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Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs (2017)

Chapter: Rail Funding Trends and Objectives

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Suggested Citation:"Rail Funding Trends and Objectives." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24788.
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Suggested Citation:"Rail Funding Trends and Objectives." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24788.
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Suggested Citation:"Rail Funding Trends and Objectives." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24788.
×
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Page 6
Suggested Citation:"Rail Funding Trends and Objectives." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24788.
×
Page 6
Page 7
Suggested Citation:"Rail Funding Trends and Objectives." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24788.
×
Page 7
Page 8
Suggested Citation:"Rail Funding Trends and Objectives." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24788.
×
Page 8
Page 9
Suggested Citation:"Rail Funding Trends and Objectives." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/24788.
×
Page 9

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

 Backgr A 20‐ques distribute planning a firms, and field of ex the respo the survey “others” i authoritie The follow Stakeh Does you More tha 32 percen that othe RAI ound tion survey w d to more th nd economi  universities. pertise. We r ndents repre . Every stake ncluded: por s, regional pl ing survey re older Res r state have a n 25 percent  t of the resp r transportat L FUN as prepared an 500 stakeh c developme  Each stakeh eceived 112  sented a stat holder group t authorities, an commissio sponses high ponse  rail funding of the respon ondents nam ion funding p DING  to identify ra olders, repre nt agencies, f older group r responses  re e transportat  responded t  railroad asso ns, railroad  light rail fun  program(s)? dents were  ed programs rograms are   TRE il funding tre senting fede reight and pa eceived com presenting a ion agency.   o the survey ciations, rail customers, a ding trends a   unaware of ra  for which ra recognizing m NDS  nds and obje ral and state ssenger rail  mon and uni  21% respon Every state e . Responden road advocac nd several tr nd objective il funding pr il is an eligibl ultimodal o AND ctives. This s  transportati operators, fin que question se rate. Forty xcept Hawai ts who were  y groups, cou ansportation s.  ograms with e expenditure bjectives.   OBJE 6 urvey was  on agencies, ancial servic s related to t ‐five percent i participated identified as nty rail tran  consultants. in their state . This illustra CTIV state  es  heir   of   in  sit  . Yet  tes  ES

    Does you   Without a award a g than 5 pe offered at available  How muc Three stat awarded $ How is yo Response Annual ap Sales tax  Fuel tax o Dedicated   Other sta Clean Air  Departme State Infra Communi Freight M Connect O   r state rail pr  funding sou rant than a lo rcent of the l  a discounted for project pl h state rail p es awarded  2‐$3 million ur state rail  s included:  propriation f   n Class 1 railr  State fundin te funding pr Programs (CM nt of Comme structure Ba ty Block Gran obility Strate regon  ogram award rce it is hard  an especially oans provide  rate. In gen anning.  rogram fund more than $2  a year, based program fund rom General     oads    g    ograms for w AQ)    rce    nk    ts    gic Investme      loans or gra to sustain a l  to short line d by states h eral, most pr ing is awarde 5 million per  upon surve ed?   Fund hich rail is e nt Board nts?  oan or grant  railroads du ave loan forg ograms are f d on an ann  year to rail p y response.   Pay a   Mot   Mult   Fede ligible includ   Econ   Jobs   Ente   Rura   EPA    Road program. In m e to docume iveness prov or constructi ual basis?  rojects. The  s you go sta or fuel tax  imodal funds ral discretion ed:  omic Develo  programs  rprise Bond l Economic D and DRA Gra work Develo   any cases, i ntation requ isions. Most s on, few loans average state te and federa   ary grants  pment Funds evelopment  nts  pment (Grad 7 t is easier to  irements. Les tate loans ar  or grants are  rail program l funds    Grants  e Crossing) s  e       

Please ran Responde most imp indicates  Rail fundi Are there of railroad Fifty‐seve to state ra k the follow nts indicated ortant object rail is seen as ng to reduce   any legal or  s?  n percent of  il ownership ing rail progr  that rail exp ive. Rail pres  an importan highway con regulatory re the responde , investment  am funding  ansion to sup ervation rank t economic d gestion was r strictions w nts indicated or operation objectives in port jobs an ed third in im evelopment anked as the hich apply to  that there w  of railroads.   order of imp d improve ec portance. R tool to creat  least import  state owner ere no statu Some state s ortance.  onomic deve esponse to th e jobs and bo ant objective ship, investm tory or regul tatutes proh 8 lopment was is question  ost the econ .  ent or oper atory restrict ibit state   the  omy.  ation  ions 

