Economic Impact Case Study Tool for Transit (2016)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

39 Database Dictionary This appendix shows the data items included in the database of transit impact case studies. It also shows how this data- base is modified from the data dictionary that was originally developed for highway case studies as part of SHRP 2 Project C03. Items that have been modified from the original data- base are showing in italics. Items that have been added to the new database for transit cases are displayed in bold. All items that were used in the original database are also included in the transit database unless otherwise noted, although some are not displayed in the pilot web tool. Those items that were included in the highway impact database but excluded from the transit impact database design are shown with strikethroughs. A P P E N D I X A (continued on next page) Field Name Field Type Unit of Measure- ment Source of Data Description Case study name Text N/A Interviews Name of Case study ID Number N/A Interviews Project ID# State Text N/A Project Location State where the project was located City Text N/A Project Location City where the project was located Impact Area Text N/A Project Location Brief description of affected neighborhoods or areas Description Text N/A Interviews Text description of the project to give the reader a quick understanding of the project and results in one to two short paragraphs Narrative HTML N/A Researcher synthesis of data 3- to 5-page HTML-formatted text Sponsor Text N/A Project documents Transit Agency Classification/Type Text N/A Interviews and project documents Type of transportation project (Single Station, New Line, Line Extension, Service Improvement) Project Motivation - Rail Access Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Purpose for project investment Project Motivation - Site Development Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Purpose for project investment Project Motivation - Labor Market Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Purpose for project investment Project Motivation - Tourism Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Purpose for project investment Project Motivation - Congestion Mitigation Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Purpose for project investment Planned Cost (YOE$'s) Currency Dollars Interviews, studies, & reports Initial planned cost of the project Actual Cost (YOE$'s) Currency Dollars Interviews, studies, & reports Final actual cost of the project in year-of- expenditure dollars at completion Actual Cost (Constant Dollars) Currency Dollars Interviews, studies, & reports Final actual cost of the project adjusted to current dollars at time of study Length (miles) Number Miles Interviews and project documents Length of the construction in miles (zero for single station projects)

40 Field Name Field Type Unit of Measure- ment Source of Data Description Distressed national rate for the initial study year. BEA Region Text Description Geographic location Aggregated BEA regions (Rocky Mountain/Far West, Southeast, Southwest, Great Lakes/Plains, Northeast/Mid-Atlantic, and International) Population Density Number Population per square mile Census products including gazetteer files for areas and decennial census or ACS data (2005 – Current) for zip code tabulation area (ZCTA) population, or LEHD place of residence data for census tracts or smaller (2002 – Current Release). Population per square mile of land area in the affected local geography for the initial study year. (Geography and timing should be consistent with pre-year data collection). Population Growth Rates Number Percentage U.S. Census products or local data Population growth rate over the 5 years preceding construction (may require interpretation between earlier decennial censuses). Employment Growth Rate Number Percentage Economic Census (years ending in 2 or 7) or Zip-code tabulations of the County Business Patterns (ZBP) (1994 – Current Release) or LEHD place of work data for census tracts or smaller (2002 – Current Release). Employment growth rate over the 5 years preceding construction (may require interpretation between earlier Economic Censuses). Market Size Number Population www.bls.gov or Census products for MSAs Pop. within a Labor Market Area (LMA) at the time of construction. Current LMA definitions are based on the Core-based Statistical Areas (CBSAs), but previous definitions should be used as appropriate. Months Duration Number Months Interviews & research Total construction span in months Initial Study Date Number Year Interviews & research Year before Construction (or year of initial study of project) Construction Start Date Number Year Interviews & research Year construction began Construction End Date Number Year Interviews & research Year construction ended Post-Construction Study Date Number Year Interviews & research Year of highest observable impacts (or year of post-project impact study) GIS lat Coordinates Number Decimal Degrees Google Maps or Earth Coordinates defining the geospatial center of the project GIS long Coordinates Number Decimal Degrees Google Maps or Earth Coordinates defining the geospatial center of the project Average Daily Weekday Ridership Number Trips/Boardings & Alightings Interviews & research For single stations, or extensions, measures of only boardings or alightings should be scaled up to represent trips. Class Level Text Description Census Bureau Principal City designations and interviews Metro, Mixed, or Rural and Urban Core or Suburban - Original classifications remain available so that previously studied highway-transit intermodal facilities can be integrated. New Core/Suburban designations based on CBSA Principal City classifications plus researcher insight from interviews on impact area type. Economically Number Ratio BLS LAUS Local unemployment rate divided by the (Continued).

