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Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes (2003)

Chapter: Appendix B: Section 252, National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2001 (Public Law 106-398)

« Previous: Appendix A: Section 253, National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2002 (Public Law 107-107)
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Section 252, National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2001 (Public Law 106-398)." National Research Council. 2003. Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10720.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Section 252, National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2001 (Public Law 106-398)." National Research Council. 2003. Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10720.
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Page 49

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Appendix B Section 252, National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001 {Public Law ~ 06-398) SEC. 252. AIR FORCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PLANNING. (a) REQUIREMENT FOR REVIEW. The Secretary of the Air Force shall conduct a review of the long-term chal- lenges and short-term objectives of the Air Force science and technology programs. The Secretary shall complete the review not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act. (b) MATTERS TO BE REVIEWED. The review shall include the following: (1) An assessment of the budgetary resources that are being used for fiscal year 2001 for addressing the long-term challenges and the short-term objectives of the Air Force science and technology programs. (2) The budgetary resources that are necessary to address those challenges and objectives adequately. (3) A course of action for each projected or ongo- ing Air Force science and technology program that does not address either the long-term challenges or the short- term objectives. (4) The matters required under subsection (c)~5) and (d)~6~. (c) LONG-TERM CHALLENGES. (1) The Secretary of the Air Force shall establish an integrated product team to identify high-risk, high-payoff challenges that will provide a long-term focus and motivation for the Air Force science and technology programs over the next 20 to 50 years follow- ing the enactment of this Act. The integrated product team shall include representatives of the Office of Scientific Research and personnel from the Air Force Research Labo- ratory. (2) The team shall solicit views from the entire Air Force 48 science and technology community on the matters under consideration by the team. (3) The team- (A) shall select for consideration science and tech- nology challenges that involve- (i) compelling requirements of the Air Force; (ii) high-risk, high-payoff areas of exploration; and (iii) very difficult, but probably achievable, results; and (B) should not select a linear extension of any on- going Air Force science and technology program for con- sideration as a science and technology challenge under subparagraph (A). (4) The Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Science, Technology, and Engineering shall designate a tech- nical coordinator and a management coordinator for each science and technology challenge identified pursuant to this subsection. Each technical coordinator shall have sufficient expertise in fields related to the challenge to be able to iden- tify other experts in such fields and to affirm the credibility of the challenge. The coordinator for a science and technol- ogy challenge shall conduct workshops within the relevant scientific and technological community to obtain suggestions for possible approaches to addressing the challenge and to identify ongoing work that addresses the challenge, deficien- cies in current work relating to the challenge, and promising areas of research. (5) In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary of the Air Force shall review the science and technology challenges identified pursuant to this subsection and, for each such chal- lenge, at a minimum- (A) consider the results of the workshops conducted pursuant to paragraph (4~; and (B) identify any work not currently funded by the Air Force that should be performed to meet the challenge.

APPENDIX B (d) SHORT-TERM OBJECTIVES. (1) The Secretary of the Air Force shall establish a task force to identify short- term technological objectives of the Air Force science and technology programs. The task force shall be chaired by the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Science, Technology, and Engineering and shall include representa- tives of the Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the specified combatant commands of the Air Force. (2) The task force shall solicit views from the entire Air Force requirements community, user community, and acqui- sition community. (3) The task force shall select for consideration short-term objectives that involve- (A) compelling requirements of the Air Force; (B) support in the user community; and (C) likely attainment of the desired benefits within a five-year period. (4) The Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Science, Technology, and Engineering shall establish an in- tegrated product team for each short-term objective identi- fied pursuant to this sub-section. Each integrated product team shall include representatives of the requirements com- munity, the user community, and the science and technology community with relevant expertise. (5) The integrated product team for a short-term objective shall be responsible for (A) identifying, defining, and prioritizing the en- abling capabilities that are necessary for achieving the objective; (B) identifying deficiencies in the enabling capa- 49 bilities that must be addressed if the short-term objective is to be achieved; and (C) working with the Air Force science and tech- nology community to identify science and technology projects and programs that should be undertaken to elimi- nate each deficiency in an enabling capability. (6) In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary of the Air Force shall review the short-term science and technology objectives identified pursuant to this subsection and, for each such objective, at a minimum- (A) consider the work of the integrated product team conducted pursuant to paragraph (5); and (B) identify the science and technology work of the Air Force that should be undertaken to eliminate each deficiency in enabling capabilities that is identified by the integrated product team pursuant to subparagraph (B) of that paragraph. (e) COMPTROLLER GENERAL REVIEW. (1) Not later than 90 days after the Secretary of the Air Force com- pletes the review required by subsection (a), the Comptroller General shall submit to Congress a report on the results of the review. The report shall include the Comptroller General's assessment regarding the extent to which the review was conducted in compliance with the requirements of this section. (2) Immediately upon completing the review required by subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense shall notify the Comptroller General of the completion of the review. For the purposes of paragraph (1), the date of the notification shall be considered the date of the completion of the review.

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Under mandate of Section 253, Study and Report on Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes, of the Fiscal Year 2002 National Defense Authorization Act, the U.S. Air Force contracted with the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct the present study. In response, the NRC established the Committee on Review of the Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes—composed of academics, active and retired industry executives, former Air Force and Department of Defense (DoD) civilian executives, and retired general officers with acquisition and science and technology (S&T) backgrounds. The committee was to review the effectiveness of the Air Force S&T program and, in particular, the actions that the Air Force has taken to improve the management of the program in recent years in response to concerns voiced in numerous study reports and by Congress. The committee's principal charter was to assess whether, as a whole, the changes put in place by the Air Force since 1999 are sufficient to assure that adequate technology will be available to ensure U.S. military superiority. The committee conducted four open meetings to collect information from the Air Force and its Scientific Advisory Board (SAB), the U.S Navy, the U.S. Army, and DoD. A great many factors influence any judgment of the S&T program's sufficiency in supporting future warfighter needs; these factors include threat assessment, budget constraints, technology opportunities, workforce, and program content. Given the relatively short time available for this study and considering the detailed reviews conducted annually by the SAB, the technical content of the S&T program was necessarily beyond the committee's purview. Rather, the committee focused on S&T management, including areas that have been studied many times, in depth, by previous advisory groups. Besides addressing technical content, those prior studies and congressional concerns highlighted four overarching S&T issues: advocacy and visibility, planning, workforce, and investment levels. In response, the Air Force instituted changes in S&T management.

The NRC is requested to conduct a study to determine how changes to the Air Force science and technology program implemented during the past two years affect the future capabilities of the Air Force. Effectiveness of Air Force Science and Technology Program Changes reviews and assess whether such changes as a whole are sufficient to ensure the following:

A. That concerns about the management of the science and technology program that have been raised by the Congress, the Defense Science Board, the Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, and the Air Force Association have been adequately addressed.

B. That appropriate and sufficient technology is available to ensure the military superiority of the United States and counter future high-risk threats.

C. That the science and technology investments are balanced to meet near-, mid-, and long-term needs of the Air Force.

D. That the Air Force organizational structure provides for a sufficiently senior level advocate of science and technology to ensure an ongoing, effective presence of the science and technology community during the budget and planning process.

This report also assess the specific changes to the Air Force science and technology program as whether the biannual science and technology summits provide sufficient visibility into, and understanding and appreciation of, the value of the science and technology program to the senior level of Air Force budget and policy decision makers.

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