Practices in One-Lane Traffic Control on a Two-Lane Rural Highway (2018)

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115 A P P E N D I X B Survey Questionnaire Part 1: Respondent Information 1. Organization Name 2. Organization Type (dropdown list) o Headquarters of a state/provincial transportation department o Headquarters of a tollway authority or toll highway operator o Region or district of a state/provincial transportation department o Region or district of a tollway authority or toll highway operator o Federal land management organization o County, municipal or tribal public works organization o Regional transportation authority o Headquarters of a state/provincial police organization o Region or district of a state/provincial police organization o County/municipal police department o Public utility or railroad o Highway construction contractor o Other (please specify) ___________________ 3. Region/county/city/jurisdiction served 4. Country o United States o Canada o Other (please specify) ___________________ 5. Name of the person completing this survey 6. May we contact you with follow-up questions? (Yes/No) 7. Telephone Number 8. E-Mail Address

116 Practices in One-Lane Traffic Control on a Two-Lane Rural Highway Part 2: 1L2W Traffic Control Operations The survey questions are broken into two sections: Section 1 only applies to contractor operations that have been let to bid for highway construction or maintenance work done by contractors; Section 2 only applies to in-house staff performing 1L2W traffic control, usually for highway maintenance or emergency work, on your own roadway system. If your organization is only involved with construction projects, please complete Section 1. If your organization is involved with controlling traffic using in-house staff, please complete Section 2. If your organization performs 1L2W operations by using contract forces and in-house staff, please complete both Sections 1 and 2. 1. Does your organization perform 1L2W operations by using contract forces? Yes, No 2. Does your organization perform 1L2W operations by in-house staff? Yes, No 3. Has your agency developed policy or standards for in-house 1L2W operations that are distinct from those used for projects let to bid? Yes, No The term organization in the questions means the same as State, Provence, territory, Region, District, City, County, Tribal organization, or company. Section 1 This first section applies to construction or maintenance projects let to bid to contractors. 1. Has your organization developed policies, standards, design directive, standard drawing, design exception, special provision, procedures or documents for 1L2W? Yes (If the documents are not posted on your organization’s website, please send a copy of the documents to the principal investigator.) No

Survey Questionnaire 117 2. Using a scale of 1 being "Never" to 5 being "Exclusively," please identify 1L2W traffic control technique(s) used by contractors on rural highways: Technique How often is it used in your jurisdiction? Never 1 2 3 4 Exclusively 5 Human Flaggers Human Flaggers with Advance Flaggers Flag Transfer Self-Managed Yield Control Automated Flagger Assistance Devices (AFADs) Temporary Signals Pilot Car Operations Other** **If “other,” please briefly describe.

3. Using a star rating system (1 star = "Not at all important" to 5 stars = "Very important"), please rate the criteria/factors that your organization uses to decide which technique will be allowed/required to be used by contractors for 1L2W operations on rural highways. Please note that multiple factors can be chosen for each technique: Technique Factor Traffic Volume Length of Closure Sight Distance Topography Alignment1 Weather Short- term (less than 24 hours) Long term (more than 24 hours) Only during day light All light conditions Working Hours Non- Working Hours Never Human Flaggers Human Flaggers with Advance Flaggers Flag Transfer Self-Managed Yield Control Automated Flagger Assistance Devices (AFADs) Temporary Signals Pilot Car Operations Other** **If “other,” please briefly describe. Note: 1Consider primarily tangential versus primarily curvilinear alignments

Survey Questionnaire 119 4. Does your guide/standard address the following topics in the context of 1L2W operations On rural highways? Procedure No Yes Side Road Treatment Driveway Treatment Back of Queue Management Flagger Training Flagger Certification Flagger Apparel (above MUTCD requirements) Flagger-to-Flagger Communication Personnel Management (Meal, Breaks, Fatigue Avoidance, Heat Illness Prevention) Mandatory Use of Portable Changeable Message Signs Night Flagging Project Coordination (multiple 1L2W control projects) Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide.) **If “other,” please briefly describe. 5. Does your guide/standard for 1L2W operations on rural highways address the following Roadway geometrics? Roadway Geometrics No Yes Adverse Terrain Intersections Roundabouts Interchanges Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. 6. Please identify if your organization uses design procedures for calculating queue lengths/delay/capacity for 1L2W operations on rural highways: Design Procedure No Yes Queue Lengths Delay

120 Practices in One-Lane Traffic Control on a Two-Lane Rural Highway Capacity Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. Please identify if there are design standards that your organization has used for 1L2W Operations on rural highways: Design Standard No Yes Minimum Length of Lane Closure Maximum Length of Lane Closure Maximum Vehicle Queueing Maximum Vehicle Delay Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. What speed control methods are normally used on approach to and through the work zone? Design Standard No Yes Changeable Speed Limit Signs for Work Zones Portable Changeable Message Signs Augmented Enforcement System Physical Reduction of Lane Width Chicanes Temporary Transverse Rumble Strips Emergency Flasher Traffic Control Device Converging Optical Devices: Optical Speed Bars, Chevron Pavement Markings, and Related Techniques Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. 7. 8.

