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Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc (2001)

Chapter: D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996

« Previous: C Dietary Intake Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 19881994
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
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Page 644
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
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Page 645
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
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Page 646
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
×
Page 647
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
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Page 648
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
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Page 649
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
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Page 650
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
×
Page 651
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
×
Page 652
Suggested Citation:"D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 19941996." Institute of Medicine. 2001. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10026.
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Page 653

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D Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1996 TABLE D-1 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Boron (mg/day) from Food, CSFII (1994–1996) Number Percentile of Persons Sex/Age Categorya Examined Mean 1st 5th 10th Both sexes, 0 to 6 mo 195 0.75 0.03 0.06 0.09 Standard error 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.01 Both sexes, 7 to 12 mo 130 0.99 0.12 0.20 0.27 Standard error 0.12 0.02 0.02 0.03 Both sexes, 1 to 3 y 1,834 0.86 0.25 0.35 0.42 Standard error 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 Both sexes, 4 to 8 y 1,650 0.80 0.33 0.43 0.49 Standard error 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 M 9 to 13 y 552 0.90 0.38 0.49 0.56 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 M 14 to 18 y 446 1.02 0.34 0.47 0.55 Standard error 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 M 19 to 30 y 853 1.15 0.37 0.51 0.61 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 M 31 to 50 y 1,684 1.33 0.42 0.58 0.69 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 M 51 to 70 y 1,606 1.34 0.39 0.56 0.67 Standard error 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 M 71+ y 674 1.25 0.31 0.46 0.56 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 644

APPENDIX D 645 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0.06 0.09 0.15 0.29 0.76 1.89 2.95 6.40 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.44 0.63 1.99 0.20 0.27 0.42 0.71 1.21 2.00 2.70 4.77 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.09 0.15 0.27 0.41 0.91 0.35 0.42 0.57 0.78 1.07 1.41 1.66 2.24 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.43 0.49 0.61 0.76 0.95 1.15 1.29 1.58 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.49 0.56 0.69 0.86 1.07 1.28 1.43 1.74 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.47 0.55 0.72 0.96 1.25 1.57 1.79 2.28 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.14 0.51 0.61 0.80 1.06 1.40 1.79 2.05 2.66 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.12 0.58 0.69 0.91 1.22 1.63 2.09 2.42 3.18 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.15 0.56 0.67 0.89 1.22 1.66 2.16 2.52 3.34 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.13 0.46 0.56 0.78 1.11 1.56 2.12 2.53 3.51 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.07 0.10 0.20 continued

646 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES TABLE D-1 Continued Number Percentile of Persons Sex/Age Categorya Examined Mean 1st 5th 10th F 9 to 13 y 560 0.83 0.34 0.44 0.50 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 F 14 to 18 y 436 0.78 0.26 0.36 0.42 Standard error 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 F 19 to 30 y 760 0.87 0.30 0.40 0.48 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 F 31 to 50 y 1,614 1.00 0.31 0.44 0.52 Standard error 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 F 51 to 70 y 1,539 1.11 0.32 0.46 0.55 Standard error 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 F 71+ y 623 0.98 0.27 0.39 0.47 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 F Pregnant 70 1.16 0.37 0.52 0.62 Standard error 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.07 F Lactating 41 1.39 0.38 0.55 0.67 Standard error 0.16 0.10 0.12 0.13 All Individuals 15,156 1.06 0.28 0.41 0.50 Standard error 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 All Indiv (+P/L) 15,267 1.06 0.28 0.41 0.50 Standard error 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 NOTE: Estimates were obtained using C-SIDE v1.02 (C-SIDE courtesy of Iowa State University Statistical Laboratory, Iowa State University). Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating. SOURCE: C. Rainey, Nutrition Research Group, and A. Carriquiry, Iowa State Univer- sity, 1999.

APPENDIX D 647 5th 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0.44 0.50 0.62 0.79 0.99 1.21 1.35 1.68 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.36 0.42 0.55 0.73 0.96 1.22 1.40 1.80 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.13 0.40 0.48 0.62 0.81 1.06 1.34 1.54 1.97 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.13 0.44 0.52 0.69 0.93 1.23 1.58 1.83 2.39 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.46 0.55 0.73 1.01 1.38 1.81 2.13 2.87 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.12 0.39 0.47 0.64 0.89 1.21 1.59 1.86 2.47 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.15 0.52 0.62 0.81 1.08 1.42 1.79 2.06 2.64 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.16 0.20 0.33 0.55 0.67 0.92 1.27 1.73 2.26 2.64 3.49 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.20 0.31 0.43 0.75 0.41 0.50 0.68 0.96 1.32 1.75 2.07 2.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.41 0.50 0.68 0.95 1.32 1.75 2.06 2.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05

