (11%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-5 The following table, Exhibit A-2, provides the occupational change summary from 2005-2010 for the Midwest region. The Midwest region includes: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Exhibit A-2 MIDWEST- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 60,617 69,639 9,022 15% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 20,031 21,277 1,246 6% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 7,696 8,169 473 6% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 55,091 56,186 1,095 2% Associate's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 16,859 16,982 123 1% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 50,684 51,192 508 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 63,714 64,007 293 0% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 49,102 49,147 45 0% Bachelor's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 744 738 (6) (1%) Short-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 313,204 300,923 (12,281) (4%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 24,736 23,212 (1,524) (6%) Work experience in a related field 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 2,744 2,585 (159) (6%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-2071 Electrical engineers 32,930 30,590 (2,340) (7%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 29,007 26,991 (2,016) (7%) Associate's degree

Appendix A A-6 Exhibit A-2 MIDWEST- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 17,075 15,159 (1,916) (11%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 180,188 152,172 (28,016) (16%) Long-term on-the-job training Exhibit A-3 provides the occupational change summary from 2005-2010 for the West region. The West region includes Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. Exhibit A-3 WEST- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 73,995 88,349 14,354 19% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 14,600 16,062 1,462 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 7,380 7,918 538 7% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 67,849 71,925 4,076 6% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 69,048 71,660 2,612 4% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 17,675 18,310 635 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 89,544 91,175 1,631 2% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 18,595 18,966 371 2% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 1,470 1,491 21 1% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 22,100 22,047 (53) 0% Associate's degree

Appendix A A-7 Exhibit A-3 WEST- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 277,835 277,973 138 0% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 24,789 23,903 (886) (4%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 39,754 37,712 (2,042) (5%) Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 2,846 2,714 (132) (5%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 42,552 39,671 (2,881) (7%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 163,993 142,760 (21,233) (13%) Long-term on-the-job training Exhibit A-4 provides the occupational change summary from 2005-2010 for the South region. The South region includes: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. Exhibit A-4 SOUTH- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 109,229 128,574 19,345 18% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 11,771 13,167 1,396 12% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 36,517 40,349 3,832 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 69,517 75,604 6,087 9% Associate's degree

Appendix A A-8 Exhibit A-4 SOUTH- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 91,762 96,866 5,104 6% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 105,381 109,648 4,267 4% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 35,964 37,335 1,371 4% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 33,573 34,833 1,260 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 2,758 2,856 98 4% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 23,414 24,169 755 3% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 528,441 529,719 1,278 0% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 37,714 36,908 (806) (2%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 53,902 52,756 (1,146) (2%) Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 6,320 6,192 (128) (2%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 57,740 55,374 (2,366) (4%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 284,529 253,186 (31,343) (11%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-9 State-level Occupational Change Summary: Historical 2005–2010

Appendix A A-10 Exhibit A-5 ALABAMA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 2,631 2,996 365 14% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 415 468 53 13% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 2,287 2,497 210 9% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 2,341 2,540 199 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,123 1,187 64 6% Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 297 314 17 6% Postsecondary vocational award 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 2,299 2,422 123 5% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 4,784 4,970 186 4% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,848 1,921 73 4% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 3,226 3,342 116 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 65 67 2 3% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 3,447 3,430 (17) 0% Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 18,594 18,346 (248) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,001 980 (21) (2%) Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,579 1,527 (52) (3%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 11,809 10,540 (1,269) (11%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-11 Exhibit A-6 ALASKA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 460 563 103 22% Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 646 764 118 18% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 326 373 47 14% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 416 467 51 12% Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 612 682 70 11% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 314 347 33 11% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,436 1,582 146 10% Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 3,891 4,277 386 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 115 125 10 9% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 74 80 6 8% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 424 455 31 7% Degree plus work experience 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 561 589 28 5% Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 602 610 8 1% Work experience in a related field 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 17 17 0 0% Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 2,663 2,620 (43) (2%) Long-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 <10 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-12 Exhibit A-7 ARIZONA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 5,253 5,928 675 13% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,652 1,825 173 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 2,528 2,764 236 9% Associate's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 556 606 50 9% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 4,187 4,374 187 4% Degree plus work experience 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 929 966 37 4% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,488 1,535 47 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 100 102 2 2% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,823 1,834 11 1% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 27,563 27,839 276 1% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 4,602 4,580 (22) 0% Bachelor's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,959 1,932 (27) (1%) Work experience in a related field 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 165 161 (4) (2%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-2071 Electrical engineers 4,625 4,370 (255) (6%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 5,316 4,830 (486) (9%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 14,757 12,334 (2,423) (16%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-13 Exhibit A-8 ARKANSAS- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 2,623 2,993 370 14% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 688 760 72 10% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,116 1,225 109 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 402 438 36 9% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,650 1,770 120 7% Bachelor's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,411 1,496 85 6% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 31 33 2 6% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,441 1,517 76 5% Degree plus work experience 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 309 325 16 5% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 287 297 10 3% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 12,771 12,727 (44) 0% Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-2111 Electricians 6,571 6,425 (146) (2%) Long-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 178 168 (10) (6%) Postsecondary vocational award 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,125 1,022 (103) (9%) Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,076 978 (98) (9%) Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 722 649 (73) (10%) Bachelor's degree

