Conducting Aeronautical Special Events at Airports (2013)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

57 APPENDIX G Safety Guidelines Source: Oregon International Air Show ADmISSIoNS 1. All gate personnel will be trained prior to the event on what items are and are not contraband (i.e., types of knives, weapons, tents, large coolers). 2. Inspection of bags at the gate must be thorough. a. Signage posted at gates denotes items not allowed. Admissions will reject contraband items and entrant may dispose of item or leave the property and return without contraband. b. Signage posted at gates define OIA policy (i.e., not responsible for lost, damaged or stolen property). c. No weapons are allowed—except for valid Concealed Weapon Permits. d. No coolers are allowed except for small coolers for infant or medical needs. Special tags are to be attached to coolers allowed. e. No tents allowed; general sized shade umbrellas are ok. f. No bicycles allowed with the exception of Public Safety officials. g. No pets; unless the animal is a designated service animal. 3. Monitors will be placed at the front and back doors of the terminal building to ensure spectators are directed to the proper gates for admission. 4. Volunteers will be held to the same guidelines as the gen- eral public. 5. Airport tenants and guests will be required to have appro- priate credentials/tickets (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, pp. 5–6). CommuNICAtIoN/RADIoS 1. No profanity or inappropriate language is to be trans- mitted. Only Air Show business is allowed on Air Show radios. 2. Use simple language when communicating. 3. Communication should include identification of sender, receiver and issue. 4. If information is confidential, move away from the threat or from those that should not be aware of incident before transmitting. 5. If an emergency arises, volunteers should contact their supervisor first if possible. If the supervisor is not readily available, the volunteer should contact the closest person with access to an air show radio. 6. All emergencies or safety concerns should be communi- cated to air show radio not to 911 (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, p. 6). CoNCESSIoNS/FooD CouRt 1. All alcohol service shall cease 30 minutes prior to the end of the show. 2. Food Booths are required to be inspected by the Wash- ington County Health Department and the Hillsboro Fire Department. 3. When using cooking or heating equipment, a 10’ clear- ance from exits and combustible materials is required. Cooking and heating activities require prior approval from the fire department. Fire Department personnel will be on field throughout Air Show weekend. 4. Every concession stand is required to maintain a mini- mum 2A:10B: C rated fire extinguisher in a readily accessible location. 5. Where cooking is conducted, the fire extinguisher must be upgraded to a 4A:40 B: C rated fire extinguisher. If the cooking requires vegetable or animal oils and fats; or any cooking that produces grease-laden vapors, a “K” rated fire extinguisher will also be required. 6. Extension cords must consist of a three-wire conduc- tor, each conductor shall be #14 gauge or greater size. No two-wire cords are allowed. Multi-plug power strips with circuit breakers are allowed. Multi-plug power strips and extension cords must be plugged directly into a permanent electrical receptacle or approved temporary power tap. Extension cords cannot be plugged into the multi-power strips and all wiring must be protected from physical damage. 7. LPG tanks must be located outside of the concession stand and at least 10’ from cooking devices. LPG tanks must be secured from falling and may be secured to an upright member (pole or structure) of the stand with chains or be nested together in no less than three bottles. The pressure relief valve should be pointed away from concession stand. 8. Paper or fabric decorations must be made of a fire resis- tive material or treated with a fire retardant. 9. Volunteers are required to follow all applicable Oregon Food Handler Requirements. Every food booth must have two volunteers with Food Handler licenses. 10. Canopies must be secured by appropriate tie downs or disassembled to withstand wind gusts from one day to the next. Canopies and tents are required to be nonflam- mable per requirements by Fire Marshal (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, pp. 6–7). ElECtRICAl 1. All power cords that cross walking paths will be marked and secured. 