Impacts of Laws and Regulations on CV and AV Technology Introduction in Transit Operations (2017)

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INTRODUCTION 2 Ultimately, the impacts of AV deployment in public transit services are implied by the answers to these key questions: 1. What changes to the laws and regulations must be addressed? 2. What will the vehicle technology suppliers need to change in their designs to fulfill mandatory laws and regulations? Overview of the NCHRP 20-102(02) Study This project identifies a roadmap of activities to be performed by industry groups, legislatures, the federal government, and others that will facilitate automated roadway transit operations. The project is focused on the potential barriers imposed by operating authority policies, agency regulations, and governmental laws relative to the transit environment. Without adjustment, the combination of new technology with old rules could result in undue delays and restrictions to deployment, which reduces the cumulative societal benefits that could have accrued if automated systems technology was implemented earlier. The project consisted of five tasks: 1. Develop a technology baseline for the current state of the practice in AV transit 2. Identify issues and impacts on transit vehicle driver and associated staff 3. Identify government regulations and laws impacting AV adoption in transit 4. Develop an implementation plan to address the challenges identified in Tasks 1-3 5. Prepare a final report consolidating Tasks 1-4 We have organized the five tasks to produce six working papers and this final report: • Working Paper #1 Automated Vehicle Technology Deployment Scenarios for Public Transit provides an overview of the deployment scenarios for AV technology in transit applications. • Working paper #2 Safety Assurance Considerations – Blending Transit and Automotive Safety Analysis Methodologies provides a foundation of technical information concerning safety from which subsequent considerations of operating agency policy and governmental safety regulations can be addressed. • Working Paper #3 Workforce Deployment – Changes and Provisions of Future Policy and Contracts and Working Paper #4 Operating Agency Policy – Potential Issues and Changes Required address the implications of automating roadway transit vehicles with respect to local operating agency issues, including labor relations and training, broad operating planning and policy, and response to governmental laws and regulations. • Working Paper #5 Government Laws and Regulations – Issues and Changes to be Considered addresses issues in the federal and state governmental laws and regulations over public transit, as well as issues and possible changes that may be required in vehicle designs to effectively comply with regulations.

INTRODUCTION 3 • Working Paper #6 Timelines for Industry and Government Preparation in Advance of AV Transit Implementation addresses the preliminary timeline for deployment of progressive transit automation in overall consideration of technology, policy and regulatory changes that will be required. This final report consolidates the findings of working papers #1-#6 and presents the research findings as a comprehensive list of additional activities that will be helpful in advancing AV transit in the United States.