Review and Update of U.S. Coast Guard Vessel Stability Regulations and Guidance (2019)

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Eugene A. van Rynbach, Chair, is a Vice President at Herbert Engineering Corporation (HEC), and the Manager of the Annapolis, Maryland, office. He joined HEC in 2005 after an extensive background in the ship operation and engineering fields. At HEC he has worked on major ship design and conversion projects, including designing new training ships for the Mari- time Academies of the U.S. Maritime Administration (MARAD); worked on a major conversion and upgrade of the Floating, Production, Storage, Offloading EnQuest Producer; oversaw design of a suite of roll-on/roll-off vessel designs for MARAD and other organizations for American Marine Highways; acted as the owner’s technical advisor and carried out plan approval for multiple new construction projects; and designed many modi- fications, updated stability documentation, and advised on major repairs for commercial ships. Prior to joining HEC, Mr. van Rynbach worked for 15 years as the Manager of Technical Services for the container ship operator Sea-Land Service and its offshoot U.S. Ship Management. His areas of responsibility included new vessel construction, conversions, major modifications, and technical engineering, including stability documentation. Earlier work in- cluded time with the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) doing plan review for mobile offshore drilling units and several years of seagoing experience as a U.S. Coast Guard–licensed marine engineer. Mr. van Rynbach received a B.Sc. degree with honors in mechanical engineering with a specialization in naval architecture from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1974 and an M.Sc. degree with honors in trans- portation management from the State University of New York Maritime Appendix A Study Committee Biographical Information 105

106 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE College in 1992. He is a member of the ABS and the Society of Naval Archi- tects and Marine Engineers (SNAME). He received the Linnard Prize from SNAME for presenting the best paper at the 1995 SNAME Annual Meeting Hendrik Bruhns is a Naval Architect and holds the position of President of Herbert-ABS Software Solutions LLC. He started his professional career at MEC Marine Equipment and Consulting, working on container cell guides and lashing equipment. Later he joined the Stability Department of Germanischer Lloyd—heading it from 2002–2008—where he was in charge of plan approval, planning, coordinating, and implementing all kinds of projects related to ship safety and environmental protection, particularly intact and damage stability, ballast water management, fuel tank protec- tion, and collision strength. He has been a member of the German delegation for numerous com- mittees and subcommittees at the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and has chaired IMO working groups and coordinated correspon- dence groups. He was involved in numerous research projects, is a member of the Standing Committee of the tri-annual Stability Conference, and head of the Technical Committee of the American Salvage Association. He has been a member of the IMO Working Group on Subdivision and Damage Stability since 2002 and was the Chairman of the IMO Subcom- mittee on Stability and Load Lines and on Fishing Vessels’ Safety Working Group on Sub division and Damage Stability until 2012. Mr. Bruhns has an M.S. in naval architecture from the University of Hamburg. H. Paul Cojeen currently volunteers as an Adjunct Instructor and “mentor- in-chief” for individual design and senior capstone design naval architecture classes at the U.S. Naval Academy. Prior to this, Mr. Cojeen served as Chief of the Naval Architecture Division in the Office of Design and Engineering Standards for the U.S. Coast Guard for 22 years, before retiring in 2008. In this position, Mr. Cojeen led the division in its mission to enhance marine safety and environmental protection. Mr. Cojeen remained extremely active in the formation of national and international regulations and standards relating to the structure and stability of various commercial vessels. In addi- tion, he led the U.S. delegation to the International Maritime Organization’s Sub-Committee on Stability and Load Lines and on Fishing Vessels Safety. Mr. Cojeen has a B.S.E. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan. Jaye Falls is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering at the U.S. Naval Academy. Prior to this, Dr. Falls served as a Consultant to the Oracle BMW Racing Team for the 2003 America’s Cup, supporting the design and structural analysis of the racing

APPENDIX A 107 yacht hull, mast, and appendages. Dr. Falls also worked as Senior Engineer in the Proteus Engineering Division at Anteon Corporation performing ship design and analysis for monohull, multihull, and submarine vessels. Prior to her time at Anteon, Dr. Falls worked as a Naval Architect at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division. Dr. Falls received a Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from the Univer- sity of Maryland, College Park; an S.M. in ocean engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and a B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture. Jeffrey M. Falzarano is a Professor of Ocean Engineering and the Director of the Marine Dynamics Laboratory at Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. He has more than 25 years of experience as a tenure/tenure track university naval architecture and ocean engineering faculty member. His career has involved both teaching ship/offshore platform dynamics and naval architecture and researching ship dynamic stability. He has supervised various sponsored and unsponsored research projects and graduated more than 50 doctoral, master’s (including several U.S. Coast Guard [USCG] officers), and bachelor’s honors students and served on additional graduate committees both at his home university and internationally. He has pub- lished more than 125 publications primarily in journals or peer-reviewed professional society conference proceedings. His publications are both read and cited extensively. His Ph.D. dissertation and associated publications continue to be both read and cited extensively due to their originality and lasting impact on the field of nonlinear ship dynamics and stability. He has devoted his professional career to the study and research of ship and offshore platform dynamic stability beginning in graduate school and continuing throughout his professional academic career. Based on his significant original contributions to the study of nonlinear and stochastic dynamics of ships and marine structures, he was elected a fellow in both the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). He has served on numerous international advisory committees, includ- ing both the International Towing Tank Conference and the International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress. He has served as an expert on ship dynamics and stability for the National Transportation Safety Board, Marine Research Institute Netherlands, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Naval Facili- ties Engineering Service Center/Office of Naval Research (Mobile Offshore Base Project), and various companies. He has served and continues to serve as editor to various international research journals and session organizer to various international conferences. He is a member of various technical com- mittees of professional societies, including being recently elected chair of the SNAME Technical and Research panel on seakeeping.