2. All spider boxes will be monitored and will only allow limited access by vendors. 3. Vendors must not exceed limits of electrical outlet usage as agreed upon in booth contracts. Ground Ops will audit via meter reading of electrical consumption at each vendor’s operation during the Air Show. If electrical consumption exceeds contracted amperage, the vendor will either reduce electrical consumption immediately (unplug appliances) or be charged for the next level of power if it is available. If extra power cannot be accessed, vendor will be required to reduce consumption. 4. All electrical equipment shall be listed or labeled and used in accordance with the listing or labeling instructions from

58 the manufacture. Examples of listing labels: ETL, UL, CSA(us), NRTL, . . . . 5. Electrical wiring, devices, appliances and other equip- ment shall be ONLY used if in serviceable condition. Modified or damaged equipment shall NOT be used. 6. Open junction boxes and open-wiring splices shall be PROHIBITED. Approved covers shall be provided for all switch and electrical outlet boxes. 7. Electrical wiring (including extension cords and flex- ible cords), devices, appliances and other equipment used outside or in a potentially hazardous environment (water, dust, hay . . . ) shall be listed for that use. 8. Outdoor public spaces or potentially wet environments shall have Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI) installed in permanent wiring circuits. When NO GFCI is installed on permanent wiring circuits, removable GFCI cords or GFCI power taps shall be used. 9. A minimum working space of 30 inches wide by 36 inches deep and 78 inches high shall be provided in front of all electrical service equipment (electrical pan- els). NO storage of any material shall be located within the working space. 10. Electrical appliances and fixtures shall be tested, listed and installed in accordance with all instructions included as part of such listing. Household listed appliances shall NOT be used for commercial purposes. 11. Extension cords shall NOT be a substitute for permanent wiring. a. Extension cords shall be used ONLY with portable appliances, except when considered temporary wiring. b. Extension cords shall be plugged directly into an approved receptacle, power tap or multi-plug adapter shall serve only ONE device or appliance, except for approved multi-plug extension cords. c. Physical protection is required in public areas with foot traffic. Extension cords used inside or under tent/canopies may be attached in a manner (i.e. plas- tic wire ties, tape) not to create damage (pinch point) to the cord. d. The ampacity of the extension cords shall NOT be less than the rated capacity of the portable appliance supplied by the cord. The minimum required rating is 15 amps. e. Extension cords must be 3-conductor, 14 gauge mini- mum with polarized or grounded plug and receptacle. f. Multi-plug adaptors, such as cube adaptors shall be approved and listed. Adapters without visible listing or marking will NOT be allowed. 12. OIA will have available a limited number of extension cords available for vendor purchase in the event that the vendor has not or cannot procure the appropriate exten- sion cord required for the specific use. 13. Power taps (strips) shall be listed with over-current pro- tection (circuit breaker) integrated into the tap. a. Power tap cords and receptacles shall be polarized or grounded type. b. Power taps shall be directly connected to a perma- nently installed receptacle or other approved recep- tacle (temporary wiring). c. Power taps CANNOT be connected to each other creating a chain of power taps. 14. Power tap cords shall NOT extend through walls, ceil- ings, floors, under doors or floor coverings, or be subject to environmental or physical damage. 15. Temporary wiring (other than extension cords) a. All temporary wiring requires an electrical permit, except for cord and plug installations. b. Temporary wiring for electrical power and lighting installations is allowed for a period NOT to exceed 90 days. Temporary wiring methods shall meet the applicable provisions of the National Electrical Code (NEC) Article 590. c. Temporary wiring attached to a structure shall be attached in an approved manner per NEC (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, pp. 7–9). FINANCE 1. The transportation of money during the Air Show event requires the escort of a security or police officer. This includes the following transactions: a. Transfers between Air Show office and/or Finance Trailer and the bank b. Transfers between the Finance Trailer and the ATM machines. 