Appendix A A-14 Exhibit A-9 CALIFORNIA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 40,163 47,319 7,156 18% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 5,763 6,235 472 8% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 3,992 4,214 222 6% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 35,867 37,194 1,327 4% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 4,171 4,263 92 2% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 41,135 41,556 421 1% Degree plus work experience 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 7,869 7,939 70 1% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 833 832 (1) 0% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 44,780 44,399 (381) (1%) Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 11,083 10,835 (248) (2%) Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 132,296 129,449 (2,847) (2%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 12,764 12,003 (761) (6%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 19,303 17,785 (1,518) (8%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 20,760 19,020 (1,740) (8%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 1,278 1,169 (109) (9%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 70,803 59,380 (11,423) (16%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-15 Exhibit A-10 COLORADO- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 6,364 7,567 1,203 19% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,312 1,482 170 13% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 8,198 9,006 808 10% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 574 633 59 10% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,401 1,523 122 9% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,585 2,764 179 7% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 7,492 7,928 436 6% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 83 88 5 6% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 4,825 5,035 210 4% Degree plus work experience 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,169 1,207 38 3% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 23,009 23,103 94 0% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,359 1,343 (16) (1%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 3,808 3,732 (76) (2%) Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 207 203 (4) (2%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 2,819 2,623 (196) (7%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 16,565 14,392 (2,173) (13%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-16 Exhibit A-11 CONNECTICUT- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 341 380 39 11% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 4,284 4,704 420 10% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,285 1,359 74 6% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,664 1,686 22 1% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 7,263 7,228 (35) 0% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,585 2,578 (7) 0% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 11,698 11,664 (34) 0% Moderate-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 45 45 0 0% Short-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 137 134 (3) (2%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 620 592 (28) (5%) Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 581 553 (28) (5%) Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 3,883 3,647 (236) (6%) Bachelor's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,499 1,390 (109) (7%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 2,109 1,909 (200) (9%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 2,234 2,015 (219) (10%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 9,218 8,285 (933) (10%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-17 Exhibit A-12 DELAWARE- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 881 1,031 150 17% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 190 208 18 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 85 92 7 8% Moderate-term on- the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 100 104 4 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 399 409 10 3% Associate's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 339 338 (1) 0% Associate's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 414 412 (2) 0% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 3,887 3,868 (19) 0% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,093 1,049 (44) (4%) Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 123 116 (7) (6%) Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,672 1,534 (138) (8%) Degree plus work experience 17-2071 Electrical engineers 711 656 (55) (8%) Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 50 46 (4) (8%) Postsecondary vocational award 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 473 420 (53) (11%) Work experience in a related field 47-2111 Electricians 2,622 2,060 (562) (21%) Long-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 <10 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-18 Exhibit A-13 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 2,535 3,011 476 19% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 194 217 23 12% Associate's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 42 46 4 10% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 10 11 1 10% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,400 1,510 110 8% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 9,246 9,722 476 5% Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 623 647 24 4% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 185 193 8 4% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 6,735 7,023 288 4% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 3,099 3,176 77 2% Degree plus work experience 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 48 49 1 2% Postsecondary vocational award 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,166 1,170 4 0% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 102 102 0 0% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 527 510 (17) (3%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,191 1,155 (36) (3%) Bachelor's degree 47-2111 Electricians 1,865 1,646 (219) (12%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-19 Exhibit A-14 FLORIDA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 2,110 2,357 247 12% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 21,892 24,362 2,470 11% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 5,802 6,239 437 8% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 6,447 6,743 296 5% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 8,308 8,475 167 2% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,863 2,900 37 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 4,235 4,087 (148) (3%) Work experience in a related field 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 80,780 77,655 (3,125) (4%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 346 333 (13) (4%) Short-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 2,806 2,678 (128) (5%) Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 18,419 17,261 (1,158) (6%) Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 4,796 4,485 (311) (6%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 1,090 1,012 (78) (7%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-2071 Electrical engineers 7,992 7,261 (731) (9%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 10,585 9,089 (1,496) (14%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 48,076 34,788 (13,288) (28%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-20 Exhibit A-15 GEORGIA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 8,592 9,888 1,296 15% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 975 1,126 151 15% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 3,344 3,749 405 12% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 4,365 4,615 250 6% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,299 2,412 113 5% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,397 1,454 57 4% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 270 282 12 4% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 7,695 7,962 267 3% Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,008 1,029 21 2% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 10,638 10,607 (31) 0% Degree plus work experience 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 3,244 3,132 (112) (3%) Work experience in a related field 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 48,623 47,014 (1,609) (3%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 3,194 3,073 (121) (4%) Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 507 488 (19) (4%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 3,912 3,665 (247) (6%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 22,057 18,434 (3,623) (16%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-21 Exhibit A-16 HAWAII- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 1,422 1,692 270 19% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 132 149 17 13% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 231 255 24 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 507 541 34 7% Associate's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,181 1,247 66 6% Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 593 629 36 6% Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 66 69 3 5% Postsecondary vocational award 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,924 1,990 66 3% Bachelor's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 40 41 1 3% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 592 603 11 2% Degree plus work experience 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 514 523 9 2% Associate's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 142 144 2 1% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 328 332 4 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 47-2111 Electricians 3,128 3,125 (3) 0% Long-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 6,981 6,796 (185) (3%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 519 475 (44) (8%) Work experience in a related field

