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164 Size-exclusion gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is one of the spectroscopic methods included in the Phase 2 laboratory effort. To obtain a chromatogram, GPC was coupled with ultraviolet (UV) detectors and evaporative light-scattering detectors (ELSDs). In the first round, the chromatograms of pure compounds and components (as supplied by manufacturers) were obtained to verify the overall applicability of GPC. The team focused only on the qualitative analysis of the chromatograms of pure com- pounds (e.g., structural coatings, pavement markings, and chemical admixtures), which translated into the identification of materials and components based on their characteristic peaks. The meaningful chromatograms were obtained for all pure materials with molecular weights higher than 1,000 Da (see Table L.1). For that reason, GPC was an unsuitable method for the solvent parts of structural coatings (Part B of Carbozinc 859 and Scotchkote), epoxy-based pavement markings (Epoplex LS50), and epoxy adhesives for concrete repair. Another reason for the failure to evaluate GPC results was a total absence of both UV and ELSD signals for liquids that do not absorb UV and scatter light, such as some chemical admixtures for portland cement concrete (PCC) (Eucon Retarder 75 and Accelguard 80) and all anti- stripping agents. All successful GPC chromatograms can be found in this appendix. A comprehensive literature search in Phase 1 showed that GPC had been successfully used for the evaluation of asphalt products. Therefore, a special evaluation of asphalt-related products, such as polymer-, antistripping- and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP)-modified asphalt binders and hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures, was conducted in the laboratory, as discussed in Appendix O. A p p e n d i x L GPC Chromatograms
165 Table L.1. Summary of GPC Applicability Material Category Brand Name Applicability (Yes/No) Reason not Applicable Structural coatings Carbozinc 859 Part A Yes Carbozinc 859 Part B No Low molecular weight (<1,000) Scotchkote 413 Part A Yes Scotchkote 413 Part B No Low molecular weight (<1,000) Pavement markings All Weather paint white Yes LS 50 White No Low molecular weight (<1,000) LS 50 Yellow No Low molecular weight (<1,000) LS 50 Hardener No Low molecular weight (<1,000) Epoxy adhesives for concrete repair Ultrabond 1100 Part A No Low molecular weight (<1,000) Ultrabond 1100 Part B Yes Sikadur 31 Part A No Low molecular weight (<1,000) Sikadur 31 Part B No Low molecular weight (<1,000) Chemical admixtures for PCC Air Mix 200 No Low molecular weight (<1,000) Retarder 75 No No UV and ELSD signal Accelguard 80 No No UV and ELSD signal ADVA 190 No Low molecular weight (<1,000) Curing compounds for PCC Sealtight 1100 Yes Safe-Cure 1200 Yes Safe-Cure Clear Yes Neat asphalt binders PG 58-28 Yes PG 64-22 Yes Polymer modifiers for asphalt binders Elvaloy 4170 Yes Kraton Yes Butonal No No UV and ELSD signal Asphalt emulsions CRS-1 Yes CRS-1P Yes Antistripping agents Kling Beta 2912 No No UV and ELSD signal Kling Beta 2700 No No UV and ELSD signal AD-here 65 No No UV and ELSD signal Polymer-modified asphalt binders PG 52-34 1.5% SBR latex Yes PG 64-28 3.3% SBR latex Yes PG 64-22E + 1%â6% SBS Yes RAP-modified asphalt binders PG 64-22W + RAP Yes Oxidation in RAP RAP mixes extracted from aggregate Yes RAP-modified HMA HMA + RAP + 1%â6% SBS Yes Antistripping-modified asphalt binders PG 64-22W + AD-here 65, Kling Beta 2912 No No UV and ELSD signal Cured epoxy adhesives for concrete repair Cured Ultrabond 1100 No Unable to dissolve Cured Sikadur 31 No Unable to dissolve
166 Figure L.1. GPC profile for Carbozinc 859 Part A (UV detector). Figure L.2. GPC profile for Carbozinc 859 Part A (ELSD). Figure L.3. GPC profile for Carbozinc 859 Part B (UV detector). Figure L.4. GPC profile for Carbozinc 859 Part B (ELSD). Figure L.5. GPC profile for Scotchkote 413 Part A (UV detector). Figure L.6. GPC profile for Scotchkote 413 Part A (ELSD).