2. A security or police officer will be posted outside the Finance Trailer at all times during Air Show hours. 3. If personnel are confronted with a robbery attempt, they are to give up the money to minimize risk to their per- sonal safety. 4. In case of a threat on the Air Show grounds or emergency situation where personal safety is at risk, personnel at ticket booths and the Finance Trailer shall lock up the booth/trailer with the money inside and stay close to the facility if possible. 5. Transportation of change from vendor booths to Finance Trailer shall be transported in a discrete container or bag so as not to draw attention to its transport (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, p. 9). GENERAl AvIAtIoN AND RuNwAy SAFEty 1. When gates are open to the public (~ 08:00–18:00) there will be no running engines in any areas where specta- tors are allowed. It is the responsibility of security/safety personnel and Port of Portland to enforce this by prohibit- ing escorts of “live” airplanes and providing marshals if airplanes are crossing taxiways from the West T Hangar. 2. Tie-down areas will be clearly marked with cones and/or other cautionary devices to minimize potential trip hazards. 3. All private aircraft shall be removed from the tie-down area before the Air show event. Any private aircraft not associated with the Air show that remains in the tie-down area shall be clearly delineated by cones and/or other cau- tionary devices to separate the aircraft from pedestrians. 4. The Air show shall supply volunteers and/or security/ safety personnel to monitor taxi ways and tie-down areas. 5. During night show events, additional light sources (i.e. light carts) and volunteers shall be placed along pedes- trian pathways to gates and in areas such as tie-downs to minimize trip hazards. 6. Adequate lighting must be in place along the back access road during the night/evening shows if the corridor will be used for pedestrian access. 7. The T-Hangars will be cordoned off and not accessible during the night/evening show unless lighting is provided (“Safety from the Ground Up,” 2011, pp. 9–10). GRouND oPS AND NoNAIRCRAFt REFuElING 1. All scissor lifts and light towers must have barricades separating spectators.

59 2. Generators and other internal combustion power sources will be kept at least 20 feet away from tents, canopies, and other membrane structures and will be protected from public contact. 3. Smoking is NOT allowed in tents/canopies. “No Smok- ing” signs will be posted in conspicuous locations. 4. Ground Operations will define and set up three “smok- ing areas” on the field and ensure those areas are well marked and meet placement guidelines. 5. Unleaded gasoline (UL gas) and diesel fuel will be staged and stored in the equipment logistic compound. 6. UL gas and diesel in 55 gallon drums should be placed on wooden pallets to facilitate movement and storage. 7. A refueling station will be set up with a canopy placed over the drums to provide shade for the refueling station. The station must be at least 50 feet away from any other structure. 8. Refueling will be done by experienced personnel only as deemed by a ground operations VP. 9. A 2A:10BC fire extinguisher will be staged in the refu- eling station. 10. All open UL gas drums in use will be grounded as well as the equipment being refueled (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, p. 10). Hot PIt 1. Hot Pit access is restricted to Hot Pit crew, performers and their necessary crew wearing an Air Show issued Hot Pit wristband. It is the responsibility of the Hot Pit team to keep unauthorized people out of the Hot Pit. 2. Hot Pit passes will be issued by the OIA office prior to the Air Show. During the Air show event, the Air OP’s VP will control and issue any additional Hot Pit passes. 3. The Air Ops VP may make limited access exceptions as needed. 4. All Hot Pit personnel must wear an orange safety vest when in Hot Pit area. 5. Friends/family of military Hot Pit personnel may enter the Military Hot Pit before or after gate times if accom- panied by military member. Access to friends/family is not allowed during gate times. 