Appendix A A-22 Exhibit A-17 IDAHO- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 1,237 1,690 453 37% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 171 191 20 12% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 394 434 40 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 977 1,039 62 6% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 505 523 18 4% Associate's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,210 1,246 36 3% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,089 1,125 36 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 5,875 6,075 200 3% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 684 691 7 1% Work experience in a related field 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,032 1,030 (2) 0% Degree plus work experience 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 50 50 0 0% Postsecondary vocational award 53-6041 Traffic technicians 15 15 0 0% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 899 855 (44) (5%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 4,612 3,974 (638) (14%) Long-term on-the-job training 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,323 1,082 (241) (18%) Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,888 1,531 (357) (19%) Bachelor's degree

Appendix A A-23 Exhibit A-18 ILLINOIS- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 10,025 11,376 1,351 13% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 3,511 3,771 260 7% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 1,605 1,673 68 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 15,794 15,944 150 1% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 8,135 8,177 42 1% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,761 1,778 17 1% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 6,515 6,600 85 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 99 100 1 1% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 15,301 15,230 (71) 0% Degree plus work experience 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 56,040 54,648 (1,392) (2%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 5,183 4,900 (283) (5%) Work experience in a related field 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 2,887 2,688 (199) (7%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 784 732 (52) (7%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-2071 Electrical engineers 5,149 4,710 (439) (9%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 4,653 4,207 (446) (10%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 33,778 28,266 (5,512) (16%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-24 Exhibit A-19 INDIANA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 4,475 5,421 946 21% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 2,370 2,597 227 10% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,797 1,949 152 8% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 864 918 54 6% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 697 730 33 5% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 4,041 4,189 148 4% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 3,615 3,710 95 3% Bachelor's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 4,633 4,745 112 2% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 65 66 1 2% Short-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 38,465 36,771 (1,694) (4%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 2,326 2,205 (121) (5%) Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 3,447 3,269 (178) (5%) Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,389 1,326 (63) (5%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 215 201 (14) (7%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-2071 Electrical engineers 2,885 2,668 (217) (8%) Bachelor's degree 47-2111 Electricians 17,149 14,688 (2,461) (14%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-25 Exhibit A-20 IOWA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 1,927 2,307 380 20% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,420 1,541 121 9% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 831 898 67 8% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 2,270 2,419 149 7% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,789 1,892 103 6% Bachelor's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,319 1,395 76 6% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 802 853 51 6% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 41 43 2 5% Short-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 366 382 16 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,438 1,483 45 3% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 3,687 3,784 97 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 356 362 6 2% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 14,553 14,588 35 0% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,101 1,074 (27) (2%) Work experience in a related field 47-2111 Electricians 8,086 7,799 (287) (4%) Long-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 88 84 (4) (5%) Postsecondary vocational award

Appendix A A-26 Exhibit A-21 KANSAS- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 2,530 2,970 440 17% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,327 1,462 135 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 2,263 2,369 106 5% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 2,397 2,516 119 5% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,361 1,435 74 5% Associate's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 327 342 15 5% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,344 1,396 52 4% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,544 1,605 61 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 48 50 2 4% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,580 1,633 53 3% Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 379 390 11 3% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 12,778 13,074 296 2% Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-2111 Electricians 6,670 6,721 51 1% Long-term on-the-job training 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,344 1,346 2 0% Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 924 914 (10) (1%) Work experience in a related field 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 118 115 (3) (3%) Postsecondary vocational award