167 Figure L.7. GPC profile for Scotchkote 413 Part B (UV detector). Figure L.8. GPC profile for Scotchkote 413 Part B (ELSD). Figure L.9. GPC profile for All Weather White traffic paint (UV detector). Figure L.10. GPC profile for All Weather White traffic paint (ELSD).
168 Figure L.11. GPC profile for Epoplex LS50 White traffic paint (UV detector). Figure L.13. GPC profile for Epoplex LS50 Yellow traffic paint (UV detector). Figure L.12. GPC profile for Epoplex LS50 White traffic paint (ELSD). Figure L.14. GPC profile for Epoplex LS50 Yellow traffic paint (ELSD).
169 Figure L.15. GPC profile for Epoplex LS50 hardener (UV detector). Figure L.16. GPC profile for Epoplex LS50 hardener (ELSD). Figure L.17. GPC profile for Ultrabond 1100 Part A (UV detector). Figure L.18. GPC profile for Ultrabond 1100 Part A (ELSD).
170 Figure L.19. GPC profile for Ultrabond 1100 Part B (UV detector). Figure L.21. GPC profile for Sikadur 31 Part A (UV detector). Figure L.20. GPC profile for Ultrabond 1100 Part B (ELSD). Figure L.22. GPC profile for Sikadur 31 Part A (ELSD).
171 Figure L.23. GPC profile for Sikadur 31 Part B (UV detector). Figure L.24. GPC profile for Sikadur 31 Part B (ELSD). Figure L.25. GPC profile for Air Mix 200 (UV detector). Figure L.26. GPC profile for Air Mix 200 (ELSD).
172 Figure L.27. GPC profile for Eucon Retarder 75 (UV detector). Figure L.29. GPC profile for Accelguard 80 (UV detector). Figure L.28. GPC profile for Eucon Retarder 75 (ELSD). Figure L.30. GPC profile for Accelguard 80 (ELSD).
173 Figure L.31. GPC profile for ADVA 190 (UV detector). Figure L.32. GPC profile for ADVA 190 (ELSD). Figure L.33. GPC profile for Sealtight 1100 (UV detector). Figure L.34. GPC profile for Sealtight 1100 (ELSD).
174 Figure L.35. GPC profile for Safe-Cure 1200 (UV detector). Figure L.36. GPC profile for Safe-Cure 1200 (ELSD). Figure L.37. GPC profile for Safe-Cure Clear (UV detector). Figure L.38. GPC profile for Safe-Cure Clear (ELSD).
175 Figure L.39. GPC profile for PG 64-28 asphalt binder (UV detector). Figure L.40. GPC profile for PG 64-28 asphalt binder (ELSD). Figure L.41. GPC profile for PG 52-34 asphalt binder (UV detector). Figure L.42. GPC profile for PG 52-34 asphalt binder (ELSD).
176 Figure L.44. GPC profile for Elvaloy 4170 (ELSD). Figure L.43. GPC profile for Elvaloy 4170 (UV detector). Figure L.45. GPC profile for Kraton D1101 (UV detector). Figure L.46. GPC profile for Kraton D1101 (ELSD).
177 Figure L.47. GPC profile for BASF Butonal NX1138 (UV detector). Figure L.48. GPC profile for BASF Butonal NX1138 (ELSD). Figure L.49. GPC profile for CRS-1 asphalt emulsion (UV detector). Figure L.50. GPC profile for CRS-1 asphalt emulsion (ELSD).
178 Figure L.51. GPC profile for CRS-1P asphalt emulsion (UV detector). Figure L.53. GPC profile for Kling Beta 2912 antistripping agent (UV detector). Figure L.52. GPC profile for CRS-1P asphalt emulsion (ELSD). Figure L.54. GPC profile for Kling Beta 2912 antistripping agent (ELSD).