6. All Hot Pits must have adequate number of security monitors at the entrances of the Hot Pit such that mem- bers may rotate throughout the day if necessary. Hot Pit personnel will be responsible to contact Security if monitors are not in place before gates open. 7. Stanchions, barriers and guards between Hot Pit fence and Fire Station must be in place when gates open and until all visitors have left. 8. DANGER, DO NOT ENTER signs shall be placed at access points on the Hot Pit fence 9. Following the show, should a performer wish to allow spectator access to their aircraft, that aircraft should be pushed outside the Hot Pit and into the Static area and the following is required: a. At no time will these aircraft run their engines while outside the Hot Pit or Flight Line. b. Notify the performer, that they will be responsible for the safety of spectators and the aircraft. c. Ground Ops will provide stanchions and barrier tape should the performer wish to restrict close approach by spectators. 10. To minimize prop wash or jet exhaust into spectator area, aircraft should be parked so that prop wash or exhaust is directed away from spectators. 11. At the beginning of each air show day, Hot Pit personnel will walk the Hot Pit area and remove as much loose material as practical and repeat periodically throughout the day. 12. Hot Pit personnel will supervise all start-up, taxiing, parking and engine shutdown of all performance air- craft. A MINIMUM OF 50 FEET BETWEEN SPECTA- TORS AND AN OPERATING AIRCRAFT is required and must include crowd control monitors or barriers. 13. Hot Pit personnel will wing-walk [push] and perform any necessary safety services as needed by performer’s ground-crew personnel. a. Hot Pit personnel will only push aircraft as directed by the pilot or mechanic b. Hot Pit personnel will avoid pushing on control sur- faces or other areas when damage to the aircraft or personal injury is possible. 14. All fuel and smoke oil will be handled by qualified/ trained personnel (pilot/Fixed Based Operation (FBO) personnel). If a pilot or mechanic insists on fueling their own plane they will do so under the supervision of the FBO fuel personnel 15. Care will be taken by Hot Pit personnel while filling smoke oil tanks. The pilot or mechanics should be involved in filling since they know how well the tank fills 16. The Air Ops VP will ensure fire extinguishers are on site and staffed when fueling or taking on smoke oil. One Hot Pit person will stand by with a large fire extin- guisher when fuel or smoke oil is being dispensed and when any aircraft is being started. 17. Tugs and forklifts will always be driven by a qualified/ trained operator who is at least 18 years of age. Look- outs will be used to ensure the safety of personnel and to avoid damage to aircraft. 18. Personal vehicles may only be used with permission of Air Ops VP and must be approved prior to weekend by Air Show (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, pp. 10–12). motoRIzED vEHIClES 1. No one under 18 is allowed to drive golf carts, forklifts, gators or any other motorized vehicle. 2. All golf carts and gators shall be marked “No one under 18 may drive this cart.” 3. A valid license must be shown before check out of a golf cart, forklift or gator. 4. All drivers must review and agree to abide to OIA Golf Cart Rules and Regulations. Violation of rules and regulations may result in forfeiture of golf cart if directed by public safety authorities or OIA Safety/ Security personnel. 5. Golf carts, forklifts and gators operated after dark are required to have high intensity lights—driver is responsi- ble to ensure light on vehicle. Vehicles not equipped with lights must be parked at logistics compound at sunset. 6. Golf carts and gators must maintain a slow, cautious speed (5 MPH limit) while maneuvering through crowds. A 15 MPH limit is posted for perimeter roads. Emergency vehicles are the only exception to speed postings. 7. Golf carts and gators will not be allowed in crowded areas (except in emergencies or for handicap shuttles) such as the reserved seating section. Separate paths will be created for carts and gators that are required to ser- vice the chalet or food booths in the reserved section. 8. Pedestrians have the right of way. Golf carts and gators shall stop for pedestrian traffic crossing its path.