Appendix A A-27 Exhibit A-22 KENTUCKY- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 3,099 3,830 731 24% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 386 428 42 11% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 2,525 2,750 225 9% Degree plus work experience 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,668 1,819 151 9% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,443 1,555 112 8% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,121 1,135 14 1% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,305 2,337 32 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 2,696 2,685 (11) 0% Bachelor's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 68 67 (1) (1%) Short-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 19,909 19,537 (372) (2%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,704 1,655 (49) (3%) Work experience in a related field 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,040 990 (50) (5%) Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,285 1,205 (80) (6%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,036 970 (66) (6%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 234 217 (17) (7%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 12,133 10,294 (1,839) (15%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-28 Exhibit A-23 LOUISIANA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 1,810 2,116 306 17% Bachelor's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 3,741 4,332 591 16% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 435 499 64 15% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,234 1,365 131 11% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,548 1,660 112 7% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,487 1,579 92 6% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,589 1,627 38 2% Degree plus work experience 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,766 1,803 37 2% Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 12,303 12,535 232 2% Long-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 29,165 29,678 513 2% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,953 1,972 19 1% Associate's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 2,152 2,173 21 1% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,342 1,355 13 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 85 86 1 1% Short-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 495 495 0 0% Postsecondary vocational award 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,563 1,523 (40) (3%) Work experience in a related field

Appendix A A-29 Exhibit A-24 MAINE- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 515 554 39 8% Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 635 660 25 4% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 694 725 31 4% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 935 950 15 2% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,028 1,031 3 0% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 425 427 2 0% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,664 1,654 (10) (1%) Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 5,236 5,203 (33) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 638 621 (17) (3%) Work experience in a related field 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 121 117 (4) (3%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-2071 Electrical engineers 455 430 (25) (5%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 454 422 (32) (7%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 4,358 3,771 (587) (13%) Long-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 <10 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-30 Exhibit A-25 MARYLAND- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 9,999 12,321 2,322 23% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 558 629 71 13% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,428 1,552 124 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 10,686 11,436 750 7% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 8,094 8,557 463 6% Degree plus work experience 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 2,922 3,069 147 5% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 7,393 7,705 312 4% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 2,087 2,147 60 3% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 119 122 3 3% Short-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,880 1,923 43 2% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 4,146 4,141 (5) 0% Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 4,335 4,280 (55) (1%) Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 23,990 23,766 (224) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,893 1,817 (76) (4%) Work experience in a related field 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 217 201 (16) (7%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 19,588 16,814 (2,774) (14%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-31 Exhibit A-26 MASSACHUSETTS- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 7,364 8,801 1,437 20% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 590 646 56 9% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 2,636 2,836 200 8% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 5,513 5,828 315 6% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 12,463 12,894 431 3% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,846 2,927 81 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 749 767 18 2% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 9,161 9,125 (36) 0% Bachelor's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 146 146 0 0% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 962 953 (9) (1%) Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 24,181 23,634 (547) (2%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 8,111 7,631 (480) (6%) Bachelor's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,676 1,557 (119) (7%) Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 8,680 8,054 (626) (7%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 586 545 (41) (7%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 16,912 13,784 (3,128) (18%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-32 Exhibit A-27 MICHIGAN- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 889 993 104 12% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 8,129 8,872 743 9% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 2,333 2,256 (77) (3%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 3,455 3,321 (134) (4%) Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 9,450 8,945 (505) (5%) Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 7,966 7,281 (685) (9%) Degree plus work experience 53-6041 Traffic technicians 120 109 (11) (9%) Short-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 7,860 7,065 (795) (10%) Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 41,129 36,980 (4,149) (10%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 2,746 2,401 (345) (13%) Associate's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 5,067 4,426 (641) (13%) Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 3,094 2,674 (420) (14%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 6,061 4,996 (1,065) (18%) Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 109 88 (21) (19%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 5,239 3,986 (1,253) (24%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 26,499 20,159 (6,340) (24%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-33 Exhibit A-28 MINNESOTA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 6,635 7,660 1,025 15% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,406 1,508 102 7% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 599 634 35 6% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 8,653 8,976 323 4% Associate's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 2,756 2,798 42 2% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 9,445 9,566 121 1% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 4,718 4,768 50 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 18,992 19,116 124 1% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 4,036 4,032 (4) 0% Bachelor's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 75 75 0 0% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 4,037 3,905 (132) (3%) Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,356 1,304 (52) (4%) Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 2,081 1,967 (114) (5%) Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 3,238 3,020 (218) (7%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 157 135 (22) (14%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 14,532 11,774 (2,758) (19%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-34 Exhibit A-29 MISSISSIPPI- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 892 1,009 117 13% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 680 741 61 9% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,083 1,181 98 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 986 1,053 67 7% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,996 2,117 121 6% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 327 347 20 6% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 45 47 2 4% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,070 1,107 37 3% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,299 2,365 66 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 981 994 13 1% Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,132 1,144 12 1% Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 625 634 9 1% Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 6,727 6,793 66 1% Long-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 14,041 14,135 94 1% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 180 179 (1) (1%) Postsecondary vocational award 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 927 905 (22) (2%) Work experience in a related field