648 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES TABLE D-2 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Copper (mg/day) from Food, CSFII (1994–1996) Number Percentile of Persons Sex/Age Categorya Examined Mean 5th 10th 25th Both sexes, 0 to 6 mo 157 0.61 0.40 0.44 0.51 Standard error 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Both sexes, 7 to 12 mo 112 0.77 0.49 0.55 0.65 Standard error 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 Both sexes, 1 to 3 y 1,791 0.71 0.41 0.47 0.56 Standard error 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Both sexes, 4 to 8 y 1,650 0.88 0.55 0.61 0.73 Standard error 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 M 9 to 13 y 552 1.17 0.69 0.78 0.94 Standard error 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.04 M 14 to 18 y 446 1.45 0.81 0.92 1.12 Standard error 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 M 19 to 30 y 854 1.52 0.81 0.92 1.14 Standard error 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 M 31 to 50 y 1,684 1.50 0.84 0.95 1.16 Standard error 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 M 51 to 70 y 1,606 1.44 0.78 0.89 1.08 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 M 71+ y 674 1.25 0.67 0.77 0.95 Standard error 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04 F 9 to 13 y 560 0.99 0.64 0.71 0.82 Standard error 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 F 14 to 18 y 436 1.07 0.62 0.69 0.82 Standard error 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.03 F 19 to 30 y 760 1.05 0.60 0.68 0.82 Standard error 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 F 31 to 50 y 1,614 1.06 0.62 0.70 0.84 Standard error 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 F 51 to 70 y 1,539 1.05 0.63 0.70 0.83 Standard error 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 F 71+ y 623 1.00 0.56 0.64 0.75 Standard error 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.02 F Pregnant 71 1.17 0.76 0.83 0.96 Standard error 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.05 F Lactating 42 1.35 0.84 0.92 1.08 Standard error 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.09 All Individuals 15,058 1.17 0.58 0.67 0.85 Standard error 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 All Indiv (+P/L) 15,170 1.17 0.58 0.67 0.85 Standard error 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided two 24-hour dietary recalls and were adjusted using the Iowa State University method. Mean, standard errors, and percentiles were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Infants and children fed human milk were excluded from all analyses. One female was pregnant and lactating and was included in both the Pregnant and Lactating categories. The sample sizes for

APPENDIX D 649 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 0.44 0.51 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.88 1.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.55 0.65 0.75 0.86 0.99 1.10 1.38 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.27 0.47 0.56 0.68 0.83 0.98 1.09 1.33 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.61 0.73 0.86 1.01 1.18 1.29 1.56 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.78 0.94 1.13 1.35 1.60 1.79 2.24 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.13 0.92 1.12 1.38 1.69 2.05 2.32 2.95 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.19 0.92 1.14 1.44 1.81 2.19 2.47 3.14 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.12 0.95 1.16 1.43 1.77 2.13 2.40 3.05 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.89 1.08 1.35 1.69 2.08 2.40 3.10 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.17 0.77 0.95 1.18 1.48 1.80 2.03 2.63 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.27 0.71 0.82 0.96 1.13 1.31 1.43 1.72 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.69 0.82 1.02 1.27 1.49 1.65 2.09 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.68 0.82 1.01 1.24 1.47 1.63 2.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.70 0.84 1.02 1.24 1.46 1.60 1.91 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.70 0.83 1.01 1.21 1.44 1.61 1.98 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.08 0.64 0.75 0.95 1.17 1.42 1.62 2.04 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.09 0.09 0.19 0.83 0.96 1.13 1.33 1.54 1.68 1.97 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.92 1.08 1.30 1.55 1.83 2.01 2.42 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.29 0.67 0.85 1.10 1.41 1.76 2.01 2.54 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.67 0.85 1.10 1.41 1.76 2.00 2.54 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 the Pregnant and Lactating categories were very small so their estimates of usual intake distributions are not reliable. a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating. SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2000.