60 9. Vehicles shall not block pedestrian pathways including entry and exit gates unless specifically directed to do so by Safety/Security personnel. 10. Golf carts and gators are not to be overloaded with pas- sengers. Golf carts and gators are to be used as designed by manufacturer. 11. Golf carts used by Safety and Security personnel shall be clearly marked as such. 12. Only emergency vehicles are allowed to travel on active taxi or runways and are required to have emergency warning lights activated to ensure visibility by Tower and others. 13. Motorized vehicles are not allowed on the static dis- play roads or entertainment area during open gate hours (except public safety vehicles). Vehicles that are “not on display” will be removed to the ramp pass area prior to gate opening. Failure to remove the vehicle upon notifi- cation may result in the vehicle being towed at the own- er’s expense (“Safety from the Ground Up,” 2011, p. 12). PARkING 1. Parking attendants are required to have flashlights and/or glow sticks after dark. 2. All parking attendants are required to have orange vests. 3. Parking attendants must be 16 years of age or older and attend required training session. 4. Police presence is required at the following locations: a. 25th from Griffin Oaks to Orange Gate b. 34th and Cornell c. 25th and Griffin Oaks 5. Drinking water is accessible at central parking areas for volunteers. 6. Portable and disability restrooms for volunteers are required within central parking areas. 7. Monitor(s) shall be assigned to the Disability Parking area to direct traffic during the opening and closing of the Air Show to ensure the safe movement of vehicles and pedestrians (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, p. 13). PERFoRmER REquIREmENtS 1. Timely arrival and departure. Performers will arrive before show begins; depart after show ends according to schedule. Fly friendly procedures will be given to all participants. The goal is to minimize traffic over residential areas. 2. Attendance at required Air Show briefings. These brief- ings will cover optimal flight paths and safe, emergency landing locations and other pertinent information. Brief- ing “Sign In” will be required. 3. Cooperation during periodic Air Show checks around air- craft parking to assure no fuel leakage or safety hazards. In addition, all Air Show performers will: 1. Have aircraft inspected by FAA Inspector upon arrival at Air Show. 2. All civilian aerobatic performers will be sanctioned by the International Council of Air Shows and their ACE (Aerobatic Competence Evaluation) card is current and valid (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, pp. 13–14). uNAttENDED PRoPERty 1. Unattended property should generally be handled as found property and reported to Air Show Radio. 2. If for any reason the property appears suspicious, Air Show radio is to be immediately notified for police response. It should not be handled and is to be quaran- tined by cordoning off the area until the item is deter- mined safe by public safety personnel. 3. Public Safety and Portland Police Bomb Squad personnel will be on site to respond to reports of suspicious property (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, p. 14). SEAtING 1. No standing allowed on folding chairs. Reserved Area to have clear signage posted. 2. Folding chairs orientated in rows must be secured in groups of three or four with tie wraps connecting chair legs to provide greater stability. 3. To allow adequate egress, aisle ways shall be no less than 4 feet wide. Rows will not be less than 14 inches apart. 4. A designated stroller area is to be implemented for stor- age of strollers in the reserved seating section to prevent trip and egress hazards within the seating rows (“Safety from the Ground Up,” 2011, p. 14). StAtIC DISPlAy REquIREmENtS 1. Parking for experimental and classic static display aircraft will be on the itinerant aircraft parking ramp across from the fueling mushroom. The tower will have a list of the registered static display aircraft, and will provide taxi clearance to static display parking for those who have pre-registered. Non- pre-registered air- craft will be instructed to taxi to temporary itinerant parking adjacent to the NETs and will not be part of the Experimental Static Display. Incoming pre-registered experimental or classic aircraft may ask the tower for taxi instructions to “experimental static display”. The aircraft will shut down on the taxiway east of the dis- play area unless a ramp volunteer guides the craft to a parking space. 2. Aircraft are not allowed to operate their engines in the Static Display area after the gates are open. 3. Static display aircraft may arrive before gates open and may depart after gates close as long as the field is clear of spectators. Aircraft must be pushed or towed to the taxiway east of the static display area where spectators are not allowed. There will be volunteers to help push static display aircraft. 4. When moving aircraft from or to the static display area, a minimum of 3 personnel shall marshal the plane, one at each wing and one at the tail 5. Minimal movement of aircraft in or out of the Static Dis- play area between gate open and gate closure will be allowed. Movement of aircraft during this time must be approved by Ground Ops, Air Ops, and Security leaders in advance. 6. Utilize heavy stanchions to separate aircraft from spectators. 7. If an aircraft has a fluid leak (such as fuel, motor oil or hydraulic fluid), stanchions and barriers must be in place to separate crowds from exposure to leakage. Proper collection methods must be used, such as buckets, drip pans, etc. 8. Apply “DO NOT ENTER” barrier tape between stan- chions. “Caution” or Authorized Personnel Only” tape is not as effective and should not be used in this situation.