Appendix A A-35 Exhibit A-30 MISSOURI- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 5,274 5,856 582 11% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 2,235 2,483 248 11% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 627 675 48 8% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,744 1,871 127 7% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 5,256 5,575 319 6% Bachelor's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 79 82 3 4% Short-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 5,916 6,105 189 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 4,785 4,896 111 2% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 5,214 5,275 61 1% Degree plus work experience 17-2071 Electrical engineers 2,468 2,455 (13) (1%) Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 29,756 29,316 (440) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 287 282 (5) (2%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 638 620 (18) (3%) Associate's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,906 1,830 (76) (4%) Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,986 1,892 (94) (5%) Work experience in a related field 47-2111 Electricians 15,164 13,178 (1,986) (13%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-36 Exhibit A-31 MONTANA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 712 863 151 21% Bachelor's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 371 415 44 12% Degree plus work experience 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 557 611 54 10% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 506 555 49 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 177 189 12 7% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 4,556 4,811 255 6% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 363 380 17 5% Bachelor's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,229 1,278 49 4% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 490 508 18 4% Associate's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 352 367 15 4% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 376 387 11 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 153 155 2 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 59 59 0 0% Postsecondary vocational award 53-6041 Traffic technicians 13 13 0 0% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 250 245 (5) (2%) Work experience in a related field 47-2111 Electricians 2,861 2,733 (128) (4%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-37 Exhibit A-32 NEBRASKA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 2,077 2,433 356 17% Bachelor's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,677 1,827 150 9% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 773 833 60 8% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 640 693 53 8% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 938 1,001 63 7% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,355 1,406 51 4% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,603 2,675 72 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 280 288 8 3% Postsecondary vocational award 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 8,154 8,411 257 3% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 355 364 9 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 47-2111 Electricians 5,560 5,660 100 2% Long-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 155 156 1 1% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 11 11 0 0% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 761 740 (21) (3%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 483 465 (18) (4%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 442 418 (24) (5%) Associate's degree

Appendix A A-38 Exhibit A-33 NEVADA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 206 243 37 18% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 1,793 2,106 313 17% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 524 593 69 13% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,673 1,773 100 6% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,280 1,335 55 4% Degree plus work experience 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 962 1,001 39 4% Work experience in a related field 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 652 680 28 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 52 53 1 2% Postsecondary vocational award 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 388 391 3 1% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 19 19 0 0% Short-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 13,316 13,029 (287) (2%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,233 1,153 (80) (6%) Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 3,332 2,994 (338) (10%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,359 1,214 (145) (11%) Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 660 573 (87) (13%) Bachelor's degree 47-2111 Electricians 8,198 6,341 (1,857) (23%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-39 Exhibit A-34 NEW HAMPSHIRE- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 1,284 1,558 274 21% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 149 171 22 15% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 797 883 86 11% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 199 208 9 5% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,602 1,690 88 5% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,180 1,220 40 3% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,228 1,253 25 2% Bachelor's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 2,514 2,519 5 0% Degree plus work experience 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 5,104 5,054 (50) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 487 458 (29) (6%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,413 1,303 (110) (8%) Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 692 639 (53) (8%) Associate's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 973 880 (93) (10%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 39 35 (4) (10%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 3,602 3,203 (399) (11%) Long-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 <10 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-40 Exhibit A-35 NEW JERSEY- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 11,740 13,548 1,808 15% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 680 753 73 11% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 3,262 3,544 282 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 9,142 9,405 263 3% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 14,350 14,494 144 1% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,086 2,101 15 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 215 217 2 1% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 7,808 7,647 (161) (2%) Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 35,605 34,328 (1,277) (4%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,485 1,407 (78) (5%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 328 311 (17) (5%) Postsecondary vocational award 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 4,740 4,405 (335) (7%) Work experience in a related field 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,266 1,174 (92) (7%) Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 4,142 3,801 (341) (8%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 3,488 3,184 (304) (9%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 19,779 16,357 (3,422) (17%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-41 Exhibit A-36 NEW MEXICO- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 1,054 1,284 230 22% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,043 1,158 115 11% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 616 669 53 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,067 1,152 85 8% Degree plus work experience 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,039 1,113 74 7% Associate's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 175 188 13 7% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 8,909 9,160 251 3% Moderate-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 71 72 1 1% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 464 460 (4) (1%) Work experience in a related field 17-2051 Civil engineers 2,061 2,031 (30) (1%) Bachelor's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,156 1,150 (6) (1%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 2,003 1,979 (24) (1%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 100 96 (4) (4%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 756 710 (46) (6%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 4,389 4,117 (272) (6%) Long-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 846 797 (49) (6%) Moderate-term on- the-job training