650 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES TABLE D-3 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Iron (mg/day) from Food, CSFII (1994–1996) Number Percentile of Persons Sex/Age Categorya Examined Mean 5th 10th 25th Both sexes, 0 to 6 mo 157 14.6 7.6 8.9 11.1 Standard error 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.5 Both sexes, 7 to 12 mo 112 17.3 9.2 10.6 13.4 Standard error 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 Both sexes, 1 to 3 y 1,791 10.9 5.6 6.5 8.1 Standard error 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 Both sexes, 4 to 8 y 1,650 13.5 7.6 8.6 10.4 Standard error 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 M,9 to 13 y 552 18.2 10.0 11.4 14.1 Standard error 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 M 14 to 18 y 446 20.7 10.6 12.2 15.3 Standard error 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 M 19 to 30 y 854 19.2 10.3 11.9 14.7 Standard error 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 M 31 to 50 y 1,684 19.1 10.2 11.5 14.1 Standard error 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 M 51 to 70 y 1,606 17.5 9.3 10.7 13.2 Standard error 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 M 71+ y 674 16.4 8.5 9.7 12.1 Standard error 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 F 9 to 13 y 560 14.3 8.2 9.2 11.1 Standard error 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 F 14 to 18 y 436 13.5 7.4 8.5 10.4 Standard error 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.8 F 19 to 30 y 760 13.1 6.9 7.9 9.8 Standard error 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.6 F 31 to 50 y 1,614 13.1 7.1 8.0 9.8 Standard error 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 F 51 to 70 y 1,539 12.5 7.1 8.0 9.6 Standard error 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 F 71+ y 623 12.4 6.8 7.7 9.5 Standard error 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 F Pregnant 71 14.3 8.0 9.1 11.2 Standard error 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.5 F Lactating 42 18.6 9.5 10.8 13.3 Standard error 2.5 1.0 1.2 1.6 All Individuals 15,058 15.3 7.4 8.6 11.0 Standard error 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 All Indiv (+P/L) 15,170 15.3 7.4 8.6 11.0 Standard error 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided two 24-hour dietary recalls and were adjusted using the Iowa State University method. Mean, standard errors, and percentiles were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Infants and children fed human milk were excluded from all analyses. One female was pregnant and lactating and was included in both the Pregnant and Lactating categories. The sample sizes for

APPENDIX D 651 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 8.9 11.1 13.9 17.5 21.5 24.2 29.7 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 2.8 10.6 13.4 16.8 20.7 24.5 27.0 31.9 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.4 2.1 6.5 8.1 10.3 13.0 16.2 18.5 23.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.0 8.6 10.4 12.8 15.9 19.3 21.7 27.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 11.4 14.1 17.2 21.0 26.0 29.9 39.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.3 2.2 12.2 15.3 19.3 24.5 30.8 35.5 46.5 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.1 1.6 2.0 3.1 11.9 14.7 18.1 22.5 27.8 31.8 41.0 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 1.0 1.2 2.1 11.5 14.1 17.8 22.5 28.1 32.3 42.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.7 1.0 1.8 10.7 13.2 16.5 20.6 25.5 29.2 37.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.4 9.7 12.1 15.5 19.6 24.2 27.4 34.5 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.5 9.2 11.1 13.7 16.8 20.0 22.2 27.0 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 8.5 10.4 12.7 15.7 19.4 22.2 28.8 0.4 0.8 0.5 1.1 1.1 1.2 2.2 7.9 9.8 12.4 15.7 19.2 21.7 28.0 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.7 8.0 9.8 12.3 15.5 19.0 21.5 27.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 8.0 9.6 11.9 14.7 17.7 19.9 24.9 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 7.7 9.5 11.9 14.8 17.9 20.0 24.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 9.1 11.2 13.9 17.0 20.1 22.2 26.6 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.5 10.8 13.3 17.1 22.2 28.3 32.8 43.6 1.2 1.6 2.2 3.1 4.3 5.3 8.1 8.6 11.0 14.3 18.5 23.3 26.7 34.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 8.6 11.0 14.3 18.6 23.3 26.7 34.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 the Pregnant and Lactating categories were very small so their estimates of usual intake distributions are not reliable. a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating. SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2000.

