A Population Health
Perspective on Middle
School Success
Activities, Programs, and Policies
PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP
Carla Alvarado and Lauren Savaglio, Rapporteurs
Roundtable on Population Health Improvement
Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice
Health and Medicine Division
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and the Association of American Medical Colleges, BlueCross BlueShield of North Carolina, The California Endowment (#10003309), Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisinger, Department of Health and Human Services (#10003388), Kaiser Permanente (#10002957), Nemours, The Rippel Foundation/ReThink Health, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (#10002897), Samueli Foundation, and Wake Forest Baptist Health. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-67782-0
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-67782-3
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25807
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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. A population health perspective on middle school success: Activities, programs, and policies: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25807.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON A POPULATION HEALTH PERSPECTIVE ON MIDDLE SCHOOL SUCCESS: ACTIVITIES, PROGRAMS, AND POLICIES1
CHRISTINE THIELEN (Chair), Association for Middle Level Education
KIMBERLY CHARIS, National Association of State Boards of Education
ANNE DE BIASI, Trust for America’s Health
DIANE WHITMORE SCHANZENBACH, Northwestern University
JOAQUIN TAMAYO, EducationCounsel
JOANNA WILLIAMS, University of Virginia
Health and Medicine Division Staff
ALINA BACIU, Roundtable Director
CARLA ALVARADO, Program Officer (through January 2021)
HARIKA DYER, Senior Program Assistant (starting April 2020)
ROSE M. MARTINEZ, Senior Board Director, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice
___________________
1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
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ROUNDTABLE ON POPULATION HEALTH IMPROVEMENT1
SANNE MAGNAN (Co-Chair), Senior Fellow, HealthPartners Institute
JOSHUA M. SHARFSTEIN (Co-Chair), Associate Dean for Public Health Practice and Training, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
PHILIP M. ALBERTI, Senior Director, Health Equity Research and Policy, Association of American Medical Colleges
JOHN AUERBACH, Executive Director, Trust for America’s Health
CATHY BAASE, Chair, Board of Directors, Michigan Health Improvement Alliance; Consultant for Health Strategy, The Dow Chemical Company
RAYMOND BAXTER, President and Chief Executive Officer, Blue Shield of California Foundation
DEBBIE I. CHANG, Senior Vice President, Policy and Prevention, Nemours
MARC N. GOUREVITCH, Professor and Chair, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
GARTH GRAHAM, President, Aetna Foundation
GARY R. GUNDERSON, Vice President, Faith Health, School of Divinity, Wake Forest University
WAYNE JONAS, Executive Director, Integrative Health Programs, H&S Ventures, Samueli Foundation
ROBERT M. KAPLAN, Professor, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University
DAVID A. KINDIG, Professor Emeritus of Population Health Sciences, Emeritus Vice Chancellor for Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison
MICHELLE LARKIN, Associate Vice President, Associate Chief of Staff, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
PHYLLIS D. MEADOWS, Senior Fellow, Health Program, The Kresge Foundation
BOBBY MILSTEIN, Director, ReThink Health
JOSÉ T. MONTERO, Director, Office for State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Support, Deputy Director, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
___________________
1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.
KAREN MURPHY, Executive Vice President and Chief Innovation Officer, Founding Director, Steele Institute for Health Innovation, Geisinger
MARY PITTMAN, President and Chief Executive Officer, Public Health Institute
RAHUL RAJKUMAR, Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer, BlueCross BlueShield of North Carolina
LOURDES J. RODRIGUEZ, Director, Community-Driven Initiatives at Dell Medical School, Associate Professor, Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin
PAMELA RUSSO, Senior Program Officer, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
MYLYNN TUFTE, State Health Officer, North Dakota Department of Health
HANH CAO YU, Chief Learning Officer, The California Endowment
Health and Medicine Division Staff
ALINA BACIU, Roundtable Director
CARLA ALVARADO, Program Officer (through January 2021)
HARIKA DYER, Senior Program Assistant (starting April 2020)
ROSE M. MARTINEZ, Senior Board Director, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice
Consultant
LAUREN SAVAGLIO, Rapporteur
Reviewers
This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by NANCY FUGATE WOODS, University of Washington. She was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies.
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Contents
Organization of the Workshop and Proceedings
2 TO THRIVE IN MIDDLE SCHOOL AND BEYOND, AND THE MIDDLE SCHOOL YEARS, A 360 VIEW
To Thrive in Middle School and Beyond
The Middle School Years, a 360 View
3 REMARKS FROM THE MAYOR OF OAKLAND AND MIDDLE SCHOOL INSIDE OUT
Remarks from the Mayor of Oakland
4 MULTISECTOR SUPPORT FOR THE MIDDLE SCHOOL EXPERIENCE
Acronyms and Abbreviations
| ACE | adverse childhood experience |
| ADHD | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| AMLE | Association for Middle Level Education |
| BCPS | Broward County Public Schools |
| CFB | Community Foundation of Broward |
| CHSC | Center for Healthy Schools and Communities |
| DCPS | District of Columbia Public Schools |
| ESE | exceptional student education |
| GSA | Gay–Straight Alliance |
| KIPP | Knowledge Is Power Program |
| LA | Los Angeles |
| LESD | Lawndale Elementary School District |
| MCPS | Montgomery County Public Schools |
| MTSS | multi-tiered systems of support |
| NASSP | National Association of Secondary School Principals |
| PBL | project-based learning |
| RJOY | Restorative Justice for Oakland Youth |
| RtI | response to intervention |
| SAAF | Strong African American Families program |
| SEL | social-emotional learning |
| SFF | San Francisco Foundation |
| SoLD | Science of Learning & Development Alliance |
| UVA | University of Virginia |
| UWNCA | United Way of the National Capital Area |