Appendix A A-42 Exhibit A-37 NEW YORK- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 23,602 27,315 3,713 16% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 1,800 1,930 130 7% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 6,749 7,162 413 6% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 6,145 6,466 321 5% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 14,617 15,125 508 3% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 2,174 2,231 57 3% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 24,226 24,673 447 2% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 14,002 14,105 103 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 95,416 96,655 1,239 1% Moderate-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 1,295 1,273 (22) (2%) Short-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 9,920 9,591 (329) (3%) Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 607 591 (16) (3%) Postsecondary vocational award 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 5,438 5,099 (339) (6%) Work experience in a related field 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 2,574 2,416 (158) (6%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 42,533 39,888 (2,645) (6%) Long-term on-the-job training 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 8,149 7,614 (535) (7%) Associate's degree

Appendix A A-43 Exhibit A-38 NORTH CAROLINA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 8,006 9,549 1,543 19% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 895 1,034 139 16% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 3,062 3,478 416 14% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 4,125 4,572 447 11% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 979 1,058 79 8% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 172 182 10 6% Short-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 10,944 11,490 546 5% Degree plus work experience 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 3,414 3,585 171 5% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 6,523 6,799 276 4% Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 978 1,007 29 3% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 45,725 45,782 57 0% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 2,698 2,638 (60) (2%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 3,020 2,946 (74) (2%) Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 2,979 2,865 (114) (4%) Work experience in a related field 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 298 283 (15) (5%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 22,155 19,277 (2,878) (13%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-44 Exhibit A-39 NORTH DAKOTA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 437 515 78 18% Degree plus work experience 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 321 333 12 4% Work experience in a related field 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 345 426 81 23% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 225 266 41 18% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 640 742 102 16% Bachelor's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 225 255 30 13% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 412 472 60 15% Associate's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 313 328 15 5% Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 110 119 9 8% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 192 209 17 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-2111 Electricians 2,017 2,260 243 12% Long-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 756 783 27 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 48 48 0 0% Postsecondary vocational award 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 2,694 2,867 173 6% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 118 121 3 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 <10 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-45 Exhibit A-40 OHIO- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 11,686 13,533 1,847 16% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 1,310 1,387 77 6% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 8,289 8,680 391 5% Associate's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 4,063 4,226 163 4% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 9,560 9,781 221 2% Degree plus work experience 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 2,016 1,970 (46) (2%) Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 10,281 10,096 (185) (2%) Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 8,207 7,923 (284) (3%) Bachelor's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 155 150 (5) (3%) Short-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 4,701 4,378 (323) (7%) Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 3,808 3,533 (275) (7%) Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 4,900 4,532 (368) (8%) Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 3,823 3,507 (316) (8%) Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 62,117 57,187 (4,930) (8%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 316 288 (28) (9%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 32,663 25,937 (6,726) (21%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-46 Exhibit A-41 OKLAHOMA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 2,237 2,649 412 18% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,510 1,701 191 13% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,987 2,200 213 11% Bachelor's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 2,091 2,250 159 8% Degree plus work experience 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,425 1,545 120 8% Associate's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 680 737 57 8% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 3,297 3,481 184 6% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 285 298 13 5% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,562 1,628 66 4% Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 15,459 16,126 667 4% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 379 395 16 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 758 784 26 3% Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 284 293 9 3% Postsecondary vocational award 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,986 2,005 19 1% Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,053 1,040 (13) (1%) Work experience in a related field 47-2111 Electricians 8,698 8,650 (48) (1%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-47 Exhibit A-42 OREGON- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 3,159 3,698 539 17% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,026 1,140 114 11% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 5,298 5,663 365 7% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 3,546 3,725 179 5% Degree plus work experience 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 430 450 20 5% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 64 67 3 5% Short-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,883 1,967 84 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,176 1,204 28 2% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 4,791 4,843 52 1% Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 14,230 14,068 (162) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,443 1,380 (63) (4%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,847 1,702 (145) (8%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 2,986 2,727 (259) (9%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 261 237 (24) (9%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,853 1,618 (235) (13%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 8,972 7,364 (1,608) (18%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-48 Exhibit A-43 PENNSYLVANIA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 8,749 10,640 1,891 22% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 978 1,066 88 9% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 6,430 6,860 430 7% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 9,205 9,745 540 6% Degree plus work experience 43-5031 Dispatchers 3,617 3,843 226 6% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 12,907 13,150 243 2% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 2,786 2,835 49 2% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 9,587 9,786 199 2% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 97 98 1 1% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 1,641 1,626 (15) (1%) Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 63,857 63,233 (624) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 3,893 3,782 (111) (3%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 5,884 5,673 (211) (4%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 7,339 6,993 (346) (5%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 359 336 (23) (6%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 29,434 26,895 (2,539) (9%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-49 Exhibit A-44 RHODE ISLAND- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 970 1,160 190 20% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 78 84 6 8% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 385 412 27 7% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,081 1,109 28 3% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 1,223 1,235 12 1% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 753 745 (8) (1%) Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 345 338 (7) (2%) Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 585 553 (32) (5%) Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 4,466 4,256 (210) (5%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 321 303 (18) (6%) Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 230 215 (15) (7%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 481 437 (44) (9%) Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 32 29 (3) (9%) Postsecondary vocational award 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 504 456 (48) (10%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 2,594 2,114 (480) (19%) Long-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 <10 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-50 Exhibit A-45 SOUTH CAROLINA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 2,880 3,524 644 22% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 387 453 66 17% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,399 1,619 220 16% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,425 1,633 208 15% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 2,381 2,686 305 13% Degree plus work experience 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,148 1,278 130 11% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 3,895 4,273 378 10% Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,828 2,002 174 10% Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,984 2,162 178 9% Bachelor's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 70 76 6 9% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 389 415 26 7% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 501 534 33 7% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 26,596 26,796 200 1% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,312 1,275 (37) (3%) Work experience in a related field 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 217 207 (10) (5%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 10,645 8,825 (1,820) (17%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-51 Exhibit A-46 SOUTH DAKOTA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 835 1,072 237 28% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 210 233 23 11% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 226 243 17 8% Degree plus work experience 43-5031 Dispatchers 310 335 25 8% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 400 429 29 7% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 815 862 47 6% Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 47 50 3 6% Postsecondary vocational award 17-2071 Electrical engineers 199 208 9 5% Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 2,522 2,651 129 5% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 99 103 4 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 102 105 3 3% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,292 1,327 35 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 145 148 3 2% Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 234 238 4 2% Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 2,074 2,058 (16) (1%) Long-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 <10 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-52 Exhibit A-47 TENNESSEE- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 3,759 4,444 685 18% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 714 789 75 11% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 2,439 2,690 251 10% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 2,358 2,580 222 9% Associate's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 972 1,031 59 6% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 4,729 4,968 239 5% Degree plus work experience 53-6041 Traffic technicians 631 660 29 5% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 3,351 3,485 134 4% Bachelor's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 3,979 4,141 162 4% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 35,154 34,127 (1,027) (3%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,931 1,811 (120) (6%) Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 568 531 (37) (7%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 16,238 15,049 (1,189) (7%) Long-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 3,379 3,097 (282) (8%) Work experience in a related field 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 2,097 1,920 (177) (8%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 446 398 (48) (11%) Postsecondary vocational award

