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41 This chapter provides readers with relevant information on each airspace, airfield, terminal, and ground-access simulation tool mentioned previously. The information presented for each tool is still at a fairly high level but uses important summary information such as relevant characteristics and capabilities to further guide the selection of a simulation tool based on project type, capabilities, and level of fidelity. A more detailed version of this information for each simulation tool is provided in Appendix C. The reader is advised that this information represents simulation tool information current as of the publication of this report. Airspace Analysis and Simulation Tools There is no faster, cost-effective, and proven method to analyze new and revised airspace designs than through the fast-time modeling and simulation of airspace operations. The use of simulation tools to quantitatively support airspace operational changes can support capacity, growth, and safety decisions. Airspace simulations can relatively quickly and cheaply answer such questions as: ⢠How much will delays decrease with new procedures? ⢠Are the redesigned or new procedures sufficient to address the overall airspace operations and reduce potential hot spots or conflicts? ⢠How will future air traffic demand impact operations on the existing airport infrastructure? ⢠What is the best concept of operations to handle traffic to and from a given runway, and what added changes in the airspace may be required? These airspace simulation tools can support and build on subject matter expertise and out- of-the-box spreadsheet models that often cannot sufficiently account for airspace complexity and dependencies. Table 20 lists commonly used airspace simulation tools as well as application and study scopes, sample outputs, and levels of customization. Generally, highly specialized simulation tools tend to have lower customization options compared to lower fidelity, more generic tools. Airfield and Airport Analysis and Simulation Tools There are considerable levels of uncertainty in different elements of airport and airfield operations that can affect the optimal performance of an airport. Several simulation toolsâ shown in Table 21âexist that can help airports understand the operational impacts of pro- posed airfield enhancements in terms of added safety, additional capacity, reduced runway occupancy time, or perhaps shorter taxi-in/taxi-out times. C H A P T E R 5 Simulation Tool Characteristics and Capabilities
42 Simulation Options for Airport Planning Simulation Tool Scope Licensor License Type Product Support/Last Release ADSIM Runway, taxiway, apron FAA Public Unknown AirTOp Airspace and airfield Airtopsoft Commercial February 2018 CAST Aircraft Airspace and airfield Airport Research Center GmH Commercial Current DART Airspace (NAS), runway, weather AvMet Commercial Current FACET Airspace (NAS), ATM concepts NASA Public Unknown FLAPS Runway, arrival,and departure fixes Flight Transportation Associates Proprietary Unknown RAMS Plus Airspace and airfield RAMS Plus Commercial July 2016 SIMMOD Pro Airspace and airfield ATAC Commercial February 2017 systemwideModeler NAS MITRE Proprietary Unknown TAAM Airspace and airfield Jappesen/Boeing Commercial February 2018 TARGETS Procedure design MITRE Commercial Current Table 20. Airspace simulation tools. Terminal Passenger Flow Analysis and Simulation Tools Simulation tools today can process and analyze passenger behavior and flows in powerful 3-D environments, which greatly improves planning and visualization capabilities. Table 22 provides a list of some of the most commonly used simulation tools for terminal passenger flow planning. Airport Terminal Systems Analysis and Simulation Tools Airport terminal process simulations are typically built using specialized modules of more generic discrete-event or Monte Carlo simulation tools. This is primarily the case because simulations of terminal processes such as baggage systems, interterminal train links, and bus systems follow similar basic capacitated resource queueing model logic and analysis tech- niques. So, although the potential list of more generic simulation tools is virtually endless, the simulation tools listed in Table 23 are the models most referenced. Curbside Vehicle Analysis and Simulation Tools Curbside simulation tools were conceived to allow airport operators to evaluate the impact that landside processes have on terminal operations. This includes the analysis of parking lots, curbside operations, public transportation, taxi operation, airport access, exits, and through traffic, which could include traffic unrelated to passengers. Several simulation tools exist today that support the planning and analysis of curbside traffic and movements, which directly feed terminal design and passenger flow through the terminal. Table 24 presents a list of some of the most commonly used tools today in the planning and analysis of curbside operations.
Simulation Tool Characteristics and Capabilities 43 Simulation Tool Scope Licensor License Type Product Support/Last Release AirTOp Terminal control area, runway, taxiway, apron, gate Airtopsoft Commercial February 2018 ArcPORT Taxiway, apron, terminal Transoft Solutions Commercial Current AviPLAN Airside PRO Taxiway, apron design Transoft Solutions Commercial October 2017 CAST: Aircraft Terminal control area, runway, taxiway, apron, gate Airport Research Center GmbH Commercial July 2017 DART Terminal control area and runways AvMet Commercial Current DELAYSIM Runway Flight Transportation Associates Proprietary Unknown FLAPS Runway, arrival, and departure fixes Flight Transportation Associates Proprietary Unknown RAMS Plus Terminal control area, runway, taxiway, apron RAMS Plus Commercial July 2016 RDSIM Runway, runway exits FAA Public Unknown REDIM Runway VT Air Transportation Systems Laboratory Public Expected 2018 runwaySimulator Runway MITRE Public Current SIMMOD Pro Terminal control area, runway, taxiway, apron, gate ATAC Commercial February 2017 TAAM Terminal control area, runway, taxiway, apron, gate Jeppesen/Boeing Commercial February 2018 Table 21. Airport and airfield simulation tools.
44 Simulation Options for Airport Planning Simulation Tool Scope Licensor License Type Product Support/Last Release AirTOp Check-in, security, baggage claim, and customs Airtopsoft Commercial February 2018 ArcPORT Terminal area Transoft Solutions Commercial Current AutoMod Baggage handling system, passenger flow Brooks Automation/Simul8 Commercial Current CAST Terminal Check-in counter, security control Airport Research Center Commercial July 2017 FlexSim Baggage handling system, passenger flow FlexSim Commercial August 2017 MassMotion Passenger terminal area Oasys Software Commercial Current PAX2SIM Check-in counter, security control Hub Performance Proprietary Current PAXSIM Check-in counter, baggage, security, boarding, customs Jeppesen/Boeing Commercial Unknown SimWalk Airport Check-in counter, security control SIMWALK Commercial Current Table 22. Terminal passenger simulation tools. Simulation Tool Scope Licensor License Type Product Support/Last Release Arena Terminal area Arena Simulation Commercial September 2016 ExtendSim Terminal area ExtendSim Commercial November 2017 PTV Vissim Terminal area PTV Group Commercial 2017 Simio Terminal area Simio Commercial July 2017 Table 23. Airport system simulation models. Simulation Tool Scope Licensor License Type Product Support/Last Release CAST Curbside Curbside, roadway, parking Airport Research Center Commercial July 2017 QATAR Curbside, roadway Transportation Research Board Public 2010 Synchro Traffic signal Trafficware Commercial January 2017 TRACS Terminal, roadway, curbside Transsolutions Proprietary Unknown PTV Vissim Curbside, roadway PTV Group Commercial October 2016 Table 24. Ground-access simulation models.
