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87 The following responses were collected between August 9, 2013, and September 8, 2013. The following state agencies participated: Arizona, Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Missouri, Minnesota, Montana, North Carolina, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, and West Virginia. What follows are summarized responses to the questions contained within the survey. Where appropriate, additional free entry responses are listed. A p p e n d i x A Participant Responses to Electronic Survey What information does your agency collect about pavement- maintenance construction? (Select all that apply.) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% M at er ia l T yp e M at er ia l Q ua nt itie s La bo r Eq ui pm en t Co st s M et ho d/ Ac tiv ity Lo ca tio n (be tw ee n m ark er/ mi le po sts ) Lo ca tio n (pr ec ise ) Co st ru ct io n Da te Pa ve m en t c on di tio n be fo re m ai nt en an ce W ea th er a t t im e of m ai nt en an ce Pe rio di c pe rfo rm an ce a fte r c on st ru ct io n O th er
88 Framework for a pavement-Maintenance database System Additional Comments Are there differences in the information collected if the work is done by contract or in-house? Labor and equipment costs are not tracked for contract work. The contracts are precisely located while the work done in-house is for a county and route. Construction inspectors collect quality control data for contract projects but not for in-house work. Less testing is done, so less data is available when the work is done in-house. In-house information is collected and stored in the assets work management system. Contract work is stored in PMS. We do not have labor and equipment information if the work is done by contract. We do not collect the contractor's labor and equipment costs. If the work is done by contract, a construction administration crew (resident engineer) tracks all work, according to the bid schedule and inspection reports. If the work is done by maintenance forces in- house, the work is tracked by MMS. Contract information is less detailed. Are there differences in the information collected if the work is done by contract or in-house? 73.7% 26.3% Yes No Additional Comments How is pavement-maintenance construction information collected? Computer at site office. Will implement laptop in field in January 2015 with server based MMS. We use SiteManager, an AASHTO program, and also an in-house MMS. Patching is done by state forces and input into an MMS. All other maintenance treatments are delivered by contract. All the above depending on the region. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Manual input by maintenance supervisor Written records Collected with handheld device or computer in field (please identify device in text box below) How is pavement-maintenance construction information collected?
participant Responses to electronic Survey 89 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Locally, by the collecting office Regionally, by a district or region Centrally, in headquarters or in the maintenance office Server-based MMS Mainframe computer MMS or other How is pavement-maintenance construction information stored? (Select all that apply.) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Downloaded from mainframe Accessed from agency server Via handheld or other portable devices In GIS output Hard copy reports distributed by central office How is pavement-maintenance construction information made available to users? (Select all that apply.)
90 Framework for a pavement-Maintenance database System Are all data available, only summaries of data available, or is a combination of all data and summaries of data available? 55.0%15.0% 30.0% All data are available Only summaries of data are available A combination of all data and summaries of data is available How is information about the performance of pavement-maintenance treatments collected over time? 5.0% 60.0% 15.0% 0.0% 5.0% 0.0% 15.0% No information is collected Collected as part of the pavement management process Collected as part of maintenance management Informally collected by maintenance forces Collected by the agency if performed by contract Collected by financial management processes Other (please specify) 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Individual distresses Condition indices (e.g., PCI, PCR, PSI) Ride indices (e.g., IRI, RQI) Subjective rating (e.g., good, fair, poor) Other (please specify) Identify the pavement-performance parameters that are collected. (Select all that apply.)
participant Responses to electronic Survey 91 Is the performance of pavement-maintenance treatments over time monitored by your agency (i.e., is information reviewed and used in decision-making)? 31.6% 68.4% No Yes 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Agency, centrally Agency, at district, region, or yard level Consultant under contract Other (please specify) Who is responsible for monitoring the performance of pavement- maintenance treatments over time? (Select all that apply.) If pavement-maintenance performance data are collected, how frequently are they collected for each functional classification? Functional Classification Data Collection Frequency Every two years Every year Other NHS/Interstate 4 15 0 Primary 7 10 1 Secondary 12 4 2 Other functional class 8 2 2
92 Framework for a pavement-Maintenance database System Additional Comments Describe how pavement-maintenance information is reviewed and used in agency decision- making. It is part of the decision tree in our PMS. Certain conditions will generate preventive maintenance. Our road analyzer collects raw data which is refined in our planning division and used by our maintenance division. A pavement optimization program considers the condition and history of the pavement, and then recommends the most cost-effective treatment strategy. It falls within our PMS. We used a performance system that evaluated pavement management. Yearly data are summarized in one-mile segments and disseminated in 4 regions where project selection is finalized based on PMS data and field review. Pavement performance data, condition, deterioration curves, year of last work done, and other factors are used to select a treatment recommendation for each segment each year. Segments are selected for work based on available funds and program priorities. Pavement-management information is used in decision making. Individual sites are being monitored now to determine the effectiveness of various treatments. The performance of pavement-maintenance treatments are reviewed and evaluated periodically and used to determine if the treatment/practice should be allowed to continue and/or if their specifications and/or construction practices need to be changed. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Manual surveys Automated surveys as part of pavement management Automated surveys distinct from pavement management Other How are the data collected? (Select all that apply.)