41 Field Name Field Type Unit of Measure- ment Source of Data Description Local (years ending in 2 or 7) or Zip-code tabulations of the County Business Patterns (ZBP) (1994 – Current Release) or LEHD place of work data for census tracts or smaller (2002 – Current Release). place of employment, pre-project) (ZBP tabulations exclude several industry sectors and will not be comparable to county and state job totals.) Pre - Number of Jobs - County Number Jobs BEA Table CA25N Total number of jobs at the county level (by place of employment: pre-project) Pre - Number of Jobs - State Number Jobs BEA Table CA25N Total number of jobs at the state level (by place of employment: pre-project) Post - Business Sales - Local Currency Dollars Economic Census (years ending in 2 or 7) – Statistics of U.S. Businesses or Local Comptrollers, etc. Total revenue of businesses at the local level (post-project) (available by census- designated places (municipalities) with population greater than 2,500 (2012) and 5,000 (2007)). Pre - Business Sales - County Currency Dollars Economic Census (years ending in 2 or 7) – Statistics of U.S. Businesses Total revenue of businesses at the county level (pre-project) Pre - Business Sales - State Currency Dollars Economic Census (years ending in 2 or 7) – Statistics of U.S. Businesses Total revenue of businesses at the state level (pre-project) Pre- Tax Revenue- Local Currency Dollars Auditors, tax reports, & department of revenues Total annual local tax revenue (pre-project) Pre- Tax Revenue- County Currency Dollars State Comptroller, Dept. Revenue, or Finance Total annual county tax revenue (pre- project) Pre - Tax Revenue - State Currency Dollars U.S. Census - State and Local Government Finances survey; State Comptroller, Dept. Revenue, or Finance Total annual state tax revenue (pre-project) Pre - Personal Income Per Capita - Local Currency Dollars www.city-data.com, State dept. of revenue, & local sources Per Capita Income at the local level (pre- project) (Note that most Census products provide household income, which is not comparable with per capita income measures.) (Income at the zip-code or other small geographic unit is not consistently available). Pre - Personal Income Per Capita - County Currency Dollars BEA Table CA1 Per Capita Income at the county level (pre- project) Pre - Personal Income Per Capita - State Currency Dollars BEA Table CA1 Per Capita Income at the state level (pre- project) Pre- Economic Distress - Local Number Ratio BLS LAUS (1990 – Current) or local sources Local unemployment rate relative to national rate (pre-project) (LAUS is only available for cities and towns with more than 25,000 population) Pre- Economic Distress – County Number Ratio BLS LAUS (1990 – Current) County(ies) unemployment rate relative to national rate (pre-project) Pre - Economic Distress - State Number Ratio BLS LAUS (1990 – Current) State unemployment rate relative to national rate (pre-project) Pre - Number of Jobs - Number Jobs Economic Census Total number of jobs at the local level (by Airport Travel Distance Number Miles FAA and Google Maps Distance to major airports from representative project station (continued on next page)