652 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES TABLE D-4 Mean and Percentiles for Usual Intake of Zinc (mg/day) from Food, CSFII (1994–1996) Number Percentile of Persons Sex/Age Categorya Examined Mean 5th 10th 25th Both sexes, 0 to 6 mo 157 6.1 4.0 4.3 5.0 Standard error 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Both sexes, 7 to 12 mo 112 6.8 4.5 5.0 5.7 Standard error 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Both sexes, 1 to 3 y 1,791 7.5 4.4 4.9 5.9 Standard error 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Both sexes, 4 to 8 y 1,650 9.3 5.5 6.1 7.3 Standard error 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 M 9 to 13 y 552 12.6 7.6 8.5 10.2 Standard error 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 M 14 to 18 y 446 15.0 8.4 9.6 11.7 Standard error 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 M 19 to 30 y 854 14.6 8.1 9.2 11.2 Standard error 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 M 31 to 50 y 1,684 14.5 8.1 9.1 11.0 Standard error 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 M 51 to 70 y 1,606 13.0 7.2 8.0 9.8 Standard error 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 M 71+ y 674 11.4 6.3 7.1 8.7 Standard error 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 F 9 to 13 y 560 10.1 6.2 6.9 8.1 Standard error 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 F 14 to 18 y 436 9.9 5.5 6.3 7.7 Standard error 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 F 19 to 30 y 760 9.3 5.2 5.8 7.1 Standard error 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 F 31 to 50 y 1,614 9.5 5.4 6.1 7.3 Standard error 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 F 51 to 70 y 1,539 8.7 5.2 5.8 6.9 Standard error 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 F 71+ y 623 8.2 4.9 5.4 6.5 Standard error 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 F Pregnant 71 10.4 6.1 6.9 8.4 Standard error 2.0 1.8 1.9 2.0 F Lactating 42 12.2 7.3 8.1 9.6 Standard error 1.3 0.7 0.8 1.0 All Individuals 15,058 11.0 5.5 6.3 8.0 Standard error 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 All Indiv (+P/L) 15,170 11.0 5.5 6.3 8.0 Standard error 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 NOTE: Data are limited to individuals who provided two 24-hour dietary recalls and were adjusted using the Iowa State University method. Mean, standard errors, and percentiles were obtained using C-Side. Standard errors were estimated via jackknife replication. Each standard error has 43 degrees of freedom. Infants and children fed human milk were excluded from all analyses. One female was pregnant and lactating and was included in both the Pregnant and Lactating categories. The sample sizes for

APPENDIX D 653 10th 25th 50th 75th 90th 95th 99th 4.3 5.0 5.9 7.0 8.1 8.8 10.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 5.0 5.7 6.7 7.8 8.9 9.6 11.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 4.9 5.9 7.2 8.8 10.5 11.7 14.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 6.1 7.3 9.0 10.9 12.8 14.1 17.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 8.5 10.2 12.2 14.5 17.2 19.2 23.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.9 9.6 11.7 14.3 17.5 21.2 24.0 30.3 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.2 3.2 9.2 11.2 14.0 17.3 20.8 23.2 29.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.0 9.1 11.0 13.7 17.1 21.1 23.8 30.7 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.3 8.0 9.8 12.3 15.3 18.8 21.2 26.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.1 7.1 8.7 10.8 13.4 16.3 18.3 23.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.9 6.9 8.1 9.7 11.6 13.7 15.1 18.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.9 6.3 7.7 9.5 11.7 14.0 15.5 18.7 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.5 5.8 7.1 8.9 11.0 13.1 14.6 18.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 6.1 7.3 9.1 11.1 13.4 14.9 18.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 5.8 6.9 8.4 10.2 12.1 13.4 16.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.7 5.4 6.5 8.0 9.6 11.4 12.5 15.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 6.9 8.4 10.2 12.2 14.2 15.4 18.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.6 8.1 9.6 11.6 14.2 17.0 18.9 23.2 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.3 3.0 6.3 8.0 10.4 13.3 16.6 18.8 23.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 6.3 8.0 10.4 13.3 16.5 18.8 23.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 the Pregnant and Lactating categories were very small so their estimates of usual intake distributions are not reliable. a M = male, F = female, P/L = pregnant and lactating. SOURCE: ENVIRON International Corporation and Iowa State University Department of Statistics, 2000.

Next: E Dietary Intake Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Total Diet Study, 19911997 »
Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc Get This Book
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This volume is the newest release in the authoritative series issued by the National Academy of Sciences on dietary reference intakes (DRIs). This series provides recommended intakes, such as Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), for use in planning nutritionally adequate diets for individuals based on age and gender. In addition, a new reference intake, the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL), has also been established to assist an individual in knowing how much is "too much" of a nutrient.

Based on the Institute of Medicine's review of the scientific literature regarding dietary micronutrients, recommendations have been formulated regarding vitamins A and K, iron, iodine, chromium, copper, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, and other potentially beneficial trace elements such as boron to determine the roles, if any, they play in health. The book also:

  • Reviews selected components of food that may influence the bioavailability of these compounds.
  • Develops estimates of dietary intake of these compounds that are compatible with good nutrition throughout the life span and that may decrease risk of chronic disease where data indicate they play a role.
  • Determines Tolerable Upper Intake levels for each nutrient reviewed where adequate scientific data are available in specific population subgroups.
  • Identifies research needed to improve knowledge of the role of these micronutrients in human health.

This book will be important to professionals in nutrition research and education.

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