Appendix A A-53 Exhibit A-48 TEXAS- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 22,255 26,610 4,355 20% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 6,412 7,283 871 14% Moderate-term on-the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 10,364 11,724 1,360 13% Associate's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 2,675 3,006 331 12% Moderate-term on- the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 17,941 19,575 1,634 9% Degree plus work experience 17-2051 Civil engineers 27,176 29,743 2,567 9% Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 5,478 5,959 481 9% Associate's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 11,270 12,184 914 8% Associate's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 3,250 3,497 247 8% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 387 417 30 8% Short-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 99,509 106,383 6,874 7% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 920 966 46 5% Postsecondary vocational award 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 9,939 10,305 366 4% Work experience in a related field 47-2111 Electricians 53,101 54,012 911 2% Long-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 13,108 13,082 (26) 0% Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 14,960 14,676 (284) (2%) Associate's degree

Appendix A A-54 Exhibit A-49 UTAH- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 2,407 2,904 497 21% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 437 504 67 15% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 2,520 2,836 316 13% Bachelor's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 2,094 2,354 260 12% Degree plus work experience 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 506 565 59 12% Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 1,051 1,171 120 11% Bachelor's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 236 262 26 11% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 2,108 2,295 187 9% Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 9,837 10,678 841 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 881 946 65 7% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 400 420 20 5% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 59 62 3 5% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 1,408 1,464 56 4% Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 906 918 12 1% Work experience in a related field 47-2111 Electricians 7,157 7,218 61 1% Long-term on-the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 70 69 (1) (1%) Postsecondary vocational award