Survey Questionnaire 121 9. Which applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) for 1L2W operations on rural highways have been tried? Design Standard No Yes Real-time Traveler Information System Queue Warning System Dynamic Lane Merge (early merge, late merge) System Variable Speed Limits (VSL) System Automated Enforcement System Entering/Exiting Vehicle Notification System Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe.

122 Practices in One-Lane Traffic Control on a Two-Lane Rural Highway Section 2 This second section applies to 1L2W operations done by in-house staff. 1. Has your organization developed policies, standards, design directive, standard drawing, design exception, special provision, procedures or documents for 1L2W? Yes (If the documents are not posted on your organization’s website, please send a copy of the documents to the principal investigator). No 2. Using a scale of 1 being "Never" to 5 being "Exclusively," please identify 1L2W traffic control technique(s) used on rural highways: Technique How often is it used in your jurisdiction? Never 1 2 3 4 Exclusively 5 Human Flaggers Human Flaggers with Advance Flaggers Flag Transfer Self-Managed Yield Control Automated Flagger Assistance Devices (AFADs) Temporary Signals Pilot Car Operations Other** **If “other,” please briefly describe.

10. Using a star rating system (1 star = "Not at all important" to 5 stars = "Very important"), please rate the criteria/factors that your organization has used to decide which technique will be allowed/required to be used for 1L2W operations on rural highways. Please note that multiple factors can be chosen for each technique: Technique Factor Traffic Volume Length of Closure Sight Distance Topography Alignment1 Weather Short- term (less than 24 hours) Long term (more than 24 hours) Only during day light All light conditions Working Hours Non- Working Hours Never Human Flaggers Human Flaggers with Advance Flaggers Flag Transfer Self-Managed Yield Control Automated Flagger Assistance Devices (AFADs) Temporary Signals Pilot Car Operations Other** **If “other,” please briefly describe. Note 1 Consider primarily tangential versus primarily curvilinear alignments

124 Practices in One-Lane Traffic Control on a Two-Lane Rural Highway 3. Does your guide/standard address the following topics in the context of 1L2W operations on Rural highways? Procedure No Yes Side Road Treatment Driveway Treatment Back of Queue Management Flagger Training Flagger Certification Flagger Apparel (above MUTCD requirements) Flagger-to-Flagger Communication Personnel Management (Meal, Breaks, Fatigue Avoidance, Heat Illness Prevention) Mandatory Use of Portable Changeable Message Signs Night Flagging Project Coordination (multiple 1L2W control projects) Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. 4. Does your guide/standard for 1L2W operations on rural highways address the following Roadway geometrics? Roadway Geometrics No Yes Adverse Terrain Intersections Roundabouts Interchanges Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. 5. Please identify if your organization uses design procedures for calculating queue Lengths/delay/capacity for 1L2W operations on rural highways: Design Procedure No Yes Queue Lengths Delay Capacity Other**

Survey Questionnaire 125 If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. 6. Please identify if there are design standards that your organization has used for 1L2W Operations on rural highways: Design Standard No Yes Minimum Length of Lane Closure Maximum Length of Lane Closure Maximum Vehicle Queueing Maximum Vehicle Delay Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. 7. What speed control methods are normally used on approach to and through the work zone? Design Standard No Yes Changeable Speed Limit Signs for Work Zones Portable Changeable Message Signs Augmented Enforcement System Physical Reduction of Lane Width Chicanes Temporary Transverse Rumble Strips Emergency Flasher Traffic Control Device Converging Optical Devices: Optical Speed Bars, Chevron Pavement Markings, and Related Techniques Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe.

126 Practices in One-Lane Traffic Control on a Two-Lane Rural Highway Real-time Traveler Information System Queue Warning System Dynamic Lane Merge (early merge, late merge) System Variable Speed Limits (VSL) System Automated Enforcement System Entering/Exiting Vehicle Notification System Other** If yes, please identify the standards/specifications/guidance (reference the section(s) in your manual or guide) **If “other,” please briefly describe. 8. Which applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) for 1L2W operations on rural highways have been tried? Design Standard No Yes

Survey Questionnaire 127 Part 3: General Questions 1. Are there particular challenges or problems that you have experienced in general, or with any specific technique, in effectively controlling 1L2W traffic? Please describe. 2. Are there 1L2W traffic control techniques you have tried, that did not work well? Please describe. 3. Is there technology you would like to try, but have not? If so, please comment on why it hasn’t been tried. 4. Do you use any combined techniques to manage 1L2W operations? If so, please describe. 5. Have any formal evaluations or case studies of the effectiveness of 1L2W traffic control techniques been done for your area? If so, can you share with the research team? If yes, please provide contact info for follow-up. 6. Are there incentive clauses for the implementation of certain emerging technologies/design procedures and standards, satisfying certain performance indicators established by your organization (i.e., if the project is completed earlier than expected and zero reported fatalities or serious injuries)? 7. Is there anything else that the research team should know that is unique to the way 1L2W operation is handled in your jurisdiction? If so, please describe. 8. Are there specific knowledge gaps, uncertainties, or research needs related to 1L2W traffic control that concern you? If so, please describe. 9. Is there anyone else we should contact for additional perspectives about the way 1L2W traffic control is done in your area? Thank you for your participation!