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SUMMARY OF MAJOR TRENDS 41 DOCTORAL INSTITUTION GROWTH PATTERNS: S&E DEGREES An index of bachelors degrees in the sciences and engineering, granted by doctoral institutions, reveals strong growth until the mid-1970s, then slowing growth during the 1980s. The growth in Ph.D. degrees was also steep during the 1960s, with decline during 1970s, and a return to early-1970s levels by 1988. Figure 2-9: Index of Doctoral Institution Ph.D. and Bachelors Degrees Awarded in Science and Engineering DEFINITION OF TERMS: Science/Engineering Ph.D.s and Science/Engineering B.S. Degrees include those in life sciences, including agricultural, biological, medical, and other health sciences; physical sciences, including astronomy, chemistry, and physics; engineering, including aeronautical and astronautical, chemical, civil, electrical, and mechanical engineering; environmental sciences, including oceanography, atmospheric and earth sciences; mathematics and computer science, including all fields of mathematics and computer-related sciences; and social and other, including economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Doctoral institutions are higher education institutions that have granted an average of 10 or more Ph.D. degrees per year in the natural sciences or engineering over the past two decades. They include 116 public and 69 private institutions. SOURCE: National Science Foundation, Division of Policy Research and Analysis. Database: CASPAR. Some of the data within this database are estimates, incorporated where there are discontinuities within data series or gaps in data collection. Primary data source: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Higher Education General Information Survey (HEGIS): Degrees and Other Formal Awards Conferred.