Appendix A A-55 Exhibit A-50 VERMONT- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 500 603 103 21% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 219 243 24 11% Associate's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 84 92 8 10% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 232 247 15 6% Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 420 439 19 5% Degree plus work experience 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 2,981 3,035 54 2% Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 1,141 1,146 5 0% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 24 23 (1) (4%) Postsecondary vocational award 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 195 185 (10) (5%) Work experience in a related field 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 262 246 (16) (6%) Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 725 676 (49) (7%) Bachelor's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 342 319 (23) (7%) Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 319 293 (26) (8%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 152 134 (18) (12%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 1,925 1,592 (333) (17%) Long-term on-the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 <10 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-56 Exhibit A-51 VIRGINIA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 14,285 17,215 2,930 21% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 10,236 11,473 1,237 12% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 12,279 13,416 1,137 9% Degree plus work experience 43-5031 Dispatchers 2,502 2,732 230 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 932 1,019 87 9% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 2,630 2,714 84 3% Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 793 810 17 2% Postsecondary vocational award 17-2051 Civil engineers 10,189 10,326 137 1% Bachelor's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 3,295 3,321 26 1% Moderate-term on- the-job training 53-6041 Traffic technicians 152 154 2 1% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 5,892 5,833 (59) (1%) Associate's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 37,726 37,054 (672) (2%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2071 Electrical engineers 7,272 7,062 (210) (3%) Bachelor's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 1,868 1,796 (72) (4%) Work experience in a related field 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 3,047 2,931 (116) (4%) Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 24,665 21,589 (3,076) (12%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-57 Exhibit A-52 WASHINGTON- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 9,628 12,343 2,715 28% Bachelor's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 8,290 9,415 1,125 14% Degree plus work experience 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 8,112 9,229 1,117 14% Associate's degree 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 570 633 63 11% Moderate-term on- the-job training 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,525 1,659 134 9% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 12,938 13,765 827 6% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 2,261 2,386 125 6% Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 3,107 3,302 195 6% Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 3,584 3,717 133 4% Bachelor's degree 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 23,659 24,580 921 4% Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 2,972 3,069 97 3% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 437 446 9 2% Postsecondary vocational award 53-6041 Traffic technicians 161 164 3 2% Short-term on-the-job training 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 2,897 2,897 0 0% Associate's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 2,717 2,668 (49) (2%) Work experience in a related field 47-2111 Electricians 17,349 16,167 (1,182) (7%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-58 Exhibit A-53 WEST VIRGINIA- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 852 1,028 176 21% Bachelor's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,166 1,362 196 17% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 663 711 48 7% Degree plus work experience 43-5031 Dispatchers 774 826 52 7% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 289 307 18 6% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 16 17 1 6% Short-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 1,393 1,461 68 5% Bachelor's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 443 464 21 5% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 147 155 8 5% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 717 742 25 3% Associate's degree 47-2111 Electricians 5,275 5,455 180 3% Long-term on-the-job training 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 572 585 13 2% Associate's degree 17-2071 Electrical engineers 443 446 3 1% Bachelor's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 65 65 0 0% Postsecondary vocational award 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 9,779 9,703 (76) (1%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 493 479 (14) (3%) Work experience in a related field

Appendix A A-59 Exhibit A-54 WISCONSIN- Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 6,679 7,713 1,034 15% Bachelor's degree 43-5031 Dispatchers 1,385 1,487 102 7% Moderate-term on-the-job training 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 538 577 39 7% Moderate-term on- the-job training 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 1,778 1,878 100 6% Associate's degree 17-2051 Civil engineers 4,677 4,826 149 3% Bachelor's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 5,635 5,734 99 2% Degree plus work experience 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 5,282 5,383 101 2% Moderate-term on- the-job training 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 1,226 1,244 18 1% Associate's degree 53-6041 Traffic technicians 39 39 0 0% Short-term on-the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 26,004 25,315 (689) (3%) Moderate-term on-the-job training 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 2,114 1,988 (126) (6%) Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 3,624 3,366 (258) (7%) Bachelor's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 3,117 2,893 (224) (7%) Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 642 596 (46) (7%) Associate's degree 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 294 273 (21) (7%) Postsecondary vocational award 47-2111 Electricians 15,997 13,674 (2,323) (15%) Long-term on-the-job training

Appendix A A-60 Exhibit A-55 WYOMING - Historical Occupational Change Summary 2005-2010 SOC Code DOL Standard Occupation Title # of 2005 Jobs # of 2010 Jobs Change % Change Education Level 43-5031 Dispatchers 287 339 52 18% Moderate-term on-the-job training 47-2111 Electricians 2,538 2,995 457 18% Long-term on-the-job training 15-1081 Network systems and data communications analysts 343 393 50 15% Bachelor's degree 11-3071 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 159 177 18 11% Work experience in a related field 17-2071 Electrical engineers 262 291 29 11% Bachelor's degree 47-4051 Highway maintenance workers 289 320 31 11% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-9042 Maintenance and repair workers, general 3,714 4,108 394 11% Moderate-term on-the-job training 17-2051 Civil engineers 758 833 75 10% Bachelor's degree 17-3022 Civil engineering technicians 118 130 12 10% Associate's degree 17-3029 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 131 143 12 9% Associate's degree 17-3023 Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 169 182 13 8% Associate's degree 15-1099 Computer specialists, all other 218 229 11 5% Associate's degree 11-3021 Computer and information systems managers 206 211 5 2% Degree plus work experience 49-9097 Signal and track switch repairers 111 113 2 2% Moderate-term on- the-job training 49-2093 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 83 84 1 1% Postsecondary vocational award 53-6041 Traffic technicians <10 11 -- -- Short-term on-the-job training