61 9. Assign appropriate number of volunteers to patrol the Static Area to enforce crowd safety 10. Any aircraft in the Static Display area that needs to start an engine to move for a performance or fly-by should be placed as close as possible to the Hot Pit entrance (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, pp. 15–16). All Air Show Static Display participants will: 1. Meet all FAA guidelines. Pilot and aircraft must be in compliance with FARs and be able to show documenta- tion if necessary. 2. Provide proof of the following prior to the Air Show weekend: a. Completed Air Show registration form b. Pilot license c. Airworthiness certificate & Aircraft Registration d. Medical certificate e. Signed Aircraft Maintenance Records form f. Insurance certificate showing $1 million coverage. 3. Arrive before show begins and depart after show ends according to schedule. 4. Attend required orientation. 5. Cooperate with Air show personnel and periodic safety checks through the show. StERIlE CoRRIDoR/AERobAtIC boX 1. It is imperative that a strong on-going positive relation- ship be established with residents, tenants and businesses located in the Sterile Corridor and that communication continue year round with these residents, tenants and businesses. It is critical to treat them with respect and to keep in perspective that this is their home/daily work area and that the Air Show is a guest. 2. All documents required by the FAA must be signed by residents and businesses living in the Sterile Corridor prior to the Air Show. It is suggested that this approval be done very early in the planning stage. For example, for an August Air Show, approval forms should be sent out in January or as soon as the line-up of the Air Show is established. 3. The OIA president and designated personnel shall initi- ate early and frequent meetings with FAA representa- tives for planning purposes. 4. A designated monitor will be assigned to physically check all homes in the sterile corridor to ensure they are vacated/clear in time for jet team flights (both practice and actual shows). This monitor must call the Air boss for release of jet teams. 5. All streets in sterile corridor must be closed prior to jet team flights. Assigned security must cover all areas and keep people from encroaching upon the Sterile Corridor during practices and performances of jet teams. 6. Street closure and opening times must be published in advance and security must be available to close and open streets according to that schedule. 7. Clear communication with the public via road signage, newspaper notices and letters to businesses/residents near the airport is required prior to the Air Show. 8. During jet team performance years, if a sterile corridor area/delineation is required within the spectator area, the following layout and/or communication is required: a. Port-a-potties and water sources shall be located such that they are available through the entire event. b. Contracts with vendors or sponsors shall clearly state times of closure if required. c. FAA, Port of Portland and OIA shall review and clearly define operation details such as number of spectators allowed in or traveling through the ‘sterile’ area. d. Clear publication/posters to communicate to pub- lic safety personnel, monitors and spectators which areas will be affected by closures. e. Clear announcement to public safety personnel, monitors and spectators effected areas, closures and re-opening f. Communication to tenants regarding field requirements and closures needed for jet team practice days before the Air show. Monitors shall ensure tenants/field is in compliance with requirements during practice days. 9. All hangar tenants must be informed of Air Show sched- ule and of any impacts to them prior to Air Show. Clear communication will include road signage and letters to individual tenants prior to the Air Show. 10. Hangars will be included in the area monitored by police throughout the Air Show. 11. All tenants are expected to adhere to requirements required by a sterile box including restricting the move- ment of personnel during stated times for the sterile cor- ridor and aerobatic box. 12. Street closure and opening times must be published in advance. 13. On-field Public Safety will be located along the Crowd Line to ensure no encroachment from the crowd into either the Aerobatic or Sterile Corridor (“Safety from the Ground Up,” 2011, pp. 16–17). wEAtHER, INSECtS, AND otHER NAtuRAl ENvIRoNmENtAl CoNCERNS 1. Potable water stations and locations of those stations should have prominent signage. 2. Bee and yellow jacket traps and/or spray should be applied near the food court and reserved seating before and during the event. 3. In the case of a bee/wasp sting, the person should be taken to the nearest first aid station (“Safety from the Ground Up” 2011, p. 17).