participant Responses to electronic Survey 93 Which of the following management systems does your agency use? For each identified system, identify whether the system was internally developed or a proprietary system. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Asset Pavement Maintenance Bridge N um be r o f R es po ns es Internally developed Commercial software Do you use contractors to provide pavement-maintenance services? 10.5% 89.5% No Yes 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Contractors (including fence-to-fence maintenance contracts) Agency forces (including another public agency acting on your behalf) What percentage of your agencyâs pavement-maintenance needs are met by contractors?
94 Framework for a pavement-Maintenance database System Additional Comments What pavement-maintenance activities are contractors hired for? (Select all that apply.) Small localized paving/patching, 95% for crack sealing and surface treatments. Mowing, guide rail, and paving. Milling and thin overlays. Thin overlays. 100% of crack sealing and surface treatments are delivered by contract. 100% of pothole patching is delivered by state forces. Microsurfacing, chip seals, and thin-lift HMA. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Crack sealing Patching Surface treatments Other (please identify) What pavement-maintenance activities are contractors hired for? (Select all that apply.) 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% None Electronic data files that can be imported into an MMS or PMS Hard copy reports Tabular summaries Others What data reporting requirements are placed on contractors hired for pavement maintenance? (Select all that apply.)
participant Responses to electronic Survey 95 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Sc he du le w or k Tr ac k m a te ria l u se Tr ac k la bo r u se Fo re ca st s ta ffi ng n ee ds Tr ac k eq u ip m e nt Fo re ca st e qu ip m en t n ee ds Co nt ro l c os ts M on ito r t re at m e n t pe rfo rm an ce Tr ac k pa ve m e nt pe rfo rm an ce De ve lo p bu dg et s M on ito r e ffi cie nc y of w or ke rs Co m pa re w or k ac co m pl is he d vs . w or k pl an ne d O th er s How are pavement-maintenance data used? (Select all that apply.) What improvements in pavement-maintenance monitoring or reporting would benefit your agency? A better link to the work done by in-house forces to the PMS, particularly when and where the work was done. A pavement asset management system. A more comprehensive reporting and collecting system. An interactive system that would readily allow the generation of a variety of reports, connecting maintenance and performance and enabling scheduling of maintenance activities on a more rational basis. Implementation of new MMS in January 2015. Better control over limits of work. Based on this survey, I'm not sure I see a significant benefit from this effort. We have a good handle on treatment cost and performance, well developed deterioration curves, and a robust treatment selection model. Regarding MMS, pavement maintenance is just one sub-set of tasks that our field managers need to balance every day. Work is balanced based on funding and crew availability, priorities (long- term and short-term), and performance targets. Data are used within the overall context of highway maintenance to allocate resources where they are needed most. We are exploring combining the empirical data obtained by the pavement program with the subjective data obtained through the MLOS surveys. A part of this effort is to quantify the benefits of maintenance treatments and incorporate these into the pavement management program. Integration with other systems like pavement and bridge. Contract reporting requirements. Mobile (hand-held) device to collect data. Pavement-maintenance performance measures for contract and in-house work. Improving the quality of construction data that is contracted at the division level. Having our pavement analysis software integrated with our assets management system. Have more frequent pavement reviews conducted on primary and secondary routes so that data is more timely. Consistent data collection and reporting. Practices vary from one region to another. Need more staff dedicated to monitoring treatment performance and evaluating cost effectiveness/life cycle costs for each of the treatments.