108 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE He has given numerous invited lectures at various domestic and inter- national universities and research institutions. He has given and coordi- nated numerous short courses at Texas A&M, at professional conferences, and as visiting professor at other international universities and research institutions. Prior to his academic career, Dr. Falzarano worked for the USCG design branch where he participated in the hydrodynamic design of a proposed SWATH patrol cutter and an icebreaker. Since then, he has also worked, visited, and interned at various U.S. government agencies and labs and inter national research and academic institutions, including the USCG Office of Merchant Marine and the American Bureau of Shipping (MODU Stability Project). Dr. Falzarano received a Ph.D. in naval architecture and marine engineering; an M.S.E. in aerospace engineering; an M.S.E. in applied mechanics; and an M.S.E. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan. He earned his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture. Martha R. Grabowski is the Distinguished McDevitt Chair in Information Systems and a Professor and the Director of the Information Systems pro- gram in the Madden School of Business at Le Moyne College in Syracuse, New York. She is also a Research Professor in the Department of Indus- trial and Systems Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York. A past Chair, current member, and Vice Chair of the National Academies’ Marine Board and a member of the American Bureau of Ship- ping, she is a Lifetime National Associate of the National Academies and most recently chaired the National Academies’ policy study assessing the U.S. Arctic Oil Spill Response capabilities for eight sponsoring agencies. In 2016, she was a member of the Marine Board committee that examined legal impediments to U.S. flag shipping for the U.S. Coast Guard. Dr. Grabowski’s research focuses on the impact of technology on indi- viduals, groups, and organizations in complex, safety-critical systems; risk analysis and risk mitigation in large-scale systems; and the role of human and organizational error in high consequence settings. Her current research includes development and evaluation of (1) advanced data analytics and visualizations for large-scale heterogeneous data sets, including waterway and vessel risk; (2) wearable, immersive augmented reality technology in safety-critical systems; (3) autonomous systems in remote and infrastruc- ture-poor settings; and (4) dynamic resource allocation models and systems in the Arctic. Dr. Grabowski is a licensed former merchant officer and retired Lieu- tenant Commander in the U.S. Naval Reserve. She received a B.S. in marine transportation/nautical science from the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy

APPENDIX A 109 and an M.B.A., an M.S. in industrial engineering, and a Ph.D. in manage- ment/information systems from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Timothy A. Graul retired as Principal of Timothy Graul Marine Design (TGMD) after a 50-year career in naval architecture and marine engineer- ing. While at TGMD, Mr. Graul designed many ferries, small passenger vessels, crewboats, fast supply boats, workboats, and research boats and specialized in issues of lengthening, repowering, tonnage, and stability. In 1991, TGMD was chosen to design the three-masted schooner DENIS SULLIVAN, the official flagship of Wisconsin, which was completed in 2000. Before establishing his own firm in 1981, Mr. Graul managed com- mercial and workboat programs for Peterson Builders, Inc., in Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, a builder of ships and boats in steel, wood, aluminum, and fiberglass. Prior to that, Mr. Graul was the Vice President of Engineering and Sales at Grafton Boat Company, Inc., in Grafton, Illinois, where he was responsible for the design of more than 200 small military and service craft. As an associate member of the Passenger Vessel Association (PVA), Mr. Graul was active in several ad hoc committees and task forces that ad- dressed stability, handicapped access, and passenger weight issues. Mr. Graul has authored and presented papers for various outlets, including the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME), Marine Technology, Workboat Show seminars, IBEX technical sessions, and PVA annual meet- ings. Mr. Graul has performed nonexclusive tonnage admeasurement for Det Norske Veritas and Germanischer Lloyd. Throughout his career, Mr. Graul has served as a mentor and judge of design projects at the U.S. Naval Acad- emy, the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture, and the SNAME Lisnyk Student Ship Design Competition. Mr. Graul received his B.S.E. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan. William B. Hale is the Vice President of Engineering at General Dynamics National Steel and Shipbuilding Company (NASSCO), where he is respon- sible for all aspects of ship concept development, functional engineering, detail and production design, construction liaison, and postdelivery techni- cal support. Mr. Hale has been with NASSCO since 1980, starting as a staff naval architect, and has served in various increasingly responsible assignments in engineering, operations, business development, contracts, and program management. Mr. Hale has participated in the design and construction of 85 ships across 24 different ship classes, for both Navy and commercial cus- tomers. Prior to NASSCO, Mr. Hale served as a Design Engineer for Rohr Marine, providing naval architectural support to the detail design of the U.S. Navy’s 3KSES surface effect ship program. Mr. Hale graduated from the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture with a B.S. in naval architecture