42 Field Name Field Type Unit of Measure- ment Source of Data Description files for areas and decennial census or ACS data (2005 – Current) for zip code tabulation area (ZCTA) population, or LEHD place of residence data for census tracts or smaller (2002 – Current Release). Pre - Density - County Number Population per square mile U.S. Census products Population per square mile of land area in the affected county area (pre-project) Pre - Density - State Number Population per square mile U.S. Census products Population per square mile of land area in the affected state area (pre-project) Post - Personal Income Per Capita - Local Currency Dollars www.city-data.com, state dept. of revenue, & local sources Per Capita Income at the local level (post- project) (Note that most Census products provide household income which is not comparable with per capita income measures) (income at the zip-code or other small geographic unit is not consistently available). Post - Personal Income Per Capita - County Currency Dollars BEA Table CA1 Per Capita Income at the county level (post-project) Post - Personal Income Per Capita - State Currency Dollars BEA Table CA1 Per Capita Income at the state level (post- project) Post - Economic Distress - Local Number Ratio BLS LAUS (1990 – Current) or local sources Local unemployment rate relative to national rate (post-project) (LAUS is only available for cities and towns with more than 25,000 population) Post - Economic Distress - County Number Ratio BLS LAUS (1990 – Current) County unemployment rate relative to national rate (post-project) Post - Economic Distress - State Number Ratio BLS LAUS (1990 – Current) State unemployment rate relative to national rate (post-project) Post - Number of Jobs- Local Number Jobs Economic Census (years ending in 2 or 7) or Zip-code tabulations of the County Business Patterns (ZBP) (1994 – Current Release) or LEHD place of work data for census tracts or smaller (2002 – Current Release). Total number of jobs at the local level (by place of employment, post-project) (ZBP tabulations exclude several industry sectors and will not be comparable to county and state job totals.) Pre - Population - County Number Population BEA CA1, U.S. Census Population of the county area (pre-project) Pre - Population - State Number Population BEA CA1, U.S. Census Population of the state area (pre-project) Pre - Property Value - Local Currency Dollars U.S. Census, County Appraiser Median value for specified owner-occupied housing units at the local level (pre- project); Available for Census Designated places but not sub-municipal geographies except ZCTAs after 2011 and tracts in 2000. Pre - Property Value - County Currency Dollars U.S. Census products Median value for specified owner-occupied housing units at the county level (pre- project) Pre - Property Value - State Currency Dollars U.S. Census products Median value for specified owner-occupied housing units at the state level (pre-project) Pre - Density - Local Number Population per square mile Census products including gazetteer Population per square mile of land area in the affected local geography (pre-project) Pre - Population- Local Number Population U.S. Census & local data Population of the local area (pre-project) (Continued).

43 Field Name Field Type Unit of Measure- ment Source of Data Description State (years ending in 2 or 7) – Statistics of U.S. Businesses level (post-project) Post - Tax Revenue - Local Currency Dollars Auditors, tax reports, & department of revenues Total annual local tax revenue (post- project) Post - Tax Revenue - County Currency Dollars State Comptroller, Dept. Revenue, or Finance Total annual county tax revenue (post- project) Post - Tax Revenue - State Currency Dollars U.S. Census - State and Local Government Finances survey; State Comptroller, Dept. Revenue, or Finance Total annual state tax revenue (post- project) Post - Population- Local Number Population U.S. Census & local data Population of the local area (post-project) Post - Population - County Number Population BEA CA1, U.S. Census Population of the county area (post-project) Post - Population - State Number Population BEA CA1, U.S. Census Population of the state area (post-project) Post -Property Value- Local Currency Dollars U.S. Census, County Appraiser Median value for specified owner-occupied housing units at the local level (pre- project); Available for Census Designated places but not sub-municipal geographies except ZCTAs after 2011 and tracts in 2000. Post - Property Value - County Currency Dollars U.S Census products Median value for specified owner-occupied housing units at the county level (pre- project) Post - Property Value - State Currency Dollars U.S Census products Median value for specified owner-occupied housing units at the state level (pre-project) Post - Density - Local Number Population per square mile Census products including gazetteer files for areas and decennial census or ACS data (2005 – Current) for zip code tabulation area (ZCTA) population, or LEHD place of residence data for census tracts or smaller (2002 – Current Release). Population per square mile of land area in the affected local geography (pre-project) Post - Density - County Number Population per square mile U.S Census Population per square mile of land area in the affected county area (post-project) Post - Number of Jobs - State Number Jobs BEA Table CA25N Total number of jobs at the state level (by place of employment: post-project) Post - Business Sales - Local Currency Dollars Economic Census (years ending in 2 or 7) – Statistics of U.S. Businesses or Local Comptrollers, etc. Total revenue of businesses at the local level (post-project) (available by census- designated places (municipalities) with population greater than 2,500 (2012) and 5,000 (2007)). Post - Business Sales - County Currency Dollars Economic Census (years ending in 2 or 7) – Statistics of U.S. Businesses Total revenue of businesses at the county level (post-project) Post - Business Sales - Currency Dollars Economic Census Total revenue of businesses at the state Post - Number of Jobs - County Number Jobs BEA Table CA25N Total number of jobs at the county level (by place of employment: post-project) (continued on next page)

