CHILDREN’S MENTAL HEALTH AND
THE LIFE COURSE MODEL
A VIRTUAL WORKSHOP SERIES
PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP
Megan Snair, Rapporteur
Forum for Children’s Well-Being: Promoting
Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Health for Children and Youth
Board on Children, Youth, and Families
Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
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This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and the American Board of Pediatrics (Unnumbered Award); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (200-2011-38807, TO #69); Conrad N. Hilton Foundation (17605); Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (2018120); Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHSH250201500001I/75R60219F34017); and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (74234). Additional support came from the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Psychological Association, Autism Speaks, Children’s Hospital Association, the Global Alliance for Behavioral Health and Social Justice, the National Federation of Families for Children’s Mental Health, the Nemours Children’s Health System, the Society for Child and Family Policy and Practice, the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Well Being Trust, and ZERO TO THREE. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-68337-1
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-68337-8
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25941
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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Children’s Mental Health and the Life Course Model: A Virtual Workshop Series: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25941.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON CHILDREN’S MENTAL HEALTH AND THE LIFE COURSE MODEL: A VIRTUAL WORKSHOP SERIES
WILLIAM R. BEARDSLEE, Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of Child Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
THOMAS F. BOAT, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Cincinnati
LAUREL K. LESLIE, American Board of Pediatrics and Tufts University School of Medicine
NEAL HALFON (Liaison), Center for Healthier Children, Families, and Communities, University of California, Los Angeles
FORUM FOR CHILDREN’S WELL-BEING: PROMOTING COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE, AND BEHAVIORAL HEALTH OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH
WILLIAM R. BEARDSLEE (Co-Chair),1 Baer Prevention Initiatives and Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
C. HENDRICKS BROWN (Co-Chair),1 Departments of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences, and Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
CHERYL POLK (Co-Chair),2 Safe & Sound
DAVID W. WILLIS (Co-Chair),1 Center for the Study of Social Policy
SANDRA BARRUECO,2 Catholic University of America
HAROLYN M.E. BELCHER, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Center for Diversity in Public Health Leadership Training, Kennedy Krieger Institute
THOMAS F. BOAT,1 University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
FELESIA R. BOWEN,1 College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina
RAHIL D. BRIGGS, ZERO TO THREE; Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Group
TINA CHENG,2 Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
NATHANIEL Z. COUNTS, Montefiore Medical Group
MARTHA B. DAVIS, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
ROBERT H. DUGGER,1 Hanover Provident Capital, LLC; ReadyNation
ALEXA EGGLESTON, Domestic Programs, Conrad N. Hilton Foundation
MARY FRISTAD, Society for Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology; Nationwide Children’s Hospital
LYNDA GARGAN, National Federation of Families for Children’s Mental Health
J. DAVID HAWKINS,1 School of Social Work, University of Washington
KIMBERLY EATON HOAGWOOD, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, New York University
STEPHANIE M. JONES,2 Harvard Graduate School of Education
JENNIFER W. KAMINSKI, Division of Human Development and Disability, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
___________________
1 Until October 2019.
2 Beginning October 2019.
KELLY J. KELLEHER, Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, Health Services Research, Community Health, and Services Research; Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital
AMY WIMPEY KNIGHT, Children’s Hospital Association
UMA KOTAGAL,1 Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
LAUREL K. LESLIE, American Board of Pediatrics; Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine
MARY ANN McCABE, Society for Child and Family Policy and Practice; Society of Pediatric Psychology; Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Applied Psychology, George Mason University
TYLER NORRIS, Well-Being Trust
MARY JANE ROTHERAM-BORUS,1 Child Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Global Center for Children and Families; Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles
CARLOS E. SANTOS,2 Luskin School of Public Affairs, University of California, Los Angeles
ANDY SHIH, Autism Speaks
JOSÉ SZAPOCZNIK,1 Department of Public Health Sciences, Miami Clinical Translational Science Institute; Center for Family Studies, University of Miami
VERA FRANCES “FAN” TAIT, American Academy of Pediatrics
DEBORAH KLEIN WALKER, Global Alliance for Behavioral Health and Social Justice; Boston University School of Public Health
LESLIE R. WALKER-HARDING,2 Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital
Forum Staff
SUZANNE LE MENESTREL, Director
ERIN KELLOGG, Associate Program Officer
STACEY SMIT, Senior Program Assistant
DIANNA TRAN, Christine Mirzayan Science and Technology Fellow (January–April 2020)
___________________
1 Until October 2019.
2 Beginning October 2019.
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Acknowledgments
This workshop proceedings record was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published record of proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings: David W. Willis, Senior Fellow, Center for the Study of Social Policy, Washington, DC. We also thank staff member Ann Styka for reading and providing helpful comments on this manuscript.
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings, nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this record of proceedings was overseen by Patrick H. Deleon, F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine and the Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this record of proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteur and the National Academies.
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Preface
A better understanding of the developmental origins of and influence on children’s behavioral and mental health is especially important now, given a number of rapidly changing patterns observed in society and an increasing level of morbidity. This includes the growing prevalence of mental health disorders and a growing appreciation of the role and impact of neurodevelopmental health problems. This webinar series aimed to both raise awareness about these alarming trends and activate stakeholders, advocates, researchers, practitioners, and partners to implement change strategies that can effectively address these trends.
The Forum for Children’s Well-Being expresses its appreciation to Neal Halfon, University of California, Los Angeles, and the teams at the Life Course Research Network and the Life Course Intervention Research Network for their extensive support in the planning and hosting of this webinar series.
The Forum also thanks Stephen Buka, Brown University, and Matthew Biel, Georgetown University, for the time and expertise they have offered in developing this webinar series.
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Contents
2 Overview and Trends in Children’s Mental Health
Shifting Epidemiology and Drivers of Change
Increasing Mental Health Disorders in Children and Adolescents
3 Developmental Origins of Children’s Mental Health Disorders
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Disorders
Stress Pathways in the Brain and Impacts on Development
Impact of Stress During Periods of Development
Opportunities for Intervention
4 New Ways of Thinking about Children’s Mental Health
Future Opportunities and Challenges