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Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action (2015)

Chapter: Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition." Institute of Medicine. 2015. Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21693.
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B

U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition

Box B-1 provides examples of ongoing and completed surveys and studies relevant to cognitive aging conducted with representative samples of the U.S. population, representative samples of regional or local populations, and samples of community volunteers and other cohorts. All of the surveys and studies include community-living people, and some also include nursing home residents. The list does not include surveys and studies that only include nursing home residents.

Each survey and study includes one or more items to measure cognition. Some surveys and studies include items to measure cognition directly; some include items to measure the survey respondent’s awareness and perceptions about his or her cognition; and some include both types of items.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition." Institute of Medicine. 2015. Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21693.
×

BOX B-1
U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One
or More Items to Measure Cognition

  1. Surveys and Studies Conducted in Representative Samples of the National Population
    • American Community Survey (ACS)
    • Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD)
    • Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance Survey (BRFSS)
    • Health and Retirement Study (HRS)
    • Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS)
    • Medicare Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
    • National Health and Aging Trends Survey (NHATS)
    • National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
    • National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
  2. Surveys and Studies Conducted in Representative Samples of Regional or Local Populations, Community Volunteers, or Other Cohorts
    • Adult Changes in Thought Study (ACT)
    • Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC)
    • Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
    • Baltimore Memory Study
    • Cache County Study on Memory Health and Aging
    • Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS)–Cognition Study
    • Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP)
    • Established Populations for Epidemiological Studies of the Elderly (EPESE)
    • Framingham Heart Study
    • Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory (GEM)
    • Health Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC)
    • Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (HEPESE)
    • Honolulu-Asia Aging Study (HAAS)
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition." Institute of Medicine. 2015. Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21693.
×
  • Indianapolis Ibadan Dementia Research Project
  • The KAME Study
  • MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging
  • Mayo Clinic Study of Aging
  • Monongahela Valley Independent Elders Survey (MoVIES)
  • Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
  • The National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center/Alzheimer’s Disease Centers Study (NACC/ADC)
  • National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project
  • NCI Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER)
  • Northern Manhattan Study
  • Nun Study
  • Nurses’ Health Study
  • Physicians Health Study
  • Precipitating Events Project
  • Rancho Bernardo Study
  • Religious Orders Study
  • Rochester Epidemiology Project
  • Rush Memory and Aging Study
  • Sacramento Area Latino Study of Aging (SALSA)
  • San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging
  • St. Louis OASIS Study
  • Study of Osteoporotic Fractures
  • Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (The Epidemiology of Dementia in an Urban Community)
  • Wisconsin Longitudinal Study
  • Women’s Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study
  • Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS)
  • Yale Health and Aging Project

SOURCE: Adapted from Bell, J. F., A. L. Fitzpatrick, C. Copeland, G. Chi, L. Steinman, R. L. Whitney, D. C. Atkins, L. L. Bryant, F. Grodstein, E. Larson, R. Logsdon, and M. Snowden. 2014. Existing data sets to support studies of dementia or significant cognitive impairment and comorbid chronic conditions. Alzheimer’s & Dementia (September 4).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition." Institute of Medicine. 2015. Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21693.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition." Institute of Medicine. 2015. Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21693.
×
Page 307
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition." Institute of Medicine. 2015. Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21693.
×
Page 308
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition." Institute of Medicine. 2015. Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21693.
×
Page 309
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: U.S. Surveys and Studies That Include One or More Items to Measure Cognition." Institute of Medicine. 2015. Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/21693.
×
Page 310
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For most Americans, staying "mentally sharp" as they age is a very high priority. Declines in memory and decision-making abilities may trigger fears of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases. However, cognitive aging is a natural process that can have both positive and negative effects on cognitive function in older adults - effects that vary widely among individuals. At this point in time, when the older population is rapidly growing in the United States and across the globe, it is important to examine what is known about cognitive aging and to identify and promote actions that individuals, organizations, communities, and society can take to help older adults maintain and improve their cognitive health.

Cognitive Aging assesses the public health dimensions of cognitive aging with an emphasis on definitions and terminology, epidemiology and surveillance, prevention and intervention, education of health professionals, and public awareness and education. This report makes specific recommendations for individuals to reduce the risks of cognitive decline with aging. Aging is inevitable, but there are actions that can be taken by individuals, families, communities, and society that may help to prevent or ameliorate the impact of aging on the brain, understand more about its impact, and help older adults live more fully and independent lives. Cognitive aging is not just an individual or a family or a health care system challenge. It is an issue that affects the fabric of society and requires actions by many and varied stakeholders. Cognitive Aging offers clear steps that individuals, families, communities, health care providers and systems, financial organizations, community groups, public health agencies, and others can take to promote cognitive health and to help older adults live fuller and more independent lives. Ultimately, this report calls for a societal commitment to cognitive aging as a public health issue that requires prompt action across many sectors.

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