110 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE and marine engineering and has an M.B.A. from San Diego State University. Mr. Hale is a Registered Mechanical Engineer in the State of California, a member of the General Dynamics Engineering and Technology Council, and is active in the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers at the local and national level. Patrick E. Little is a Vice President at Buffalo Marine Service, Inc., with a focus on safety and environmental management as well as towing vessel and tank barge construction and maintenance. He has extensive experience in standards development and compliance verification for commercial vessels, including offshore energy exploration and production systems. Mr. Little is skilled in leading interdisciplinary teams to resolve national and interna- tional technical, strategic planning, and policy issues and served continu- ously with the U.S. Coast Guard from 1986 through 2012, when he retired at the rank of Captain (O-6). Mr. Little received an M.S. in naval architec- ture and marine engineering and an M.S. in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He received his M.B.A. from the University of Baltimore, Maryland, and his B.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy. Donald Liu (NAE), retired as the Executive Vice President and Chief Tech- nology Officer for the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) after a 38-year career. He was elected to the U.S. National Academy of Engineering (NAE) in 2011, and is a Fellow of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine En- gineers (SNAME). He co-authored the SNAME book Strength of Ships and Ocean Structures. His research and interests have focused on finite element structural applications, ship structural dynamics, hull loading, structural stability, and probabilistic methods of structural analysis. Dr. Liu has been an active participant in key national and international organizations that are concerned with ship structures research, development, and design. He served as the ABS representative on the interagency Ship Structures Com- mittee and a member of the Standing Committees of the International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress and the Symposia on Practical Design of Ships and Mobile Units. He served as a member of the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 Implemen- tation Review, a member of the Transportation Research Board (TRB) Committee on Naval Engineering in the 21st Century, and a member of the NAE/NRC Committee on Best Available and Safest Technologies for Offshore Oil and Gas Operations: Options for Implementation. Dr. Liu also served as a Marine Board member of TRB. Dr. Liu has received numerous awards, including the Sea Trade “Safety at Sea” award in recognition of his role in developing the ABS SafeHull system, the Rear Admiral Halert C. Shepheard Award from the Chamber of

APPENDIX A 111 Shipping of America in recognition of his achievements in promoting mer- chant marine safety, and the U.S. Coast Guard Meritorious Public Service Award in recognition of his contributions to marine safety. He was also the recipient of the David W. Taylor Medal from SNAME and the Gibbs Brother Medal from the National Academy of Sciences for outstanding con- tributions in the fields of naval architecture and marine engineering. Dr. Liu received a B.S. from the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, a B.S. and an M.S. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of Arizona. Jane Louie is a Naval Architect with the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, and has more than 15 years of experience in naval architecture. Prior to this, Ms. Louie was a Principal Naval Architect at Gibbs and Cox, Inc. Ms. Louie has experience in all core topics of naval architecture, such as ship synthesis, hydrostatics, stability, weights, general arrangements, hull form design, hydrodynamics, resistance and powering prediction, and ship motion analysis. She has analyzed, designed, and tested software modules to interface with commercial software packages. Ms. Louie is active with the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, serving as Chair and Vice-Chair of the Professional Engineering Exam Committee and Chair and Vice-Chair of the Chesapeake Section. At the national level, she served as Alternate Vice President of Knowledge Management, as Publications Chair, and on the SD-3 Stability Ship Design Panel. Ms. Louie is an active member of the American Society of Naval Engineers and the Society of Women Engineers. Ms. Louie has a B.S. in ocean and aerospace engineering and an M.S. in ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute. She has her Profes- sional Engineer license in the Commonwealth of Virginia. John Womack has practiced in the small commercial vessel field for 34 years, principally in the area of small passenger vessels. During this time, he has worked in all aspects of small commercial vessel design, construction, and repair from the conceptual design, through construction, to the vessel’s final inspections and sea trials. Design responsibilities include all areas of the vessels’ stability, structures, machinery and piping systems, electrical systems, joinery, and outfitting. Projects include the design of more than 30 vessels, including dinner vessels, overnight cruise ships, car ferries, and small oil and work barges. Current projects are the design of the latest generation of Western Rivers and small coastal overnight cruise ships. He also has worked in many aspects of commercial fisheries, including vessel, plant, and equipment design and operations; fishing vessel stability analysis; stock assessments; habitat issues; and crew safety training.

112 USCG VESSEL STABILITY REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE Mr. Womack is an active member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers and has served as the cochairman of the Small Work- ing Vessel Technical and Research Panel. Previously, Mr. Womack served as the naval architect representative on the U.S. Coast Guard’s (USCG’s) voluntary Commercial Fishing Industry Safety Advisory Committee, work- ing to assist the USCG in developing new regulations, inspection programs, and voluntary safety. Mr. Womack received a B.S.E. and an M.S.E. in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan.