National Academies Press: OpenBook
« Previous: Appendix C: Workshop Agenda
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

Appendix D
WORKSHOP PARTICIPANT BIOS

Ashok Agrawal – American Society of Engineering Education

Agrawal is managing director for professional development at the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE). He was previously vice president for academic affairs at St. Louis Community College–Florissant Valley.

Rakesh Agrawal (NAE) – Purdue University

As Winthrop E. Stone Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering at Purdue University, Agrawal’s interest and passion are in energy production. Previously, he worked at Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., for over two decades, and was selected for the company’s highest technical position, Air Product Fellow.

Franz Aliquo – RPMGRP/ShadowGov

As a creative director/strategist at RPMGRP, Aliquo is “getting [his] hands dirty . . . developing branded film and TV content, and waxing poetic on brand consulting and marketing strategies. . . .” As the owner of ShadowGov, he cofounded StreetWars, a 3-week-long, 24/7 “watergun assassination tournament.”

Laurie Dean Baird – Laderium Media Group

Baird is a strategic consultant in media and entertainment and focuses on emerging technology, social practices, and business models in the changing media landscape. She is a research fellow at the Futures of Entertainment and a strategic consultant at the Georgia Tech Institute for People and Technology.

Kenneth Bernstein – Eleanor Roosevelt High School, Greenbelt, MD

Bernstein is a retired National Board Certified social studies teacher who was a 2010 Washington Post Agnes Meyer Outstanding Teacher. Nationally known for his blogging as “teacherken” at Daily Kos and elsewhere, he served until his retirement as the lead building representative (NEA) at Eleanor Roosevelt High School in Greenbelt, MD.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

Yoram Bresler – University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Bresler is a professor in the Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and of Bioengineering, and research professor at the Coordinated Science Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He founded InstaRecon, Inc., a supplier of technology and services to imaging scanner equipment makers and supply chain partners.

Keith Buffinton – Bucknell University

Buffinton is dean of the College of Engineering and professor of mechanical engineering at Bucknell University. He is also a member of the executive board of the ASEE Engineering Deans Council (EDC) and cochair of the ASEE EDC Undergraduate Experience Committee.

Susan Butts – Susan Butts Consulting

Butts was senior director of External Science and Technology Programs at Dow Chemical Company, where she held various positions for three decades. She has served as president of the Council for Chemical Research (CCR) and is now a consultant in science and technology policy, university-industry-research partnerships, technology transfer, and commercialization.

Paul A. Camuti – Ingersoll Rand

Camuti was named senior vice president, innovation and chief technology officer of Ingersoll Rand in 2011. He was previously president of Smart Grid Applications for Siemens Energy Inc. and president and CEO of Siemens Corporate Research. He founded the industrial software business at Siemens Energy and Automation.

Dean Chang – University of Maryland, College Park

Chang is the founding associate vice president for UMD’s new Academy for Innovation and Entrepreneurship and was previously director of the university’s Mtech Venture-Accelerator and Technology Advancement programs. He was CTO and vice president, Gaming Business at Immersion Corporation, a company he guided over ten years from a four-person startup to a publicly traded, world-leading licensor of haptics technology.

Sandra K. Chhabra – Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology, Alexandria, VA

Chhabra has been a chemistry teacher at Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology for the past 26 years. Born and raised in Thailand, she speaks, reads, and writes four languages.

Uma Chowdhry (NAE) – DuPont

As retired DuPont chief science and technology officer, Chowdhry oversaw DuPont R&D globally and was responsible for formulating the company’s strategy for R&D programs, policies, and procedures to advance its vision, competitive position, and profitability.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

Peter Clancy – Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy, Aurora

Clancy teaches physics and engineering at IMSA, and is in his 18th year of teaching physics, mathematics, engineering, and chemistry at the high school or community college level. Before becoming an educator, he spent 14 years working at IBM, the last 5 of which were in environmental engineering.

Gary Cowger – GLC Ventures LLC

Cowger is chair and CEO of GLC Ventures LLC, a management consultancy on business, manufacturing, and technology strategy. He had a 45-year career at General Motors and, when he retired, was group vice president of Global Manufacturing and Labor Relations.

Manuel De Ponte – The Aerospace Corporation

De Ponte is senior vice president of Aerospace’s National Systems Group, which supports the national security space and intelligence community in the acquisition, launch, and orbital operation of advanced technology space systems in their ground data stations.

Frederick Dillman – Unisys

As CTO of Unisys Corporation, where he has worked since 1980, Dillman oversees research and deployment of new technologies in IT infrastructure, application services, security technologies, and end user services. He is currently leading new initiatives in cloud computing, social networking technologies, new security technologies, and application modernization and modeling capabilities.

Graham Doxey – Global Learning U

Doxey is the founder and CEO of Global Learning U, higher education designed for the growing global middle class through partnerships with academic institutions and employers. He also founded and was president of Neumont University, and holds leadership positions at various businesses.

Joan Ferrini-Mundy – National Science Foundation

Ferrini-Mundy is assistant director of the NSF Directorate for Education and Human Resources (EHR). She has served the Foundation in a number of capacities since 2007, including as inaugural director of the EHR Division of Research on Learning in Formal and Informal Settings. She cochairs the Strategic Plan workgroup of the National Science and Technology Council Committee on STEM Education.

Robert E. Fischell (NAE) – Fischell Biomedical LLC

Fischell is a physicist, inventor, and holder of more than 200 US and foreign medical patents. He has had two pioneering careers. His current career is characterized by forming biotechnology companies to develop and refine his inventions and innovations so that major medical companies may acquire them. Examples of his inventions are coronary stents, the implantable heart defibrillator, and a cranial implant for treating epilepsy. In his former career he helped create the modern era of space satellites.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

Patricia Fuglestad – Dryden Elementary School, Arlington Heights, IL

For nearly three decades Fuglestad has been exploring ways to use new technologies to support, enhance, and transform teaching and learning in the art classroom. In 2007 she launched Art Education 2.0, a social network that aims to connect art classrooms around the globe, enabling art teachers and students to collaborate on shared artistic and educational goals.

Kaigham (Ken) Gabriel – Motorola Mobility

Gabriel is a corporate vice president at Motorola Mobility and deputy of Advanced Technology and Projects (ATAP). He was previously deputy director of DARPA and founder, chair, and chief technical officer of Akustica, a semiconductor company that commercializes microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensors for consumer electronics products.

Anoop Gupta – Microsoft

Gupta is a distinguished scientist at Microsoft Research and works on cross-disciplinary research that has potential for large business or societal impact. Before joining Microsoft, he was a professor of computer science and electrical engineering at Stanford University for 11 years; while there, he and his students founded VXtreme Inc., a Microsoft-acquired company.

Kalyan Handique – DeNovo Sciences

Handique cofounded HandyLab, a startup whose “Jaguar” technology revolutionized the speed and accuracy at which infections are detected. He is now CEO of DeNovo Sciences, whose cancer research and diagnosis platform offers an alternative to painful and invasive biopsies and could one day make it possible to detect cancer before primary tumors are discovered.

Doug Hart – Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Hart is an MIT professor of engineering and a principal investigator in the Hatsopoulos Microfluids Laboratory. He is an inventor, cofounder, and board member of three venture-funded companies, and has a long history of successful inventions both in and outside of academia. His research interests include image processing and optical diagnostics relating to health and the environment.

Eric Hawker – Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

Hawker’s interests include astrophysics, particle physics, engineering, technology, fencing, soccer, science fiction, and self-paced and proficiency-based education. He joined the IMSA faculty to pursue his passion for teaching and physics education. He worked previously at Western Illinois University and the Fermi Lab.

Joseph Helble – Dartmouth College

Helble is dean and professor at the Thayer of School of Engineering at Dartmouth College where, among other things, he has been instrumental in establishing the PhD

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

Innovation Program. His research interests include environmental impacts of fossil energy use with emphasis on mercury, particulate matter, air pollution control, CO2 capture, and combustion-derived pollution.

Prashant K. Jain – University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Jain is an assistant professor in chemistry at UIUC, affiliated with the Materials Research Lab, the Department of Physics, and the Beckman Institute. His research interests are in nano-optics and molecular imaging with the goal of understanding and controlling energy transport, light-matter interactions, and chemical transformations on nanometer-length scales.

Thomas Kalil – White House Office of Science and Technology Policy

Kalil is deputy director for policy at OSTP as well as senior advisor for science, technology, and innovation of the National Economic Council. He previously served as special assistant to the chancellor for science and technology at UC Berkeley, where he developed major new multidisciplinary research and education initiatives.

Pramod Khargonekar – National Science Foundation

As assistant director, Khargonekar leads NSF’s Engineering Directorate in investing in engineering research and education, innovation, and developing the next-generation engineer. He is also Eckis Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Florida.

Elizabeth Kisenwether – Pennsylvania State University

An expert in engineering design, product design, innovation and entrepreneurship, and engineering education assessment, Kisenwether is codirector of the Lion Launch Pad–Center for Penn State Student Entrepreneurship and director of PSU’s engineering entrepreneurship (E-SHIP) minor. She is a member of the ASEE and has chaired its Entrepreneurship Division Program.

Aaron Koblin – Google

Koblin, creative director of the Data Arts team in Google’s Creative Lab, is best known for his innovative uses of data visualization and crowdsourcing. His team at Google worked with Arcade Fire to produce an online music video that allows viewers to incorporate images of their home neighborhood using Google Street View.

Gita Krishnaswamy – Kent School District, WA

Krishnaswamy is the K–12 curriculum coordinator for science and health/fitness in Washington’s Kent School District and a leader in K–12 teaching and learning, secondary science curriculum development, and professional development in science literacy and constructivist pedagogy. She has worked for both public and private school systems in Illinois, California, and Washington and is an experienced public health practitioner.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

James Lightbourne – National Science Foundation

Lightbourne is a senior advisor in the Office of the Director and acting director of the NSF Office of Equal Opportunity Programs. Previous NSF positions include section head in the Division of Undergraduate Education, director of the Division of Graduate Education, and senior advisor for the Directorate for Education and Human Resources.

Marina Lopez – Spry Elementary Community School, Chicago

A visual arts specialist, Lopez works at Spry Community School as a magnet cluster lead teacher. She is a member of the Teacher Advisory Committee with the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago and a program committee member for Chicago Arts Partnership in Education (CAPE).

Cheryl Martin – ARPA-E

As deputy director of the Advanced Research Project Agency–Energy, Martin is responsible for oversight of the agency and also leads its Technology-to-Market program, which helps breakthrough technologies find success in the marketplace.

Nancy Martin – General Electric

Martin works at GE’s Global Research Center in Niskayuna, NY, where she manages (designs and delivers) technical education for the company, including the 1,000-person Edison Engineering program, where she started her career over 30 years ago. Most of her 17 roles at GE have been in management of engineering and research.

Ned McCulloch – IBM

As global issue manager for skills development and education in IBM’s Governmental Program, McCulloch manages the company’s public policy for skills and education across the globe. He was previously counsel to US Senator Joseph Lieberman for health and social policy, and also worked as a lobbyist on health and public employee issues for the Service Employees International Union.

Thomas McKeeff – Sproxil

Currently a business analyst at Sproxil, McKeeff is a cognitive neuroscientist by training. His research focuses on the cortical and cognitive mechanisms that underlie perception, attention, action, and awareness.

Mary Ann Meador – National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Meador is a senior chemical engineer at the NASA Glenn Research Center in the Durability in Coatings Branch. She has also worked at the NASA Lewis Research Center in both the Materials Division and the Polymers Branch, and is an adjunct professor of polymer engineering at the University of Akron.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

Robert Metcalfe (NAE) – University of Texas at Austin

Metcalfe is professor of innovation and Murchison Fellow of Free Enterprise in the University of Texas at Austin’s Cockrell School of Engineering. He invented Ethernet, founded 3Com Corporation, was CEO of IDG’s InfoWorld Publishing Company and wrote a weekly column for 10 years, and is a partner emeritus at Polaris Partners.

Richard K. Miller (NAE) – Olin College of Engineering

Miller is the president and first employee of Olin College of Engineering. Previously, he was dean of the College of Engineering at the University of Iowa. He has consulted to the World Bank for establishing new universities and served on several academic, federal, and industrial advisory boards and committees. He is interested in innovation in higher education and is a frequent speaker on engineering education.

Thomas Miller – North Carolina State University

Miller is executive director of the Entrepreneurship Initiative, initiator of the Engineering Entrepreneurs Program, and vice provost for Distance Education and Learning Technology Applications (DELTA) at NC State, where he is also a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

KT Moortgat – Startup and Business Development Consulting

Formerly a partner of Mohr Davidow Ventures, Moortgat led the investment team’s initiatives fostering the commercialization of technologies that originate in universities and national labs. She is a member of the board of councilors for USC’s Stevens Institute for Innovation, using her experience to help university entrepreneurs.

Samuel Naffziger – Advanced Micro Devices (AMD)

As an AMD corporate fellow, Naffziger drives the company’s low-power design initiatives. He has also been active in the growth of the AMD technical community internally. He led the Itanium design team at Intel for eight years before transferring to AMD.

Jeffrey Owens – Delphi

As CTO and executive vice president, Owens leads Delphi’s innovation strategies and is responsible for its enterprise information technology function and global engineering organization. He also drives the company’s advanced technologies supporting the global megatrends of safe, green, and connected.

Alyssa Panitch – Purdue University

Panitch is the Leslie A. Geddes Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Purdue, where she led a team that discovered a healing material that can be injected directly into a wound site. She was previously associate professor of bioengineering at Arizona State University and has launched three successful startups.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

Joel Podolny – Apple

Podolny is vice president of human resources and dean of Apple University, a program initiated by the company in 2008 to teach executives how to think and ultimately emulate the successful strategies of Steve Jobs. He was previously dean of the Yale School of Management and has been a faculty member at Harvard Business School and Stanford Graduate School of Business.

Jerl J. Purcell III – Cummins

Purcell is executive director at Cummins, Inc., where he led the development of the latest three diesel engine platforms, including the ISF2.8, ISF3.8, and most recently the QSM12, each of which is a clean sheet design and uses modular systems. He is a member of the NAE’s Making Value for America: Foundational Study.

Maria Scileppi – 72U (72 and Sunny)

Scileppi leads 72U, a 72 and Sunny program designed to cultivate the next generation of leaders for the creative industry. She has served as art director at Y&R NY and director at the Chicago Portfolio School, and worked on a collaborative storytelling project, “Journey Home,” based on shared experiences.

Susan Sloan – National Research Council

Sloan is director of the NRC Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable. She has also worked as the corporate/foundation relations consultant for the NSF’s Division of Undergraduate Education and as associate director of the Master of Health Science in Health Policy program at Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health.

Dwayne Spradlin – Health Data Consortium

Spradlin is head of the Health Data Consortium, a major nonprofit private/public initiative supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, US Department of Health and Human Services, and others. He was previously president and CEO of InnoCentive, president of Hoovers Online, president and COO of StarCite Inc., senior vice president at VerticalNet Inc., and director at PriceWaterhouseCoopers.

David Stone – University Laboratory High School, Champaign, IL

Stone teaches biology at University Laboratory High School on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He has been a collaborating educator on a number of projects and has worked with the National Center for Supercomputing Applications.

Nina Tandon – Columbia University/EpiBone

Tandon studies electrical signaling in the context of tissue engineering. She is an adjunct professor of electrical engineering at the Cooper Union and works as an electrical and biomedical engineer at Columbia University’s Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering. She is cofounder and CEO of EpiBone, a company that uses scans of patients’ bone defects and their own stem cells to engineer personalized bone grafts.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×

Herbert Holden Thorp – Washington University in St. Louis

Thorp is a chemist, entrepreneur, inventor, musician, and professor, and has cofounded multiple biotechnology startups. He is provost of Washington University in St. Louis and was previously chancellor of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He has cofounded multiple biotechnology startups, is an inaugural member of the National Advisory Council on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, and serves on the US Manufacturing Competitiveness Initiative for the Council on Competitiveness.

Andy Walshe – Red Bull

As Red Bull’s High Performance Director, Walshe seeks to develop a greater understanding of the “human potential” construct and its application to the betterment of society. He specializes in human performance at the highest levels and the development of talent in a strategic framework to optimize the potential of individuals, teams, and organizations.

Karan Watson – Texas A&M University

Watson is Texas A&M University’s provost and executive vice president for academic affairs. She was previously the school’s vice provost, dean of faculties, and associate provost. She is Regents’ Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering.

Harry West – Continuum Innovation

West has been involved in design and innovation for over 25 years: on the faculty at MIT, as a design consultant at Continuum where he was CEO, and now as an independent consultant working for the World Bank on G2P payments for low-income women in Pakistan. Working with Procter & Gamble he helped create the Swiffer, and working with BBVA he helped create its customer-centric banking model.

Katie Whitefoot – National Academy of Engineering

Whitefoot is senior program officer for Manufacturing, Design, and Innovation at the National Academy of Engineering. She conceptualizes and manages studies on the condition of the US-based manufacturing value chain and implications for businesses, customers, and the nation’s well-being.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 72
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 73
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 74
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 75
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 76
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 77
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 78
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 79
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Workshop Participant Bios." National Academy of Engineering. 2015. Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21698.
×
Page 80
Next: Appendix E: Other Information Desired from the Interview Analysis »
Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders Get This Book
×
 Educate to Innovate: Factors That Influence Innovation: Based on Input from Innovators and Stakeholders
Buy Paperback | $40.00 Buy Ebook | $31.99
MyNAP members save 10% online.
Login or Register to save!
Download Free PDF

Robust innovation in the United States is key to a strong and competitive industry and workforce. Efforts to improve the capacity of individuals and organizations to innovate must be a high national priority to ensure that the United States remains a leader in the global economy. How is the United States preparing its students and workers to innovate and excel? What skills and attributes need to be nurtured?

The aim of the Educate to Innovate project is to expand and improve the innovative capacity of individuals and organizations by identifying critical skills, attributes, and best practices - indeed, cultures - for nurturing them. The project findings will enable educators in industry and at all levels of academia to cultivate the next generation of American innovators and thus ensure that the U.S. workforce remains highly competitive in the face of rapid technological changes. Educate to Innovate summarizes the keynote and plenary presentations from a workshop convened in October 2013. The workshop brought together innovators and leaders from various fields to share insights on innovation and its education. This report continues on to describe the specific skills, experiences, and environments that contribute to the success of innovators, and suggests next steps based on discussion from the workshop.

READ FREE ONLINE

  1. ×

    Welcome to OpenBook!

    You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. Based on feedback from you, our users, we've made some improvements that make it easier than ever to read thousands of publications on our website.

    Do you want to take a quick tour of the OpenBook's features?

    No Thanks Take a Tour »
  2. ×

    Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name.

    « Back Next »
  3. ×

    ...or use these buttons to go back to the previous chapter or skip to the next one.

    « Back Next »
  4. ×

    Jump up to the previous page or down to the next one. Also, you can type in a page number and press Enter to go directly to that page in the book.

    « Back Next »
  5. ×

    Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text.

    « Back Next »
  6. ×

    To search the entire text of this book, type in your search term here and press Enter.

    « Back Next »
  7. ×

    Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email.

    « Back Next »
  8. ×

    View our suggested citation for this chapter.

    « Back Next »
  9. ×

    Ready to take your reading offline? Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available.

    « Back Next »
Stay Connected!