44 Field Name Field Type Unit of Measure- ment Source of Data Description Infrastructure Negative Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Was complementary transportation, water, electricity, etc. infrastructure in place? Land Use Positive Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Were there supportive land use policies and zoning in the impact areas? Land Use Negative Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Were there supportive land use policies and zoning in the impact areas? Financial Incentives/ Business Climate Positive Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Did public or private actors provide financial incentives or other material support or commitments to encourage development? Financial Incentives/ Business Climate Negative Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Did public or private actors provide financial incentives or other material support or commitments to encourage development? Pre-Construction AADT Number Trips Interviews and local sources Annual Average Daily Trips for the Pre- study Post-Construction AADT Number Trips Interviews and local sources Annual Average Daily Trips for the Post- study Mode Text N/A Project description Heavy Rail, Light Rail, Bus Rapid Transit, and Standard Bus are the currently expected inputs Project Motivation – Air Quality Binary N/A EPA and interviews Is the project in an Air Quality Non- attainment zone or is this otherwise a motivation? Pre- Project Ridership Number Annual Trips Interviews, project docs, studies, agency data Pre- Travel Time Number Minutes Interviews, studies Project end-to-end travel time (new lines & extensions), unless a more appropriate representative trip is available (extension terminus to downtown/airport/etc.). For single stations normally N/A unless interviewees provide interesting situation Pre- System Ridership - Local Number Annual Trips NTD Streetcar and standard bus ridership Pre- System Ridership - Rapid Number Annual Trips NTD Light rail, heavy rail, and bus rapid transit ridership Pre- System Ridership - Commuter Number Annual Trips NTD Commuter rail and commuter bus ridership Post- Project Ridership Number Annual Trips Interviews, project docs, studies, agency data Post- Travel Time Number Minutes Interviews, studies Project end-to-end travel time (new lines & extensions), unless a more appropriate representative trip is available (extension terminus to downtown/airport/etc.). For single stations normally N/A unless interviewees provide interesting situation Post- System Ridership - Local Number Annual Trips NTD Streetcar and standard bus ridership Post- System Ridership - Rapid Number Annual Trips NTD Light rail, heavy rail, and bus rapid transit ridership Total Jobs Number Jobs Summation of Direct, Indirect, and Induced jobs. Number of Total Jobs attributed to the project investment Project Year of Expenditure (YOE $'s) Currency Dollars Interviews and reports Project Year of Expenditure (YOE $'s) or the midpoint if no single year is applicable Infrastructure Positive Binary N/A Interviews and local sources Was complementary transportation, water, electricity, etc. infrastructure in place? Post - Density - State Number Population per square mile U.S Census Population per square mile of land area in the affected state (post-project) Direct Jobs Number Jobs Interviews Number of Direct Jobs attributed to the project investment (Continued).

45 Field Name Field Type Unit of Measure- ment Source of Data Description “Impact Area” field of the original TPICS. This field is used to identify the county of pre-/post-data collection since the “Impact Area” field is used for sub-county data in transit cases. Transit System Text N/A Project Geography This field is used to identify the transit agency for which system ridership has been collected Dates (29 entries) Text Fiscal Year or Calendar Year pairs N/A These fields are used to label the data year for each pre-/post-data pair to allow transparency when initial study and post const. study years are deviated from do to data availability. Post- System Ridership - Commuter Number Annual Trips NTD Commuter rail and commuter bus ridership Local Extent Text N/A Project Geography Include text “Municipality,” “Zip Codes:” or “Census Tracts” etc. Then follow by list of component parts of local are used for pre- /post-data. All data should be collected for a single geographic level. County Text N/A Project Geography County designations were available in the