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120 Resources This appendix provides a summary of resources related to access management and safety, indicating how each resource relates to this guidance and would support specific analyses or decisions. NCHRP Research Report 900: Guide for the Analysis of Multimodal Corridor Access Management (Butorac et al. 2018) was produced for access management practitioners. It discusses interactions between access management and different modes of travel (e.g., vehicles, pedestrians, bicyclists, buses, trucks) in terms of operations and safety. This guide presents tools and analysis methods to determine the extent of the interactions. The report can be accessed at http://www.trb.org/ Main/Blurbs/178559.aspx. NCHRP Report 548: A Guidebook for Including Access Management in Transportation Planning (Rose et al. 2005) was developed for access management planning practitioners working in all levels of government. It provides guidance for incorporating access management in the planning process, including separating out different types of plans at various government levels and iden- tifying opportunities where access management can be addressed. The report can be accessed at http://www.trb.org/Publications/Blurbs/156568.aspx. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) CMF Clearinghouse is a web-based repository of published CMFs that is searchable by strategy or study. Each CMF is rated based on the quality of study used to develop the CMF. The CMF value, quality rating, crash type, crash severity, area type, and study information are provided for each strategy. The CMF Clearinghouse was the primary source to identify CMFs for inclusion in Chapter 3 of this guide. The CMF Clearinghouse can be accessed at http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/index.cfm. The Highway Safety Manual (1st Edition) (including Data Needs Guide and Part C Spreadsheets) (AASHTO 2010) offers guidance to practitioners and researchers for incorporating quantitative safety analyses into transportation projects. The Highway Safety Manual (1st Edition) discusses the safety management process and describes methods to evaluate safety performance and predict crashes. The main sections consist of Part A â Introduction, Human Factors, and Fundamentals; Part B â Roadway Safety Management Process; Part C â Predictive Method; and Part D â Crash Modification Factors. The Part C Predictive Method is most relevant to this access management guide and serves as the foundation for Chapter 4. Access to the manual can be found at http://www. highwaysafetymanual.org/. Integrating the Highway Safety Manual into the Highway Project Development Process (Schalkwyk et al. 2012) provides information to government and practitioners on integrating the Highway Safety Manual (1st Edition) into the project development process, including in the planning, alternatives development and analysis, design, and operations and maintenance stages. This guide also offers tools for applying the Highway Safety Manual (1st Edition) and example A P P E N D I X A
Resources 121  applications. The document can be accessed at https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsm/hsm_integration/ hsm_integration.pdf. Scale and Scope of Safety Assessment Methods in the Project Development Process (Atkinson et al. 2016) provides guidance to quantitatively assess safety performance, such as crash frequency and severity, during the project development process. It can help determine an appropriate method to quantify safety performance (e.g., observed, predicted, or expected crashes) based on the scale and scope of the project. The decision process is broken down by project phases, related tasks, and project types. This document can be accessed at https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsm/ fhwasa16106/fhwasa16106.pdf. State Policies and Procedures on Use of the Highway Safety Manual (Hull et al. 2016), funded by the Highway Safety Manual Implementation Pooled-Fund Study [TPF-(255)], is a synthesis of state policies on using the Highway Safety Manual (1st Edition). This document also provides examples and sample language for related policies, including case studies of states that have inte- grated the Highway Safety Manual (1st Edition) into their policies and procedures. This manual can be accessed at https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/hsm/spp/fhwasa16119.pdf. FHWAâs Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (IHSDM) is a software tool to analyze the safety and operational effects of road designs and geometric elements. The evaluation modules of the IHSDM are Crash Prediction; Design Consistency; Intersection Review; Policy Review; Traffic Analysis; and Driver/Vehicle. The IHSDM helps to quantify the safety performance, and thereby identify safety concerns and opportunities, of different geometric road layouts. This sup- ports data-driven design decisions. The tool can be accessed at https://www.ihsdm.org. A Guide to Developing Quality Crash Modification Factors (Gross et al. 2010) is a guidance document for practitioners, consultants, and researchers interested in developing CMFs or learning more about how CMFs are developed. It provides an overview of CMFs and a step- by-step guide for CMF development methods, including strengths and limitations of the different methods. This guide can help users to understand the quality and applicability of CMFs included in Chapter 3. The report can be accessed at http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/collateral/CMF_ Guide.pdf. NCHRP 20-7(314) Final Report: Recommended Protocols for Developing Crash Modification Factors (Carter et al. 2012) provides guidance to researchers and research sponsors for devel- oping and documenting research studies that generate CMFs. This document discusses the dif- ferent study designs for developing CMFs and appropriate study documentation to help users assess and apply the CMFs. The guide can help users to understand the quality of CMFs and potential biases related to specific types of studies. The guide can be accessed at http://www. cmfclearinghouse.org/collateral/CMF_Protocols.pdf. Safety Performance Function Decision Guide: SPF Calibration versus SPF Development (Srinivasan et al. 2013) provides information to agencies and practitioners on whether SPFs should be calibrated or if jurisdiction-specific SPFs should be developed. This guidance doc- ument provides an overview of the different types of SPFs and when they are used, the SPF calibration process, the SPF development process, and the process for agencies to decide how to obtain SPFs. The guide also includes level of effort estimates for SPF calibration and development. The report can be accessed at https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/rsdp/downloads/spf_decision_guide_ final.pdf. Safety Performance Function Development Guide: Developing Jurisdiction-Specific SPFs (Srinivasan and Bauer 2013) provides guidance for developing jurisdiction-specific SPFs. It goes through a step-by-step process for practitioners to develop SPFs and statistical issues associated with SPF development and offers software tool information that can aid in SPF development. The
122 Application of Crash Modification Factors for Access Management steps discussed in this document include determining the use of SPFs, identifying the facility type, compiling necessary data, preparing and cleaning up the database, developing the SPF, developing the SPF for the base condition, developing CMFs for specific treatments, and docu- menting the SPFs. The guide can be accessed at https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/rsdp/downloads/ spf_development_guide_final.pdf. NCHRP 20-7(332) Final Report: Userâs Guide to Develop Highway Safety Manual Safety Perfor- mance Function Calibration Factors (Bahar 2014) offers instructions to develop SPF calibration factors for individual sites based on Highway Safety Manual (1st Edition) Part C Predictive Method. This guide goes through requirements for specific jurisdiction SPF calibration factors, the procedural steps and results for SPF calibration, and case studies of calibration factor development. This guide can be accessed at http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/docs/NCHRP20- 07(332)_FinalGuide.pdf.