    acquisitio state own restriction What do  Industrial  projects s Are there Typical an Funding C  Fu 20  M  Fu Ef Program  R “n  R w  A te  M n or ownersh ership positi s which proh state investm rail access, s upported by   any rail prog swers fell int omments: nding needs  years. Secti ore funding  nding is nee ficiency (CRE Limitation C ail is one of fi eed” based  ailroad Rehab hich is a hurd  general lack  rm projects,  andated PTC ip of private  on in a projec ibit the own ents suppor afety program state rail fun rams which  o two catego  to be increa on 130 funds for industrial ded to comp ATE), Rail Fre omments: ve modes eli infrastructure ilitation and le many app of flexibility i incentivize p  improvemen rail assets. M t. Some state ership of railr t?  s, rail prese ding program could be imp ries: amount sed for state   are inadequ  rail service f lete projects  ight Program gible for the   funding.   Improvemen licants canno n funding sou rivate investm ts cannot se ost states do s allow state oad rolling st rvation, and  s.  roved? If so   of funding a owned rail cr ate for crossi und.  like Chicago  s and High‐S non‐highway t Financing ( t overcome. rces often m ent or PPPs cure comme  not conside  rail ownersh ock.  passenger ra what would  nd program l ossings, fund ng protection Regional Env peed Rail (HS  grant progra RRIF) loans h akes it diffic  (Public Priva rcial funding. r the award o ip, but have   il projects are you recomm imitations.  ing levels ha .   ironmental a R) Programs m – rail has c ave a credit r ult to strateg te Partnersh   9 f rail grants   specific   the typical  end?  ve not chang nd Transport .  ompeted we isk premium ically fund lo ips).  as a  ed in  ation  ll for    ng‐

10   With sufficient funding, more rail programs could be converted to forgivable loans (a forgivable loan can be treated as a grant if volume commitments are met) based upon performance.  Performance measurement criteria are needed for forgivable loan programs. What are the essential program elements of Innovative Funding?   Stakeholders identified three elements essential to attractive innovative funding programs. Processing  time, program flexibility and desirable program elements were topics of greatest interest.   Time to Acquire Funds  Economic review processes for grants which require a cost benefit analysis are desirable.  Funding processes need to be streamlined to provide quick access to funds.  Federal funds are needed that permit expedited construction. Flexibility  Flexibility is essential. Funding for transportation infrastructure is often segmented by mode which limits mode eligibility.  A more robust embrace of multimodal funding in needed.  Tax credits for investment in infrastructure are needed for rolling stock and locomotives.  A dedicated source of funding at the state and federal level is needed, insulated from economic ups and downs, and not dependent upon congressional budget approval.  A relaxed restriction for highway funds is needed to allow for multimodal investments.  Flexibility is necessary for freight and passenger programs with no restriction of size, scale or cost of project.  The ability to capture positive externalities is very important.  Maximum flexibility is needed at the state level due to the multimodal nature of projects. Desired Program Elements  Public Private Partnerships may provide a better vision for the future.  Grants with match requirements insure better projects.  The grant application process must be competitive.  Grants seem to produce better results than loan programs.  Stakeholder and political support is very important for the success of innovative programs.

    Does you   Stakehold state prio question  separately State prog represent r state have r ers reported rities may no because of th  for funding. ram for pub  a multi‐state ail programs  that multi‐st t have the sa e network si  Another mu licly owned ra  benefit.    that extend ate freight ra me emphasis ze. States com lti‐state prog il cars. These  beyond stat il operations . Amtrak ope mented tha ram example  cars can tec e borders?   are difficult  rations were t each state w  brought fort hnically oper   to fund beca  most comm as required h was the un ate in other  11 use individua only noted in  to negotiate ique Washin states and    l   this    gton 

Stakehold rail progr The respo user to id objectives Summa The surve passenge  R  P  R  Po  St  C ers were ask am national  nse to this q entify criteria  as well as pr ry y responses a r and freight  ail investmen rograms mus ail Infrastruct or rail infras ate rail prog urrent state p ed to identif database.   uestion illustr  to match th ogram struct re not statis rail programs ts are expens t be flexible d ure is viewed tructure imp rams are des rograms prim y searchable ates a strong e intended pr ure.  Interest tically valid, b  at the state  ive and have ue to the mu  as a building acts safety an igned for pro arily suppor  criteria for a  desire for a  oject. A sear  was greates ut do provid and federal l  a long life cy ltimodal asp  block to a s d regional e jects within t t safety and   federal and flexible searc ch tool will n t in freight fu e insights ab evel. Key find cle.  ect of most r trong econom conomic com he state’s jur industrial acc  state passen h tool which eed to be sen nding progra out the curre ings include: ail projects.  y and job gr petitiveness isdiction.  ess projects. 12 ger and freig  will allow th sitive to pro ms.   nt state of    owth.  .      ht  e  ject 

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TRB's National Cooperative Rail Research Program (NCRRP) Web Only Document 4: Inventory of State and Federal Passenger and Freight Rail Programs explores rail funding trends and objectives, a program taxonomy, an inventory of federal and state programs, and case studies to highlight rail funding innovation in practice.

The Matrix of Rail Programs includes information about 379 state and federal, passenger and freight rail programs. The matrix allows users to compare programs by state or by defining characteristics, including funding types, project types, applicant eligibility, funding objectives, and primary program elements.

This spreadsheet is offered as is, without warranty or promise of support of any kind either expressed or implied. Under no circumstance will the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine or the Transportation Research Board (collectively "TRB") be liable for any loss or damage caused by the installation or operation of this product. TRB makes no representation or warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, in fact or in law, including without limitation, the warranty of merchantability or the warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, and shall not in any case be liable for any consequential or special damages.

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